Non-infectious mixed cryoglobulinemia as a new clinical presentation of mutation in the gene encoding coatomer subunit alpha: a case report of two adult sisters.

Cryoglobulinemia is a rare disease characterized by the presence of cryoglobulins in the blood serum. It is usually caused by autoimmune, lymphoproliferative, or infectious factors. The pathogenesis of cryoglobulinemia is not well understood, therefore, genetic testing is very important.

Efficacy and safety of photoselective vaporization of the prostate using the Greenlight XPS 180W laser and simple prostatectomy for high-volume prostate hypertrophy: a comparative analysis.

Introduction: This study aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of treatment using simple prostatectomy (SP) and using photoselective vaporization of the prostate (PVP) with a 180W GreenLight XPS laser in patients with high-volume prostate hypertrophy.

Material And Methods: The study included 120 patients with LUTS symptoms caused by prostatic enlargement of more than 80 ml; 79 patients were treated with SP, while 41 were treated with PVP. The analysis included subjective the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and Quality of Life (QoL), and objective (Qmax), (Qave), and post-void residual volume (PVR) parameters before treatment and at an average of 38 months after surgical treatment.

Tumour microenvironment as a predictive factor for immunotherapy in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Bladder cancer (BC) can be divided into two subgroups depending on invasion of the muscular layer: non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Its aggressiveness is associated, inter alia, with genetic aberrations like losses of 1p, 6q, 9p, 9q and 13q; gain of 5p; or alterations in the p53 and p16 pathways. Moreover, there are reported metabolic disturbances connected with poor diagnosis-for example, enhanced aerobic glycolysis, gluconeogenesis or haem catabolism.

Testosterone Replacement Therapy in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients.

(Background) The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) in men with chronic kidney disease and hypogonadism on conservative and hemodialysis treatment. (Methods) The studied population consisted of 38 men on hemodialysis (HD), 46 men with CKD stages II-IV (predialysis group, PreD) and 35 men without kidney disease who were similar in age to others (control group). Serum total testosterone level (TT) was measured, and free testosterone level (fT) was calculated.

Preliminary trial of 24 vs 72 hour perioperative meropenem in patients with ESBL-producing bacteriuria scheduled for urological procedures.

Introduction: Antimicrobial prophylaxis is an important issue in positive urine culture patients undergoing endourological procedures or extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). It is especially recognized in asymptomatic bacteriuria patients of alarm pathogen etiology. We designed a preliminary study to determine optimal duration of antibiotic prophylaxis in patients undergoing endourological procedures or ESWL with asymptomatic bacteriuria caused by with extended spectrum beta-lactamase positive (ESBL+) type resistance.

[Treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia with the use of lasers].

Lasers are becoming more and more widely used in medicine, gaining significant clinical acceptance in the treatment of diseases of the genitourinary system. The aim of this study is to present contemporary methods of treatment of Benign Prostate Hyperplasia with the use of lasers, taking into account the physical characteristics of these devices and the safety of the therapy. According to the recommendations of the European Urological Association, in the treatment of BPH, laser systems based on laser devices can be used, which are characterized by various physical properties such as wavelength, intensity, power, frequency and duration of the emitted light.

Management protocol for Fournier's gangrene in sanitary regime caused by SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: A case report.

Background: Fournier's gangrene (FG) is a serious, aggressive and often deadly polymicrobial infection of the soft tissues of the perineum, the rectum and the external genital organs. It is an anatomical subcategory of necrotizing fasciitis, which has a similar etiology and treatment strategy.

Case Summary: A 60-year-old man was admitted to the hospital during severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic with complaints of fever up to 38.

Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease is a Strong Predictor of Hypogonadism and is Associated with Decreased Lean Tissue Mass.

Purpose: In patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), hypogonadism is more frequent than in the general population and its prevalence ranges between 40% and 60%. The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of hypogonadism and its association with kidney function, body composition, inflammatory markers and lipid disorders in patients with CKD.

Materials And Methods: The study population consisted of 112 men aged ≥40 years in different stages of CKD: 33 participants with eGFR ≥60 mL/min/1.

Selected protein expression in a new prognostic model for patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Introduction: After transurethral resection of a bladder tumor, patients frequently have a recurrence of the disease, thereby requiring adjuvant therapy.

