Glaucoma progression due to refraining examination amid the pandemic of COVID-19.

Purpose: Some patients refrained from seeking an ophthalmologist due to the anxiety and morbidity associated with the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. We investigated progressive visual field defects in patients with glaucoma who refrained from ophthalmological examinations.

Methods: This was a retrospective study.

Three-year efficacy and safety of omidenepag isopropyl in patients with normal tension glaucoma.

Purpose: To retrospectively evaluate the 3-year efficacy and safety of single-agent omidenepag isopropyl in patients with normal tension glaucoma (NTG).

Study Design: Retrospective.

Methods: One hundred patients (100 eyes) who had newly been administered omidenepag isopropyl were enrolled in this study.

Effects of Deep Optic Nerve Head Structures on Bruch's Membrane Opening- Minimum Rim Width and Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer.

Purpose: To explore the effects of deep optic nerve head (ONH) structures on Bruch's membrane opening (BMO)-minimum rim width (MRW) and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (pRNFLT) in healthy eyes.

Design: Prospective cross-sectional study.

Methods: Two hundred five healthy eyes of 141 subjects (mean ± standard deviation of age and axial length (AXL): 46.

Switching to Brimonidine/Ripasudil Fixed Combination from Brimonidine + Ripasudil.

Purpose: A fixed-combination eye drop has several advantages over combination therapy, however, the intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering efficacy and safety of the newly available brimonidine + ripasudil fixed-combination (BRFC) eye drops after switching from brimonidine + ripasudil is yet to be established. Therefore, this study aimed to retrospectively investigate the 6-month safety, usability, and IOP-lowering efficacy of BRFC switched from brimonidine and ripasudil.

Patients And Methods: Overall, 69 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (69 eyes) receiving brimonidine + ripasudil were enrolled in this study.

Association of Bergmeister Papilla and Deep Optic Nerve Head Structures With Prelaminar Schisis of Normal and Glaucomatous Eyes.

Purpose: To investigate factors associated with the severity of prelaminar schisis (PLS) in heathy subjects and glaucoma patients.

Design: Prospective cross-sectional study.

Methods: A total of 217 eyes of 217 subjects (110 normal eyes and 107 open angle glaucoma eyes) were studied.

Deep Optic Nerve Head Structures Associated With Increasing Axial Length in Healthy Myopic Eyes of Moderate Axial Length.

Purpose: To elucidate which swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT)-derived optic nerve head (ONH) parameters are associated with longer axial length (AXL) in healthy myopic eyes.

Design: Prospective cross-sectional observational study.

Methods: Two hundred eleven healthy eyes of 140 participants (96 emmetropic-mild myopic [AXL: 22.

Intraocular pressure-lowering effects and safety of brimonidine/brinzolamide fixed combination after switching from other medications.

Purpose: To investigate the effects of switching to brimonidine/brinzolamide fixed combination (BBFC) eye drops on intraocular pressure (IOP) and safety.

Study Design: A retrospective observational study.

Methods: We enrolled 238 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension who were switched to BBFC eye drops, from June 2020 to March 2021 from their previous medications without a washout period.

One-Year Efficacy and Safety of Omidenepag Isopropyl in Patients with Normal-Tension Glaucoma.

To retrospectively evaluate the 1-year efficacy and safety of single-agent of omidenepag isopropyl in patients with normal-tension glaucoma (NTG). One hundred patients (100 eyes) newly administered omidenepag isopropyl were enrolled. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was compared at baseline and 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after administration.

Frequency of Use of Fixed-Combination Eye Drops by Patients with Glaucoma at Multiple Private Practices in Japan.

Purpose: To investigate the current use of fixed-combination eye drops by patients with glaucoma in Japan.

Patients And Methods: A total of 5303 outpatients (5303 eyes) with glaucoma or ocular hypertension were enrolled in the survey at 78 private practices from March 8 to 14, 2020. The medications they used were investigated.

