Does the COVID-19 Pandemic Affect Labor-Related Anxiety and Prevalence of Depressive Symptoms in Pregnant Women?

The COVID-19 pandemic undoubtedly had significant effects on women's health and the course of pregnancy. The aim of this single-center study was to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adult pregnant and postpartum women's mental health, as well as to identify factors associated with depressive symptoms, anxiety and fear of delivery. The 465 women included in this questionnaire-based cohort study were divided into two groups: one (controls) of women who gave birth before ( = 190), and the second who were pregnant and delivered during the pandemic ( = 275).

Effect of Dietary Macronutrients on Postprandial Glucagon and Insulin Release in Obese and Normal-Weight Women.

The aim of the study was to assess the effect of dietary macronutrients on circulating glucagon and insulin levels in obese and normal-weight women. Potentially, the impaired release of glucagon may proceed abnormal glucose metabolism in obese patients ahead of overt diabetes. In 20 insulin-sensitive women (11 obese and 9 normal-weight), plasma concentrations of insulin and glucagon levels were assessed before and after 3 different macronutrient test meals.

The levels of adipokines in relation to hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle in young, normal-weight women.

Context: The aim of this study was to assess the plasma leptin, adiponectin, resistin, visfatin/NAMPT, omentin-1, vaspin, apelin, TNF-α, IL-6 and RBP4 levels in relation to hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle in young, healthy, normal-weight women.

Methods: The study involved 52 young, healthy, normal-weight women. Anthropometric parameters, body composition and levels of plasma leptin, adiponectin, resistin, visfatin/NAMPT, omentin-1, vaspin, apelin, TNF-α, IL-6 and RBP4 in addition to serum FSH, LH, estradiol, progesterone, 17-OH progesterone, androgens, SHBG and insulin concentrations were measured during a morning in fasting state three times: between days 2-4, days 12-14 and days 24-26 of the menstrual cycle.

Effect of dietary macronutrients on postprandial incretin hormone release and satiety in obese and normal-weight women.

The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of dietary macronutrients on postprandial incretin responses and satiety and hunger sensation in obese and normal-weight women. A total of eleven obese and nine normal-weight women were recruited for the assessment of plasma concentrations of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and insulin and the sensation of satiety and hunger using a visual analogue scale before and during a 6 h period after administration of three different macronutrient test meals. The AUCtotal GLP-1 and AUCtotal GIP values were decreased in obese women after the consumption of a fatty meal and all the test meals, respectively.

[Pregnancy in a woman with chronic renal failure--the case of two successfully completed pregnancies and the review of the literature].

Together with the prolongation and improving the quality of life of young women with chronic renal failure (CRF), procreation becomes an important issue. Pregnancies in women on renal replacement therapy are associated with an increased risk of health complications, both for mothers and for fetuses. Medical management of pregnant women with CRF is a great challenge and requires a close co-operation of nephrologists, transplantologists, gynecologists and neonatologists.

[Anti-Müllerian hormone and fertility disturbances in obese women and women with polycystic ovary syndrome].

Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) belongs to a family of growth and differentiation factors beta (TGF-beta). In male fetuses AMH induces regression of Müller's ducts whereas in female ones this hormone plays an important role during adolescence and reproductive period. AMH participates in regulation of folliculogenesis by inhibiting the recruitment of prenatal and antral follicles.

Are plasma ghrelin and PYY concentrations associated with obesity-related depression?

Introduction: Recent experimental studies have revealed that increased ghrelin levels protect against depressive symptoms of chronic stress in rats. Moreover it was shown that neuropeptide Y (NPY) has an anxiolytic-like effect mediated through both Y1 and Y5 receptors. On the other hand, peptide YY inhibits, while ghrelin stimulates, the release of NPY.

Depression in obese persons before starting complex group weight-reduction programme.

Background: The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence of depression in subjects before starting a weight-reduction programme.

Methods: The study group involved 173 obese subjects aged 47.0 +/- 16.

Is chronic inflammation a possible cause of obesity-related depression?

Adult obesity has been associated with depression, especially in women. Whether depression leads to obesity or obesity causes depression is unclear. Chronic inflammation is observed in obesity and depression.