Publications by authors named "Tomio Matsumura"

Background: RAS homolog family member A (RhoA), a member of the Rho family of small GTPases, and Vav1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho family GTPases, have been reported to activate pathways related to the actin cytoskeleton and regulation of cell shape, attachment, and motility. The interaction between these molecules in lymphoma is involved in malignant signaling, but its function in epithelial malignancy is unknown. Here, we investigated the malignant signal of mutant RhoA in gastric cancer and demonstrated the potential of RhoA G17E/Vav1 as a therapeutic target for diffuse gastric cancer.

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This review briefly describes the virus classification, clinical signs, epidemiology, diagnosis, disinfection, and vaccines related equine group A rotavirus (RVA) infection. Equine RVA is one of the most important pathogens causing diarrhoea in foals. The main transmission route is faecal-oral, and the clinical signs are diarrhoea, fever, lethargy, and anorexia (decreased suckling).

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APS001F is a strain of Bifidobacterium longum genetically engineered to express cytosine deaminase that converts 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) to 5-fluorouracil. In the present study, antitumor effects of APS001F plus 5-FC (APS001F/5-FC) in combination with anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody were investigated using a CT26 syngeneic mouse model. Both of dosing of APS001F/5-FC before and after anti-PD-1 mAb in the combination dosing exhibited antitumor effects as well as prolonged survival over the nontreated control.

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KRAS‑mutant colorectal cancer (CRC) is a highly malignant cancer with a poor prognosis, however specific therapies targeting KRAS mutations do not yet exist. Anti‑epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) agents, including cetuximab and panitumumab, are effective for the treatment of certain patients with CRC. However, these anti‑EGFR treatments have no effect on KRAS‑mutant CRC.

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The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a transcription factor known as a dioxin receptor. Recently, Ahr mice were revealed to develop cecal tumors with inflammation and Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation. However, whether β-catenin degradation is AhR dependent remains unclear.

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Background: Equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) infection is a major cause of pyrexias in winter among Japanese racehorses. In 2014-2015, the Japan Racing Association (JRA) changed the EHV-1 vaccine from an inactivated vaccine to a live vaccine (both produced by Nisseiken). To evaluate the effect of changing the vaccines, the capacities of these vaccines to induce virus-neutralizing (VN) antibodies were compared, and an epizootiological investigation of EHV-1 was performed at the JRA Ritto Training Center during epizootic periods from 2010-2011 to 2016-2017.

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Immune responses were compared after intranasal (IN) and intramuscular (IM) vaccination of horses with a modified live equine herpesvirus type-1 (EHV-1) vaccine, and the protective effect after EHV-1 challenge was evaluated. IN- and IM-vaccinated groups (n = 5 each) showed significant rises in serum virus-neutralizing titers with increased levels of IgGa and IgGb antibodies after the first vaccination (P < 0.05).

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Fascin1 is an actin-bundling protein involved in cancer cell migration and has recently been shown also to have roles in virus-mediated immune cell responses. Because viral infection has been shown to activate immune cells and to induce interferon-β expression in human cancer cells, we evaluated the effects of fascin1 on virus-dependent signaling via the membrane- and actin-associated protein RIG-I (retinoic acid-inducible gene I) in colon cancer cells. We knocked down fascin1 expression with shRNA retrovirally transduced into a DLD-1 colon cancer and L929 fibroblast-like cell lines and used luciferase reporter assays and co-immunoprecipitation to identify fascin1 targets.

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Primary lung cancer is the most frequent cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Cisplatin has been used as a key drug in the treatment for patients with lung cancer; however, most of the patients failed to respond to cisplatin within several months, and the mechanisms underlying the cisplatin resistance have not been fully elucidated. Apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC) is a key adaptor protein in the formation of inflammasomes.

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Cholangiocarcinoma (CCC) is a strongly aggressive malignancy for which surgical resection is the only potential curative therapy. Sorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor of the RAF/MEK/ERK pathway, is a molecular-targeted drug that is approved for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) but not for CCC. The differences in signaling pathway characteristics under sorafenib treatment between HCC (HLF, Huh7, PLC/PRF/5) and CCC (RBE, YSCCC, Huh28) cell lines were therefore investigated using cell proliferation, western blotting, and apoptosis analyses.

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Equine influenza (EI) vaccine has been widely used. However, the causative EI virus (H3N8) undergoes continuous antigenic drift, and the vaccine strains must be periodically reviewed and if necessary, updated to maintain vaccine efficacy against circulating viruses. In 2016, the Japanese vaccine was updated by replacing the old viruses with the Florida sub-lineage Clade (Fc) 2 virus, A/equine/Yokohama/aq13/2010 (Y10).

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The n-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), found in fish oil, exert a number of beneficial effects, and they are used in the treatment of hyperlipidemia. In recent years, EPA and DHA have been found to affect cancer cell proliferation. In the present study, PC3 cells, which are androgen-independent prostate cancer cells that resemble castration-resistant prostate cancer cells, were used to investigate a possible novel treatment for castration-resistant prostate cancer.

