Combination of biparametric magnetic resonance imaging with prostate-specific antigen density to stratify the risk of significant prostate cancer: Initial biopsy and long-term follow-up results.

Objectives: To assess whether the combination of biparametric magnetic resonance imaging with prostate-specific antigen density can properly stratify the risk of significant prostate cancer in patients undergoing prostate biopsies and how this approach affects the detection of prostate cancer during follow-up in patients who do not undergo prostate biopsy.

Methods: In total, 411 biopsy-naïve patients who had elevated prostate-specific antigen levels and then underwent biparametric magnetic resonance imaging for suspicious prostate cancer were analyzed: 203 patients underwent prostate biopsies, whereas 208 patients did not. Significant prostate cancer detection rates stratified by the combination of Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score and prostate-specific antigen density were assessed in patients who underwent prostate biopsies.

Scrotal hematoma following femoral artery puncture.

The scrotum hematoma following femoral artery puncture is a rare complication. The bleeding from the puncture site drained through the inguinal canal into the scrotum. The present case may indicate the importance of quick observation of the scrotum, when the puncture of femoral artery was performed.

A Novel Biomarker for Acute Kidney Injury, Vanin-1, for Obstructive Nephropathy: A Prospective Cohort Pilot Study.

: Vanin-1 is a novel acute kidney injury (AKI) biomarker that has not been clinically investigated as a biomarker for obstructive nephropathy. This study investigated the diagnostic value of vanin-1 as a biomarker for adult obstructive nephropathy by comparing it to existing AKI biomarkers. : A total of 49 patients, 21 controls, and 28 hydronephrosis (HN) cases were assessed.

Cancer detection rate of prebiopsy MRI with subsequent systematic and targeted biopsy are superior to non-targeting systematic biopsy without MRI in biopsy naïve patients: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: To determine whether prebiopsy multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) with subsequent systematic plus targeted biopsies for suspicious lesions improve prostate cancer detection compared with standard non-targeting systematic biopsies without mpMRI in biopsy-naïve patients.

Methods: Patients who underwent their first prostate biopsy due to suspicion of prostate cancer were analyzed retrospectively to compare the biopsy outcomes between patients who received prebiopsy mpMRI (215 patients) and those who did not (281 patients). mpMRI was performed to determine pre-biopsy likelihood of the presence of prostate cancer using a three-point scale (1 = low level of suspicion, 2 = equivocal, and 3 = high level of suspicion).

Right Aortic Arch with Mirror-image Branching in Adults: Evaluation Using CT.

Objective: We evaluated radiological findings and clinical significance of right aortic arch with mirror-image branching (RAMI) in adults using data from computed tomography (CT) examinations.

Material And Methods: We reviewed recorded reports and CT images obtained from university and branch hospitals for RAMI in adults. The RAMI incidence in adults found on CT was assessed.

A Pitfall in the Diagnosis of Bilateral Deep Vein Thrombosis in a Young Man.

A 32-year-old man with a history of bronchial asthma was referred for low back pain and bilateral femur pain. Vascular sonography revealed bilateral deep vein thrombosis (DVT) from the femoral veins to the popliteal veins. Computed tomography revealed hypoplasia of the inferior vena cava (IVC) and dilated lumbar veins, ascending lumbar veins, and azygos vein as collaterals.

Deterioration of Cerebral Oxygenation by Aortic Arch Calcification Progression in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Near-infrared spectroscopy revealed that the regional saturation of oxygen (rSO) in cerebral tissue is lower in hemodialysis (HD) patients than in healthy subjects. However, no study has examined the changes in cerebral oxygenation by aortic arch calcification (AAC) progression in HD patients.

Methods: A total of 104 HD patients were divided into four groups by AAC grade determined using chest radiography: 23 patients at grade 0, 24 at grade 1, 30 at grade 2, and 27 at grade 3.

Ultra-short echo time magnetic resonance imaging for detection of pulmonary arteriovenous malformation recanalization after coil embolization: a case report and a phantom study.

A pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM) is a direct connection between the pulmonary arteries and veins for which metallic coil transcatheter embolization is the standard of care. Detecting recanalization after PAVM treatment is crucial, but direct visualization with computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is generally difficult. Here, we report a case of a recanalized PAVM that was directly detected with ultra-short echo time MRI.

Non-contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography using time-spatial labeling inversion pulse technique for differentiation between pulmonary varix and arteriovenous malformation.

Pulmonary varix is a rare entity that presents as a focal aneurysmal dilatation of the pulmonary vein and is frequently mistaken for a pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM). It is important to distinguish between pulmonary varix and PAVM because the former does not usually require treatment. We present the findings of non-contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography with the time-spatial labeling inversion pulse technique in case of pulmonary varix and PAVM and the utility of this method for differentiating between these diseases.

Managing vulvovaginal hematoma by arterial embolization as first-line hemostatic therapy.

Objective: A puerperal vulvovaginal hematoma may continue to grow after a surgical procedure and may require blood transfusion. Thus, we selected arterial embolization for hemostasis as the first-line management in two cases of large vulvovaginal hematoma.

Materials And Methods: Case 1 was a 32-year-old pregnant woman.

Successful treatment of nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia after aortic valve replacement with continuous arterial alprostadil infusion: A case report.

Introduction: Nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia (NOMI) after surgery has an extremely poor prognosis with a mortality rate of 30-100%. We report a patient with NOMI following aortic valve replacement who failed to improve despite continuous intra-arterial infusion of papaverine, but was successfully treated with alprostadil (prostaglandin E1 [PGE1]) infusion.