Periocular Adverse Reactions to Omidenepag Isopropyl.

Purpose: To investigate the periocular adverse reactions to omidenepag isopropyl (OMDI).

Design: Nonrandomized comparative clinical study.

Methods: We enrolled 100 patients (100 eyes) with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension who received initial treatment with OMDI or tafluprost in only 1 eye for ≥6 months.

Characterization of laser speckle flowgraphy pulse waveform parameters for the evaluation of the optic nerve head and retinal circulation.

To characterize laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG) pulse waveform parameters for ocular circulation evaluation, a multicenter, prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted in 111 eyes of 86 healthy Japanese individuals. Optic nerve head (ONH) tissue-area, vessel-area mean blur rate (MT and MV, respectively), and MT and MV pulse waveform parameters were obtained using LSFG and ONH structural parameters using planimetry. Multivariate linear mixed-effects modeled regression analysis identified factors contributing to MT- or MV-waveforms using age, gender, smoking history, body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, intraocular pressure, axial length, disc, rim, and β-peripapillary atrophy areas, MT or MV, central retinal artery, and vein equivalents (CRAE and CRVE) as explanatory variables.

Evaluation of the relationship between glaucomatous disc subtypes and occurrence of disc hemorrhage and glaucoma progression in open angle glaucoma.

To compare the occurrence of disc hemorrhages (DH) and glaucoma progression in open-angle glaucoma (OAG) patients with different glaucomatous disc types. Prospective, hospital-based, observational cohort study. OAG patients examined between 2000 and 2005, whose discs were classified as typical myopic glaucomatous (MG), generalized enlargement of cup (GE), or focal glaucomatous (FG) disc type were included and followed for 5 years.

Short-Term Efficacy and Safety of Omidenepag Isopropyl in Patients with Normal-Tension Glaucoma.

Purpose: To retrospectively evaluate the short-term efficacy of omidenepag isopropyl (EYBELIS 0.002%) by assessing its intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering capability and safety in patients with normal-tension glaucoma (NTG).

Patients And Methods: Fifty-four NTG patients (54 eyes) who were newly administrated with omidenepag isopropyl were enrolled in the study.

Spatial and Temporal Relationship between Structural Progression and Disc Hemorrhage in Glaucoma in a 3-Year Prospective Study.

Purpose: To investigate the spatial and temporal relationship between disc hemorrhage (DH) and structural progression in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in a 3-year prospective study.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Participants: Patients with POAG and intraocular pressure of ≤18 mmHg on monotherapy with prostaglandin analogs.

Short-Term Efficacy and Safety of Switching from a Latanoprost/Timolol Fixed Combination to a Latanoprost/Carteolol Fixed Combination.

Purpose: To investigate the short-term intraocular pressure-lowering efficacy and safety of switching from a fixed combination of latanoprost/timolol to a fixed combination of latanoprost/carteolol.

Patients And Methods: The subjects were 30 eyes of 30 adult patients with primary open-angle glaucoma, normal-tension glaucoma, or ocular hypertension who were using a latanoprost-/timolol-fixed combination with insufficient intraocular pressure-lowering efficacy or adverse reactions. The subjects were switched from once-daily latanoprost/timolol to once-daily latanoprost/carteolol with no washout interval.

One-Year Efficacy and Safety Assessment of Ripasudil, a Rho Kinase Inhibitor, in an Addition to or Replacing Existing Treatment Regimens: A Retrospective Study.

To evaluate efficacy and safety of ripasudil for 1 year in addition to or replacing existing treatment regimens. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records for 128 eyes of 128 glaucoma patients who were prescribed ripasudil as an addition to or a switch from their preexisting antiglaucoma instillations. We investigated the rate and factors for discontinuation and intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction.

Incidence and Risk Factors of Iatrogenic Retinal Breaks: 20-Gauge versus 25-Gauge Vitrectomy for Idiopathic Macular Hole Repair.

