Successful treatment with fenestration followed by daily decortication and negative-pressure wound therapy for acute exacerbation of chronic empyema: a case report.

Background: Most cases of chronic empyema are caused by acute thoracic empyema or tuberculous pleuritis. Open thoracotomy and decortication are traditional treatments for chronic empyema. However, some cases, such as those with thick calcifications around a large cavity, may be difficult to decorticate in a single surgery.

Survival after Lung Metastasectomy from Urothelial Carcinoma: A Multi-Institutional Database Study.

Background/objectives: The efficacy of lung metastasectomy in patients with urothelial carcinoma remains inconclusive, as there is only limited evidence from small studies. In this study, we aimed to assess the prognostic outcomes of excising pulmonary metastases from urothelial carcinoma.

Methods: In this study, we utilized data from the Metastatic Lung Tumor Study Group of Japan database, a multi-institutional prospective database of pulmonary metastasectomies.

Machine learning models from computed tomography to diagnose thymic epithelial tumors requiring combined resection.

Background: Minimally invasive approaches have been a standard choice of surgery for noninvasive thymic epithelial tumors (TETs), but we sometimes experience cases requiring combined resection of adjacent structures. We develop and validate machine learning models to predict combined resection based on preoperative contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT).

Methods: This study included 212 patients with TETs (140 in the training cohort and 72 in the validation cohort) who underwent radical surgery.

Time to Incurable Recurrence for Patients Treated With Pulmonary Metastasectomy for Colorectal Cancer.

Background: Probability of cure is important for patients with lung metastasis who must decide whether to undergo metastasectomy. Although progression-free survival (PFS) is thought to reflect this, it does not include curative effects by repeat metastasectomy. Thus, the authors developed a new indicator, time to incurable recurrence (TTIR), in which only incurable recurrence was set as an event that included death, with incurable recurrence defined as recurrence not treated by definitive local therapy (DLT), recurrence treated by DLT but with PFS maintained less than 2 years, or recurrence followed by re-recurrence.

Individual data meta-analysis for the study of survival after pulmonary metastasectomy in colorectal cancer patients: A history of resected liver metastases worsens the prognosis.

Objectives: To assess the impact of a history of liver metastases on survival in patients undergoing surgery for lung metastases from colorectal carcinoma.

Methods: We reviewed recent studies identified by searching MEDLINE and EMBASE using the Ovid interface, with the following search terms: lung metastasectomy, pulmonary metastasectomy, lung metastases and lung metastasis, supplemented by manual searching. Inclusion criteria were that the research concerned patients with lung metastases from colorectal cancer undergoing surgery with curative intent, and had been published between 2007 and 2014.

Lung Mycobacterium avium developed after removing an acupuncture needle from the lung.

Acupuncture needles can cause non-tuberculosis mycobacteria (NTM) infection on the skin, but there are no reports that acupuncture needles inserted into the lung have caused lung NTM infection. A 63-year-old woman, who underwent removal of a broken acupuncture needle inserted into the lung nine years ago, was admitted with nodules in the right lung. The shadow was positioned where the needle had existed.

What factors determine the survival of patients with an acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease after lung cancer resection?

Purposes: Acute exacerbation of interstitial pneumonia (AEIP) is a leading cause of death after lung cancer resection in patients with interstitial lung disease.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 1763 patients with non-small cell lung cancer with a clinical diagnosis of interstitial lung disease (ILD) who underwent lung cancer resection between 2000 and 2009 at 61 hospitals in Japan. AEIP occurred in 164 of 1763 (9.

Chylopericardium following thoracoscopic resection of a mediastinal cyst: A case report.

Introduction: Thoracic duct cysts are very rare, and diagnosis is often difficult. We report a rare case of chylopericardium following thoracic duct cyst resection. There are no established guidelines on the management of such cases.

Recent improvement of survival prognosis after pulmonary metastasectomy and advanced chemotherapy for patients with colorectal cancer.

Objectives: New chemotherapeutic regimens (i.e. FOLFOX or FOLFIRI with molecular targeted drugs) have improved the prognosis of patients with unresectable or recurrent colorectal cancer.

Thoracoscopic surgery versus open surgery for lung metastases of colorectal cancer: a multi-institutional retrospective analysis using propensity score adjustment†.

Objectives: Thoracoscopic surgery for lung metastasectomy remains controversial. The study aimed at determining the efficacy of thoracoscopic surgery for lung metastasectomy.

Methods: This was a multi-institutional, retrospective study that included 1047 patients who underwent lung metastasectomy for colorectal cancer between 1999 and 2014.

Surgical Intervention for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients with Pleural Carcinomatosis: Results From the Japanese Lung Cancer Registry in 2004.

Introduction: A subset of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with malignant pleural effusion and/or malignant pleural nodules is now classified as stage IV and is generally considered a contraindication to surgery. However, several reports have demonstrated that the prognosis of patients with pleural carcinomatosis first detected at thoracotomy is relatively favorable. The aim of this study was to describe the results of surgical intervention in NSCLC patients with pleural carcinomatosis in Japan.

Contaminants in tracked seabirds showing regional patterns of marine pollution.

Ocean-scale monitoring of pollution is challenging. Seabirds are useful indicators because they travel over a broad foraging range. Nevertheless, this coarse spatial resolution is not fine enough to discriminate pollution in a finer scale.

Prognostic factors after pulmonary metastasectomy for colorectal cancer and rationale for determining surgical indications: a retrospective analysis.