Presentation Of Case: The patient is a 77-year-old man who underwent aortic valve replacement.

Efficacy of Ultrasound-Guided Axillary Brachial Plexus Block for Analgesia During Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty for Dialysis Access.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ultrasound (US)-guided axillary brachial plexus block (ABPB) for analgesia during percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) for dialysis access.

Subjects And Methods: Twenty-one patients who underwent PTA for stenotic dialysis access shunts and who had previous experience of PTA without sedation, analgesia, and anesthesia were included. The access type in all patients was native arteriovenous fistulae in the forearm.

Kommerell Diverticulum in Adults: Evaluation of Routine CT Examinations.

Unlabelled: Objection: To evaluate of Kommerell diverticulum (KD) in adults during routine CT examinations.

Material And Methods: Eighty-seven cases of left aortic arch with aberrant right subclavian artery (LAARS) and 28 cases of right aortic arch with aberrant left subclavian artery (RAALS) were found on routine CT examinations using 64-128 multidetector CT. We assessed the incidence of KD and measured the size of KD, and compared the results between both groups.

Aortic Intimal Sarcoma Contributes to Atherosclerotic Renovascular Hypertension: An Autopsy Case Report and Review of the Literature.

An autopsy of a 70-year-old man with multiple bone metastases from a malignancy of unknown origin (MUO) and renovascular hypertension revealed an aortic intimal sarcoma (AIS) in the right renal artery accompanied by atherosclerotic changes. AIS appeared as aggregated mutton fat-like translucent particles arising from the intima of the branching portion of the right renal artery and was composed of undifferentiated, fine spindle cells with thicket-like proliferation. AIS was confirmed by immunohistopathology, showing the loss of the lumen lined by CD31-positive endothelium and the expression of CD31, keratin, and vimentin in the viable part of the tumor.

Combination of prostate imaging reporting and data system (PI-RADS) score and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) density predicts biopsy outcome in prostate biopsy naïve patients.

Objective: To assess the value of the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) scoring system, for prostate multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) to detect prostate cancer, and classical parameters, such as prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, prostate volume and PSA density, for predicting biopsy outcome in biopsy naïve patients who have suspected prostate cancer.

Patients And Methods: Patients who underwent mpMRI at our hospital, and who had their first prostate biopsy between July 2010 and April 2014, were analysed retrospectively. The prostate biopsies were taken transperineally under transrectal ultrasonography guidance.

Feasibility of Non-contrast-enhanced MR Angiography Using the Time-SLIP Technique for the Assessment of Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformation.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of non-contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography with time-spatial labeling inversion pulse (time-SLIP MRA) in the assessment of pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM).

Methods: Eleven consecutive patients with 38 documented PAVMs underwent time-SLIP MRA with a 3-tesla unit. Eight patients with 25 lesions were examined twice, once before and once after embolotherapy.

A retrospective analysis of computed tomography findings in patients with pulmonary complications after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to review the high-resolution computed tomography (CT) findings in patients with pulmonary complications after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), and to evaluate the relationship between CT findings and clinical outcomes.

Patients And Methods: We collected the clinical data in 96 consecutive patients who underwent CT scan for pulmonary complications after allogeneic HSCT and analyzed the relationships among these clinical characteristics, CT findings and clinical responses. Radiologists who were blinded to clinical information evaluated the CT findings.

Use of intra-arterial nitroglycerin during uterine artery embolization for severe postpartum hemorrhage with uterine artery vasospasm.

Objective: Uterine artery embolization (UAE) is a standard method for treating postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), although uterine artery vasospasm during UAE may lead to failure of hemostasis. Here, we report our experience with a case of PPH in which the bleeding was successfully controlled by intra-arterial administration of nitroglycerin during the second UAE.

Case Report: A 30-year-old woman experienced PPH following a successful cesarean section, and a UAE was performed.

Evaluation of Renal Artery Anomalies Associated with Horseshoe Kidney Using CT Angiography.

Purpose: To evaluate the incidence of supernumerary renal arteries in horseshoe kidney (HSK) patients, focusing on number and diameters using computed tomographic angiography (CTA).

Material And Methods: Thirty-nine patients with HSK and 103 patients with normal kidney (NK) underwent 64 or 128 multidetector CT. Based on 2-dimensional CT, including multiplanar reconstruction, maximum intensity projection, and volume-rendered images with a 0.

Successful endovascular treatment of iatrogenic thyrocervical trunk pseudoaneurysm with concomitant arteriovenous fistula using 0.010-inch detachable microcoils.

Pseudoaneurysms (PsA) and arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) of the thyrocervical trunk and its branches are rare complications of traumatic or iatrogenic arterial injuries. Most such injuries are iatrogenic and are associated with central venous catheterization. Historically, thyrocervical trunk PsA and AVF have been managed with open surgical repair; however, multiple treatment modalities are now available, including ultrasound-guided compression repair, ultrasound-guided thrombin injection, and endovascular repair with covered stent placement.

Secondary aortoduodenal fistula without gastrointestinal bleeding directly detected by CT and endoscopy.

We describe a 50-year-old man with a secondary aortoduodenal fistula who presented with high fever and right leg pain one year after undergoing an aortoiliac bypass with a polyester graft. Gangrene had developed in the right ankle, and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) revealed that the graft had penetrated the third duodenal segment and obstructed the right graft limb. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy confirmed that the graft had perforated the duodenum.