The initial results of MRI-TRUS fusion prostate biopsy in high volume tertiary center.

Background: Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) is a prerequisite for targeted prostate biopsy. The aim of our study was to evaluate the performance and learning curve of the mpMRI-transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) software image fusion (MRI-TRUS fusion) biopsy (BX) process in the first year after its introduction in our urology department.

Patients And Methods: MRI-TRUS fusion BX was performed in 293 patients with at least one Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System (PIRADS) ≥3 lesion.

Does tumor rupture during robot-assisted partial nephrectomy have an impact on mid-term tumor recurrences?

Background: Intraoperative kidney tumor rupture (TR) can occur during robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) in daily clinical practice, but there are no solid guidelines on the management and implications of it. The purpose of the study was to investigate the impact of TR on tumor recurrences, what a surgeon should do if this adverse event occurs, and how to avoid it.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the first 100 patients who underwent RAPN at University Medical Centre Ljubljana, between 2018 and 2021.

Basal Cell Carcinoma of the Prostate Misdiagnosed as High-Grade Urothelial Cancer - A Case Report of a Diagnostic Pitfall.

Purpose: Basal cell carcinoma of the prostate is rare. Usually, it is diagnosed in elderly men with nocturia, urgency, lower urinary tract obstruction and normal PSA.

Case Presentation: We report on a case of a 56-years-old patient who presented at the emergency ward with weight loss, nausea and vomiting.

Dendritic cell-based vaccine prolongs survival and time to next therapy independently of the vaccine cell number.

In 2009, new EU legislation regulating advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs), consisting of gene therapy, tissue engineering and cell-based medicines, was introduced. Although less than 20 ATMPs were authorized since that time, the awarding of the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 2018 revived interest in developing new cancer immunotherapies involving significant manipulation of the patient's own immune cells, including lymphocytes and dendritic cells. The lymphocytes are mainly thought to directly affect tumour cells, dendritic cells are involved in indirect mechanisms by antigen presentation to other leukocytes orchestrating the immune response.

Detrimental Effect of Various Preparations of the Human Amniotic Membrane Homogenate on the 2D and 3D Bladder Cancer Models.

Despite being among the ten most common cancers with high recurrence rates worldwide, there have been no major breakthroughs in the standard treatment options for bladder cancer in recent years. The use of a human amniotic membrane (hAM) to treat cancer is one of the promising ideas that have emerged in recent years. This study aimed to investigate the anticancer activity of hAM homogenate on 2D and 3D cancer models.

The performance of the Xpert Bladder Cancer Monitor Test and voided urinary cytology in the follow-up of urinary bladder tumors.

Background: Cystoscopy in complement with urinary cytology represents the gold standard for the follow-up of patients with urinary bladder tumours. Xpert Bladder Cancer Monitor Test (XBC) is a novel mRNA-based urine test for bladder cancer surveillance. The aim of the study was to evaluate the performance of the XBC and voided urinary cytology (VUC) in the follow-up of bladder tumours.

Current and innovative approaches in the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: the role of transurethral resection of bladder tumor and organoids.

Background Bladder cancer is the 7th most common cancer in men. About 75% of all bladder cancer are non-muscle invasive (NMIBC). The golden standard for definite diagnosis and first-line treatment of NMIBC is transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURB).

The combination of AroCell TK 210 ELISA with Prostate Health Index or prostate-specific antigen density can improve the ability to differentiate prostate cancer from noncancerous conditions.

Background: Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is an established tumour marker for prostate cancer (PCa). Serum thymidine kinase 1 is a possible new marker for the detection of PCa. The aim of the study was to investigate the diagnostic value of the AroCell TK 210 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) together with free PSA, [-2]proPSA, and Prostate Health Index (PHI) in differentiating PCa from benign urological conditions.

Tumor marker α-fetoprotein receptor does not discriminate between benign prostatic disease and prostate cancer.

Background: The α-fetoprotein receptor (RECAF) is a proposed novel tumor marker for detecting several different types of tumors, including prostate cancer (PCa).

Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate RECAF in discriminating benign prostatic conditions from PCa and to compare it with prostate-specific antigen (PSA).

Material And Methods: A total of 64 patients with elevated serum PSA levels and/or abnormal digital rectal examination of the prostate referred to a tertiary center for transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) biopsy of the prostate were prospectively enrolled in the study from January 2009 to April 2010.

Endoscopic Removal of a Nitinol Mesh Stent from the Ureteropelvic Junction after 15 Years.

We report a rare case of a patient with a large stone encrusted on a nitinol mesh stent in the ureteropelvic junction. The stent was inserted in the year 2000 after failure of two pyeloplasty procedures performed due to symptomatic ureteropelvic junction stenosis. By combining minimally invasive urinary stone therapies-extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, semirigid ureterorenoscopy with laser lithotripsy, and percutaneous nephrolithotomy-it was possible to completely remove the encrusted stone and nitinol mesh stent that was implanted for 15 years, rendering the patient symptom and obstruction free.

Ureteral Injury with Delayed Massive Hematuria after Transvaginal Ultrasound-Guided Oocyte Retrieval.

We report a case of ureteral injury with delayed hematuria after transvaginal oocyte retrieval. A 28-year-old infertile patient with a history of previous laparoscopic resection of endometriotic nodes of both sacrouterine ligaments presented with abdominal pain one day after oocyte retrieval. Four days after oocyte retrieval, she presented with massive hematuria that reappeared 6 days after oocyte retrieval.

Diagnosis and treatment of bacterial prostatitis.

Prostate inflammation is a common syndrome, especially in men under 50. It usually presents with voiding symptoms and pain in the genitourinary area, and sometimes as sexual dysfunction. Based on clinical and laboratory characteristics, prostatitis is classified as acute bacterial prostatitis, chronic bacterial prostatitis, chronic inflammatory and non-inflammatory prostatitis or chronic pelvic pain syndrome, and asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis.

Large protruding bladder stone.

We present a unique case of a large urinary bladder stone protruding through the external urethral meatus in a 77-year-old woman, which was causing acute urinary retention, complicated by bilateral hydronephrosis, and was removed under topical anesthesia in the emergency department. Epidemiology, etiology, clinical presentation and management of urinary bladder stones are briefly discussed.

Performance of nuclear matrix protein 22 urine marker and voided urine cytology in the detection of urinary bladder tumors.

Background: Cystoscopy with urinary cytology is the gold standard for the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with tumors of the urinary bladder. The aim of the study was to evaluate the performance of the nuclear matrix protein 22 (NMP22) tumor marker test, BladderChek® point-of-care test and voided urinary cytology for the detection and follow-up of bladder tumors.

Methods: NMP22 was measured using an ELISA assay in stabilized voided urine and using the BladderChek® test.

Epididymovasostomy as the first-line treatment of obstructive azoospermia in young couples with normal spermatogenesis.

In the management of obstructive azoospermia (OA), microsurgery is often replaced by testicular sperm extraction (TESE) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Testicular biopsy and microsurgical side-to-side epididymovasostomy were performed in 34 azoospermic men with OA mostly due to inflammation. Ductal system patency was recovered in 21 (63.