Purpose: The study aimed to determine the prognostic value of expression levels of p53, Ki-67, and survivin, and to develop a new prognostic model for patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) after transurethral resection of a bladder tumor.

Methods: The study group consisted of 101 patients with primary NMIBC.

Intensity of Nuclear Staining for Ki-67, p53 and Survivin as a New Prognostic Factor in Non-muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer.

The aim of the study was to determine the prognostic value of expression levels of biomarkers selected on the basis of the literature: p53, Ki-67, survivin, β-catenin, E-cadherin and N-cadherin in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Immunohistochemistry was performed on sections of primary papillary carcinoma of the bladder removed during transurethral resection of the tumor in 134 patients. The expression of β-catenin and E-cadherin was found in all analyzed cases and N-cadherin expression was demonstrated in 3.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of laser photoselective vaporization of the prostate in the treatment of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Introduction: The prolongation of the life of men results in the growing number of people suffering from benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). In 2010, BPH concerned more than 200 million men in the whole world, which at that time made up 6% of the population of men at large. Currently, the population of men in the world amounts about three billion six hundred million.

Effects of genistein on insulin pathway-related genes in mouse differentiated myoblast C2C12 cell line: evidence for two independent modes of action.

Introduction: Genistein (plant isoflavone) is a well-known anti-cancer drug with estrogenic-like properties. Genistein also regulates sugar and lipid metabolism; thus, it has anti-diabetic properties. The aim of the study was to evaluate in vitro effects of genistein on glucose transport, fatty acids oxidation, activation of PKB, and expression of genes related to insulin pathway in differentiated myoblast C2C12 mouse cell line.

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte Ratio, Platelet-to-lymphocyte Ratio, and C-reactive Protein as New and Simple Prognostic Factors in Patients With Metastatic Renal Cell Cancer Treated With Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: A Systemic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Inflammation plays a crucial role in cancer development. In this study, we evaluate the prognostic values of systemic inflammation markers such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and C-reactive protein (CRP) for the progression-free survival and overall survival in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

Materials And Methods: PubMed and the Cochrane Library databases were searched for published studies on the effect of NLR, PLR, and CRP in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

Efficacy and Safety of Photoselective Vaporization of the Prostate with 120 W 532 nm Laser in Patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia on Anticoagulation or Antiplatelet Therapy: Observations on Long-Term Outcomes.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of photoselective vaporization of the prostate (PVP) in the treatment of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) on anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapy.

Background: The "gold standard" of surgical treatment of BPH is transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Since the risk of complications associated with TURP is still significant, there is a continuous search for safer and equally effective procedures.

[Hypogonadism in patients with testicular tumors and prostate cancer].

Hypogonadism is defined as an array of symptoms arising from a deficiency of androgens. It is caused by a hormonal and spermatogenic dysfunction of the testes. It results in impaired fertility and has a negative impact on the functions of multiple organs and systems, physical well-being, sexual functions and also mental state.

[Kidney cancer with venal thrombus-principles of menagement].

Frequency of renal cell carcinoma with tumor thrombus may reach up to 30% of cases. Epidemiologic data show that tumor thrombus by itself is not negative predictive factor. Meticulous preparation by analisis of high quality imaging, acurate preoperative patient and team preparation enables to make complete thrombus resection.

An upper lip tumour as the presenting symptom of metastatic renal cancer.

Introduction: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) constitutes about 3% of solid tumours in adults. Unfortunately, in spite of continuous development of more and more efficient diagnostic methods, in about 30% of patients with RCC metastatic spread is found at presentation. Only in 1% of patients with advanced RCC metastases are limited exclusively to the head-and-neck region.

[Tumour in the ureter stump 13 years after nephrectomy--a rare case of endometriosis].

Endometriosis is found in the urinary tract in 1-2% of women suffering from this disease. The most common site is urinary bladder (81%). In the ureter it is found in only 15% of cases and it mainly involves the pelvic part.

[Current opinion on the hepatorenal syndrome].

According to a new definition proposed by International Ascites Club, the hepatorenal syndrome is functional renal insufficiency in patients with severe liver failure. The article discusses current views on pathogenesis, clinical symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of the syndrome.