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Equine influenza (EI) is a respiratory disease caused by equine influenza A virus (EIV, H3N8) infection. Rapid diagnosis is essential to limit the disease spread. We previously reported that some rapid antigen detection (RAD) tests are fit for diagnosing EI although their sensitivity is not optimal.

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ASC (apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD) is a key adaptor molecule of inflammasomes that mediates inflammatory and apoptotic signals. Aberrant methylation-induced silencing of ASC has been observed in a variety of cancer cells, thus implicating ASC in tumor suppression, although this role remains incompletely defined especially in the context of closely neighboring cell proliferation. As ASC has been confirmed to be silenced by abnormal methylation in HT1080 fibrosarcoma cells as well, this cell line was investigated to characterize the precise role and mechanism of ASC in tumor progression.

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We previously reported that horse antiserum against the Japanese equine influenza vaccine virus, A/equine/La Plata/1993 (LP93) exhibited reduced cross-neutralization against some Florida sublineage Clade (Fc) 2 viruses, for example, A/equine/Carlow/2011 (CL11). As a result, Japanese vaccine manufacturers will replace LP93 with A/equine/Yokohama/aq13/2010 (Y10, Fc2). To assess the benefit of updating the vaccine, five horses vaccinated with inactivated Y10 vaccine and five vaccinated with inactivated LP93 were challenged by exposure to a nebulized aerosol of CL11.

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Disorders of cytoskeletal remodeling and signal transduction are frequently involved in cancer progression. In particular, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase-recruitment domain (ASC) has been reported a proapoptotic molecule that is epigenetically silenced in several human cancers. ASC is a well-characterized adaptor protein involved in the formation of multiprotein oligomers, called inflammasomes, and plays a crucial role in the activation and secretion of interleukin-1β and interleukin-18 in innate immune cells.

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Background: Equine influenza (EI) is a highly contagious disease caused by viruses of the H3N8 subtype. The rapid diagnosis of EI is essential to reduce the disease spread. Many rapid antigen detection (RAD) tests for diagnosing human influenza are available, but their ability to diagnose EI has not been systematically evaluated.

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Equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) has haemagglutination (HA) activity toward equine red blood cells (RBCs), but the identity of its haemagglutinin is unknown. To identify the haemagglutinin of EHV-1, the major glycoproteins of EHV-1 were expressed in 293T cells, and the cells or cell lysates were mixed with equine RBCs. The results showed that only EHV-1 glycoprotein C (gC)-producing cells adsorbed equine RBCs, and that the lysate of EHV-1 gC-expressing cells agglutinated equine RBCs.

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Equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) is a major cause of winter pyrexia in racehorses in two training centers (Ritto and Miho) in Japan. Until the epizootic period of 2008-2009, a vaccination program using a killed EHV-1 vaccine targeted only susceptible 3-year-old horses with low antibody levels to EHV-1 antigens. However, because the protective effect was not satisfactory, in 2009-2010 the vaccination program was altered to target all 3-year-old horses.

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Objectives: To assess apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC) expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and analyze its clinical and pathological significance.

Study Design: ASC expression was studied using immunohistochemistry in 119 OSCCs patients. The relationships between ASC expression and clinical and pathological parameters were statistically analyzed.

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Virus-neutralizing (VN) testing is essential for evaluating virus-specific immunity in equine herpesvirus type-1 (EHV-1) infection. We developed a focus-reduction neutralization test (FRNT) for EHV-1 using 96-well plates for faster large-scale testing with sufficient sensitivity. We used an overlay medium containing Avicel (FMC Biopolymer), a microcrystalline cellulose with lower viscosity than the methylcellulose.

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A major immunogenic region of equine herpesvirus (EHV)-1 glycoprotein E (gE) was identified. Firstly, the various fragments of EHV-1 gE were expressed as fusion proteins with glutathione S-transferase (GST) in Escherichia coli and their antigenicities were compared by immunoblot analysis using sera from horses experimentally infected with EHV-1. Thirty-three amino acids of gE (a.

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Non-specific hemolysis has often been observed during complement-fixation (CF) tests for equine herpesvirus type-1 (EHV-1), even when the sera have virus-specific CF antibodies. This phenomenon has also been reported in CF tests for various infectious diseases of swine. We found that the sera from 22 of 85 field horses (25.

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Background: Both the G3P[12] and the G14P[12] type of equine group A rotavirus (RVA) have recently become predominant in many countries, including Japan. G3 types are classified further into G3A and G3B. The G3A viruses have been circulating in Europe, Australia, and Argentina, and the G3B viruses have been circulating in Japan.

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Background: Since equine influenza A virus (H3N8) was transmitted to dogs in the United States in 2004, the causative virus, which is called canine influenza A virus (CIV), has become widespread in dogs. To date, it has remained unclear whether or not CIV-infected dogs could transmit CIV to horses. To address this, we tested whether or not close contact between horses and dogs experimentally infected with CIV would result in its interspecies transmission.

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