Objective: We aimed to identify prognostic factors after pulmonary metastasectomy for colorectal cancer and propose the clinical application of them. Furthermore, we endeavored to provide a rationale for pulmonary metastasesectomy.

Background: Several prognostic factors have been proposed, but clinical application of them remains unclear.

Changes in diagnostic strategies for hilar-type Castleman's disease: report of two cases.

Castleman's disease (CD) is rare and difficult to diagnose preoperatively. We report two similar cases of hyaline vascular type CD diagnosed preoperatively using different modalities. In the first case, a biopsy specimen taken during diagnostic thoracoscopy revealed lymphatic structure suggestive of CD.

Aberrant methylation of RASGRF2 and RASSF1A in human non-small cell lung cancer.

Aberrant methylation of promoter CpG that causes silencing of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) may play a key role in the carcinogenesis of many cancer types. RASSF1A, regarded as a TSG, has been extensively studied in lung cancer and other malignant tumors, whereas RASGRF2 has only been reported to possibly play a role in the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer cell lines. The aims of our study were to i) determine the methylation profile of RASGRF2 and ii) compare the methylation profiles of RASGRF2 with RASSF1A in lung cancer.

Spontaneous regression of bone metastasis from renal cell carcinoma; a case report.

Background: Spontaneous regression of metastatic renal cell carcinoma is rarely observed.

Case Presentation: Metastatic renal cell carcinoma was identified in a 70-year-old male using computed tomography-guided percutaneous needle biopsy. Two months after the diagnosis, a partial resection of the sternal bone was performed.

Aberrant methylation: common in thymic carcinomas, rare in thymomas.

Thymic carcinoma, which is a rare epithelial neoplasm of the thymus gland, is different from thymoma in its clinical and pathological features. To clarify the mechanism underlying the aggressive behavior of thymic carcinoma, we examined the clinicopathologic features, aberrant methylation patterns of the tumor suppressor genes, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRs) mutation in both thymic carcinomas and thymomas. Clinical data of 11 thymic cancers and 13 thymomas were reviewed.

Phase I study of vinorelbine plus gemcitabine as third-line chemotherapy for refractory non-small cell lung cancer.

For non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which is refractory for both platinum-based chemotherapy and docetaxel, no standard regimen has yet been established. We conducted a phase I study of a combination of vinorelbine and gemcitabine as third-line chemotherapy for refractory NSCLC to determine both the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and the recommended dose (RD). Twenty patients with NSCLC refractory for both platinum and docetaxel were enrolled, and all patients were eligible for this phase I study.

Aberrant methylation of FBN2 in human non-small cell lung cancer.

FBN2, a large modular extracellular matrix glycoprotein, is known to be a key component of human elastic fiber. A loss of FBN2 expression due to promoter methylation was recently identified in pancreatic cancer. We examined FBN2 expression by reverse transcription PCR and aberrant methylation of FBN2 by methylation specific PCR in lung cancer cell lines.

Multimodality therapy and significance of serum CYFRA21-1 for thymic carcinoma.

Thymic carcinoma is a rare mediastinal neoplasm with a poor prognosis due to delayed diagnosis and highly malignant behavior. To evaluate 7 serum tumor markers and the outcome of treatment, 11 stage III-IVb thymic carcinomas undergoing multimodality treatment were reviewed. High levels of serum CYFRA21-1 were detected in 5 patients (45%) and correlated with the progression of disease.

Tumor-draining lymph nodes of primary lung cancer patients: a potent source of tumor-specific killer cells and dendritic cells.

Background: The tumor-draining lymph node tissue (TDLT) of lung cancer patients generated killer cells specific to autologous tumor cells when cultured with low dose IL-2. This production of killer cells lasted as long as 2 months after the initiation of the culture (productive phase). Even after this productive phase, TDLT supported the generation of the killer cells when these were co-cultured with peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from the same patients.

[Pulmonary metastasectomy for osteosarcomas and soft tissue sarcomas].

To evaluate the efficacy of aggressive pulmonary metastasectomy for treating osteosarcomas and soft tissue sarcomas, we reviewed 105 cases treated in our hospital between 1990 and 2002. There were 57 males and 48 females, 44 osteosarcomas (OS), 21 synovial sarcomas (Syno), 16 malignant fibrous histiocytomas (MFH), 4 leiomyosarcomas (Leio), 4 alveolar soft part sarcomas (ASPS) and 16 others (including chondrosarcoma and liposarcoma). A total of 904 metastases were resected (8.

The prognostic value of both neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and Cyfra21-1 in small cell lung cancer.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to verify the prognostic significance of multiple tumour markers in small cell lung cancer (SCLC).

Patients And Methods: We examined seven tumour markers [carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cancer antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9), squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), cancer antigen 125 (CA125), cytokeratin 19 fragment (Cyfra21-1) and ProGastrin-releasing peptide (ProGRP)] in 57 small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients.

Results: Univariate analysis showed that NSE and Cyfra21-1 were independent negative prognostic factors along with gender, therapy and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH).

[An autopsy case of pseudomesotheliomatous adenocarcinoma of the lung complicated with brain stem infarction due to nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis].

A 53-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for back, left shoulder and upper limb pain. Chest radiography and CT on admission revealed right pleural effusion and a focal plate-like thickening of the major fissure. Pleural effusion cytology revealed adenocarcinoma, which was diagnosed as non-small-cell lung cancer with bone metastasis.