Changes in Healthcare Professionals' Practice Behaviors Through an Educational Intervention Targeting Weight Bias.

Objective: Weight bias is pervasive in healthcare and leads to worse patient outcomes. A uniquely designed 4-h continuing medical education (CME) intervention was assessed for changing healthcare professionals' (HCPs') weight biases and clinical practice behaviors.

Design: The intervention used a (1) pre/post design examining CME attendees' self-reported weight bias at baseline, after, and 4- and 12-month follow-up, and (2) post/post design examining obesity practice behaviors 12 months after intervention in attendees and non-attendees.

Behavioral medicine in the GLP-1 era.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonist medications are receiving high levels of attention because of their dramatic efficacy in causing weight loss. This commentary discusses several ways that those in behavioral medicine and health psychology might think about these medications-whether they should be fully in support of them or whether they pose a risk. The positive aspects of GLP-1s include their great promise in improving health independent of weight loss and the perspective that their efficacy frees individuals from the difficulties of behavioral weight maintenance and the associated stigma of "failing" to lose weight.

Intragenerational and Intergenerational Transmission of Food Insecurity: An Analysis of Black and White Women and Children From the NHLBI Growth and Health Study.

Background: Food insecurity (FI) continues to be a significant public health concern and is associated with myriad physical and mental health consequences. Increased understanding of conditions around its occurrence throughout the life course are needed. However, research has been limited due to inadequate measurement tools and study length.

Corrigendum: Neuroprotection by upregulation of the major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC I) in SOD1 mice.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.

Oligodendrocyte precursor cell-derived exosomes combined with cell therapy promote clinical recovery by immunomodulation and gliosis attenuation.

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system characterized by autoimmune destruction of the myelin sheath, leading to irreversible and progressive functional deficits in patients. Pre-clinical studies involving the use of neural stem cells (NSCs) have already demonstrated their potential in neuronal regeneration and remyelination. However, the exclusive application of cell therapy has not proved sufficient to achieve satisfactory therapeutic levels.

Psychosocial Disadvantage During Childhood and Midlife Health: NIMHD Social Epigenomics Program.

Importance: Low childhood socioeconomic status (SES) is a social hallmark of aging that contributes to adult health disparities and earlier morbidity and mortality. Childhood perceptions of stress are associated with child health outcomes and may contribute to premature biological aging into adulthood.

Objective: To describe the association of childhood SES and perceived stress with midlife insulin resistance and epigenetic age and to explore whether late adolescent adiposity mediates the observed associations.

A brief induction of loving kindness meditation to reduce anti-fat bias.

Weight stigma is highly prevalent. However, existing weight stigma interventions are only modestly effective at reducing anti-fat attitudes. The current research proposes a novel approach using a loving kindness meditation (LKM).

A novel weight suppression score associates with distinct eating disorder and ultra-processed food symptoms compared to the traditional weight suppression measure among adults seeking outpatient nutrition counseling.

Background: Weight suppression has been defined as diet-induced weight loss, traditionally operationalized as the difference between one's highest and current weight. This concept has been studied in the context of eating disorders, but its value in predicting treatment outcomes has been inconsistent, which may be partially attributed to its calculation.

Method: The current study operationalizes a novel weight suppression score, reflecting the midpoint between the lowest and highest adult weights among adults (N = 287, ages 21-75, 73.

Ecological Momentary Assessment of Weight Stigma and Eating Behavior in Everyday Life.

Background: Weight stigma is widespread, but the existing literature on its harmful consequences remains largely limited to lab-based experiments and large-scale longitudinal designs.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand how weight stigma unfolds in everyday life, and whether it predicts increased eating behavior.

Methods: In this event-contingent ecological momentary assessment study, 91 participants reported every time they experienced weight stigma and documented whether they ate, how much they ate, and what they ate.

Social class stigma and poorer health behaviors: Evidence from the eating in America study.

Although the association between objective markers of low socioeconomic status (SES) and poor health is well established, one underexamined possibility is that over and above objective SES, social class stigma-experiences and anticipation of discrimination based on social class-might undermine people's ability to engage in healthy behaviors. Participants (N = 2022) were recruited between December 2019 and January 2020 via a national Qualtrics panel that was census-matched to the U.S.