Purpose: We compared the incidences of iatrogenic retinal breaks and postoperative retinal detachment between eyes that underwent 20-gauge vitrectomy and those that underwent 25-gauge vitrectomy for idiopathic macular hole repair.

Methods: This retrospective nonrandomized consecutive observational case series included 185 eyes of 183 patients (130 eyes of 129 patients and 55 eyes of 54 patients in the 20- and 25-gauge groups, respectively). We assessed the relationship between the incidence of retinal breaks and postoperative retinal detachment and related this to posterior vitreous detachment and lattice degeneration.

A scoping review and network meta-analysis for efficacy and safety of glaucoma medication in Japanese patients.

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy and safety of glaucoma medication in Japanese patients, network meta-analysis (NMA) of an intraocular pressure(IOP) reduction, adverse reaction rates and conjunctival congestion rates of major glaucoma drugs used in clinical practice in Japan were conducted using the new drug application (NDA) data.

Study Design: Scoping network meta-analysis.

Methods: Out of all clinical trials in the interview forms of major glaucoma drugs approved in Japan as of July 2015, active-control clinical trials with Japanese patients were identified through screening with specific criteria.

Pulse Waveform Analysis of the Ocular Blood Flow Using Laser Speckle Flowgraphy before and after Glaucoma Treatment.

Although reduction in intraocular pressure (IOP) is the principle of glaucoma treatment, impaired ocular blood flow is believed to play a role in the progression of glaucoma. This study evaluated the effect of glaucoma treatment on pulse waveforms for optic nerve head (ONH) microcirculation in patients with glaucoma. Fifty-one subjects were included on the basis of the glaucoma treatment administered, which involved instillation of prostaglandin (PG) analogs (PG group;  = 28) or trabeculectomy (trabeculectomy group;  = 23).

Choroidal thickness and intraocular pressure after 25-gauge and 23-gauge vitrectomy for idiopathic epiretinal membrane.

Purpose: To determine the relationship between the subfoveal choroidal thickness (SCT) and intraocular pressure (IOP) following 25-gauge (25G) and 23-gauge (23G) vitrectomy for idiopathic epiretinal membrane (ERM).

Study Design: Retrospective, consecutive, interventional case series.

Methods: Sixty-two patients undergoing 25G vitrectomy and 56 patients undergoing 23G vitrectomy for ERM participated.

Changes in corneal endothelial cell shape after treatment with one drop of ROCK inhibitor.

Purpose: We performed an investigation of the temporal impact on corneal endothelial cell (CEC) shape after ophthalmic instillation of one drop of the ROCK inhibitor, ripasudil.

Methods: Subjects comprised 32 healthy adult volunteers, each of whom instilled ripasudil in the right eye. CEC shape [defined as CEC density (CECD), coefficient of variation (CV), and hexagonal cell rate (6A)], central corneal thickness (CCT), intraocular pressure (IOP), and conjunctival hyperemia were evaluated before instillation (baseline) and at 15 min, 1 h, 2 h, and 4-6 h after instillation by non-contact specular microscopy and slit-lamp microscopy.

Macular vessel density in untreated normal tension glaucoma with a hemifield defect.

Purpose: To investigate macular vessel density (MVD) and structural alterations in untreated normal tension glaucoma (NTG) with a hemifield defect (HFD) and to compare these with the findings in healthy eyes.

Study Design: Case series with a healthy group for comparison.

Methods: Thirty-four eyes of 34 untreated NTG patients with HFD and 28 eyes of 28 healthy subjects were enrolled.

Factors Related to Superior and Inferior Hemifield Defects in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma.

Purpose: We aimed to investigate factors related to superior and inferior hemifield defects in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).

Methods: Sixty-seven subjects with newly diagnosed, untreated POAG underwent optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the disc area, macular ganglion cell complex (mGCC), and circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (cpRNFL) thickness within 6 months of the visual field (VF) test. Based on the VF and OCT results, 40 subjects had a superior and 27 an inferior hemifield defect.