A Case of High-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy Under Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for Intraductal Papillary Neoplasm of the Bile Duct.

Intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct (IPNB) represents a relatively nascent pathological entity, recognized as a precancerous condition within the spectrum of cholangiocarcinoma. Surgical intervention is advocated for all patients with IPNB due to their susceptibility toward obstructive jaundice, cholangitis, and the heightened likelihood of malignant transformation. Nonetheless, the efficacy of radiation therapy for IPNB cases that are either inoperable or refractory remains inadequately substantiated.

Predicting risk factors for hypothyroidism after definitive radiotherapy for early glottic carcinomas.

Hypothyroidism may occur after definitive radiotherapy in rare cases of early glottic carcinoma. However, to the best of our knowledge, no study to date has examined the risk factors for hypothyroidism specifically after definitive radiotherapy in patients with early glottic carcinoma. The present study determined risk factors for hypothyroidism after definitive radiotherapy in patients with early glottic carcinoma.

Dosimetric Superiority of High-Dose-Rate (HDR) Brachytherapy Using a Surface Mold Applicator for Primary Cutaneous Angiosarcoma of the Scalp.

The aim of this study was to demonstrate the utility of the dose-volume parameters of the target lesions and the radiation dose to the organ at risk (OAR) in two patients with primary cutaneous angiosarcoma of the scalp (CAS) treated with high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) using a surface mold applicator. In 2020, two men, aged 80 years and 60 years, respectively, were treated with HDR-BT with paclitaxel for CAS with no distant metastases and no surgical indication at our institution. The total irradiated dose was 57 Gy administered in daily fractions of 3 Gy four days per week.

Mathematical evaluation of post-radiotherapy salivary gland function using salivary gland scintigraphy.

Objective: Xerostomia is the most common treatment-related toxicity after radiotherapy (RT) for head and neck carcinoma, reducing the quality of life of patients due to a decrease in salivary gland function.

Methods: Salivary gland scintigraphy was performed to quantitatively evaluate the salivary gland functions in patients undergoing RT. It was done chronologically for 62 salivary glands of 31 patients before RT and retested 12 months later.

Predicting factors for primary cervical cancer recurrence after definitive radiation therapy.

Objectives: The study aimed to retrospectively investigate the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of primary cervical cancer to examine the recurrence correlations in patients treated with radiotherapy (RT).

Methods: The ADC of 31 patients with cervical cancer treated with RT were analyzed as possible risk factors for recurrence. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the mean ADC (ADCmean) for the recurrence was generated to determine the cut-off value that yielded optimal sensitivity and specificity.

Evaluation of the relationship between the range of radiation-induced lung injury on CT images after IMRT for stage I lung cancer and dosimetric parameters.

Background: This study evaluated the correlation between radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) and dosimetric parameters on computed tomography (CT) images of stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients undergoing intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT).

Materials And Methods: Sixty-three stage I NSLC patients who underwent IMRT were enrolled in the study. The patients underwent CT within 6 months (acute phase) and 1.

Predictive factors for local control of early glottic squamous cell carcinomas after definitive radiotherapy.

The aim of the present study was to retrospectively investigate the risk factors of local failure for T1 glottic carcinoma irradiated with a prescription dose of 66 Gy. Between July 2006 and December 2017, 64 patients with T1 glottic squamous cell carcinoma treated with 66 Gy/33 fractions were analyzed for risk factors of local failure. The sex, age, performance status, T stage, overall treatment time, anterior commissure involvement, smoking status during/after treatment, histological tumor grade and pretreatment hemoglobin level were investigated.

Morphological changes of the thyroid gland as a new radiographic marker for lung cancer treatment efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Background: Fully human IgG4 programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint inhibitors are effective against non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). PD-1-targeted antibodies induce autoimmune adverse events that are not caused by conventional chemotherapy.

Purpose: To clarify the association between morphological changes of the thyroid gland and the efficacy of PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment for lung cancer.

Prognostic impact of solid tumor component diameter in early-stage non-small cell lung carcinoma treated with intensity-modulated fractionated radiotherapy: a retrospective analysis impact of solid tumor component diameter in NSCLC treated with IMRT.

Objective: To investigate the suitability of the new diameter-based subgroupings of the eighth edition Tumor Node Metastasis (TNM) classification system regarding radiotherapy treatment for early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we retrospectively re-analyzed the clinical data of patients treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy using non-coplanar beams (ncIMRT) for Stage I NSCLC.

Methods: Between March 2011 and March 2018, 92 patients with 94 tumors who were diagnosed with Stage I NSCLC according to the seventh edition TNM classification system were enrolled and underwent ncIMRT of 75 Gy in 30 fractions. Local control (LC), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were retrospectively investigated according to the T-classification subdivisions of the eighth edition and maximal solid tumor component diameter.

Phase II study of compensator-based non-coplanar intensity-modulated radiotherapy for Stage I non-small-cell lung cancer.

We conducted a Phase II study to evaluate the usefulness of compensator-based non-coplanar intensity-modulated radiotherapy (ncIMRT) for patients with surgically inaccessible Stage I non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Patients with pathologically proven or clinically diagnosed surgically inaccessible Stage I NSCLC were enrolled in this study from May 2011 to April 2014. These patients underwent ncIMRT of 75 Gy in 30 fractions regardless of the tumor location.

Predicting risk factors for radiation pneumonitis after stereotactic body radiation therapy for primary or metastatic lung tumours.

Objective: To investigate risk factors for radiation-induced pneumonitis (RP) after hypofractionated stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in patients with lung tumours.

Methods: From May 2004 to January 2016, 66 patients with 71 primary or metastatic lung tumours were treated with SBRT; these 71 cases were retrospectively analyzed for RP. To explore the risk factors for RP, the following factors were investigated: age, sex, performance status, operability, number of treatments, respiratory gating, pulmonary emphysema, tumour location and subclinical interstitial lung disease (ILD).

Feasibility of intensity-modulated radiotherapy combined with gemcitabine and S-1 for patients with pancreatic cancer.

The aim of the present study was to establish whether intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with concurrent gemcitabine and S-1 is a feasible treatment option for patients with locally advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma were prospectively enrolled. An IMRT dose of 50.

Impact of the duration of hormonal therapy following radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer.

External-beam radiotherapy (EBRT) combined with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is known to provide improved survival outcomes compared with EBRT alone in the treatment of prostate cancer; however, the use of ADT has been reported to be associated with adverse events. Accordingly, the aim of the present study was to clarify the adequate duration of ADT when combined with EBRT to treat patients with high-risk localized prostate cancer, with consideration of survival outcomes and toxicity. Between 2001 and 2011, 173 patients with high-risk localized prostate cancer received ADT combined with EBRT, at a median dose of 69.

Radiotherapy in patients with extramammary Paget's disease--our own experience and review of the literature.

Background: There are few reports on radiotherapy methods for treating extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD). The aim of this study was to explore the outcome of radiotherapy for EMPD.

Patients And Methods: Between June 1995 and October 2010, 14 patients with EMPD (7 male and 7 female; median age 77 years) underwent radiotherapy at the Tokyo Medical University Hospital.