Food insecurity, poor diet, and metabolic measures: The roles of stress and cortisol.

Food insecurity is highly prevalent and linked to poorer diet and worse metabolic outcomes. Food insecurity can be stressful, and could elicit chronic psychological and physiological stress. In this study, we tested whether stress could be used to identify those at highest risk for worse diet and metabolic measures from food insecurity.

Examining the effect of weight-related recruitment information on participant characteristics: A randomized field experiment.

Objective: Although 82% of American adults have a body mass index (BMI) of over 25, individuals with elevated BMI are considered difficult to recruit for studies. Effective participant identification and recruitment are crucial to minimize the likelihood of sampling bias. One understudied factor that could lead to sampling bias is the study information presented in recruitment materials.

KLC1-ROS1 Fusion Exerts Oncogenic Properties of Glioma Cells via Specific Activation of JAK-STAT Pathway.

Here, we investigated the detailed molecular oncogenic mechanisms of a novel receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) fusion, , with an adapter molecule, KLC1, and an RTK, ROS1, discovered in pediatric glioma, and we explored a novel therapeutic target for glioma that possesses oncogenic RTK fusion. When wild-type and fusions were stably expressed in the human glioma cell lines A172 and U343MG, immunoblotting revealed that fusion specifically activated the JAK2-STAT3 pathway, a major RTK downstream signaling pathway, when compared with wild-type . Immunoprecipitation of the fractionated cell lysates revealed a more abundant association of the KLC1-ROS1 fusion with JAK2 than that observed for wild-type ROS1 in the cytosolic fraction.

Longitudinal associations between adolescent skin color satisfaction and adult health outcomes in Black women.

Objective: Although emerging studies examine the inverse relationship between body satisfaction and disordered eating for Black women, it has not been established how racially salient aspects of body satisfaction may have implications for eating behaviors and longitudinal health outcomes.

Method: In a longitudinal sample of 455 Black women, we examined whether skin color satisfaction across ages 10-15 was directly related to adult health outcomes at age 40 (e.g.

Hyperbaric hydrogen therapy improves secondary brain injury after head trauma.

Background: The pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury (TBI) is caused by the initial physical damage and by the subsequent biochemical damage (secondary brain injury). Oxidative stress is deeply involved in secondary brain injury, so molecular hydrogen therapy may be effective for TBI. Hydrogen gas shows the optimal effect at concentrations of 2% or higher, but can only be used up to 1.

Effectiveness of Keyhole Clipping of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms Detected by "Brain Dock" in Healthy Japanese Adults.

In Japan, brain docking has enhanced the detection of unruptured intracranial aneurysms in healthy adults. At our institution, surgical clipping is the first-line treatment for unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIA). In this study, the differences in neurological and radiological outcomes, as well as cognitive and psychological results, between standard clipping and keyhole clipping for these aneurysms detected via brain docking were evaluated.

Visual cues and food intake: A preregistered replication of Wansink et al. (2005).

Imagine a bowl of soup that never emptied, no matter how many spoonfuls you ate-when and how would you know to stop eating? Satiation can play a role in regulating eating behavior, but research suggests visual cues may be just as important. In a seminal study by Wansink et al. (2005), researchers used self-refilling bowls to assess how visual cues of portion size would influence intake.

Neuroprotection by upregulation of the major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC I) in SOD1 mice.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease that progressively affects motoneurons, causing muscle atrophy and evolving to death. Astrocytes inhibit the expression of MHC-I by neurons, contributing to a degenerative outcome. The present study verified the influence of interferon β (IFN β) treatment, a proinflammatory cytokine that upregulates MHC-I expression, in SOD1 transgenic mice.

Longitudinal Stability of Disordered-Eating Symptoms From Age 12 to 40 in Black and White Women.

The purpose of the current study was to test the longitudinal association between disordered eating symptoms (body dissatisfaction, drive for thinness and bulimia) in adolescence (ages 12, 14, 16, 18, 19) and adulthood (age 40) in a sample of 883 white and Black women. We also investigated moderation by race. Adolescent symptoms at each time point significantly predicted adulthood symptoms for the body dissatisfaction and drive for thinness subscales, for both Black and white women.