The usefulness and effectiveness of interactive telemedicine in surgery classes - a survey of Polish medical students.

<b>Introduction:</b> Computer-based interactive techniques are becoming an important tool in medical education. One of the important benefits of the use of telemedicine in surgical training is the reduction of the number of people in the operating room. As shown in the studies, this can lead i.

ApoA-I and ApoB levels, and ApoB-to-ApoA-I ratio as candidate pre-treatment biomarkers of pathomorphological response to neoadjuvant therapy in gastric and esophago-gastric junction adenocarcinoma.

<b><br>Introduction:</b> Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is a part of the current standard of care in a locally advanced gastric adenocarcinoma (GA) and esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma (EGJA), but only patients with good pathomorphological response (pR) to NAC benefit from prolonged overall survival.</br> <b><br>Aim:</b> The study aims to evaluate ApoA-I and ApoB as candidate pre-treatment biomarkers of pR to NAC in patients with GA and EGJA.</br> <b><br>Materials and methods:</b> Serum samples were collected from 18 patients with GA and 9 with EGJA before the initiation of NAC to determine the ApoA-I and ApoB levels.

First-Line Nivolumab Plus Chemotherapy for Advanced Gastric, Gastroesophageal Junction, and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma: 3-Year Follow-Up of the Phase III CheckMate 649 Trial.

JCO We report 3-year efficacy and safety results from the phase III CheckMate 649 trial. Patients with previously untreated advanced or metastatic gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma were randomly assigned to nivolumab plus chemotherapy or chemotherapy. Primary end points were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) by blinded independent central review (BICR) in patients whose tumors expressed PD-L1 combined positive score (CPS) ≥5.

Influence of Clinical Factors on miR-3613-3p Expression in Colorectal Cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of cancer-related death globally. Because of a tendency to be an asymptomatic primary tumor and therefore resulting in late detection, most CRC patients are diagnosed in the advanced stage. Several miRNAs have the potential to become novel noninvasive biomarkers measured as diagnostic and prognostic indicators of CRC to guide surgical therapies and promote the understanding of the carcinogenesis of CRC.

Dissecting the genetic heterogeneity of gastric cancer.

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is clinically heterogenous according to location (cardia/non-cardia) and histopathology (diffuse/intestinal). We aimed to characterize the genetic risk architecture of GC according to its subtypes. Another aim was to examine whether cardia GC and oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) and its precursor lesion Barrett's oesophagus (BO), which are all located at the gastro-oesophageal junction (GOJ), share polygenic risk architecture.

Pre-therapeutic molecular biomarkers of pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in gastric and esophago-gastric junction adenocarcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Multimodal treatment is the standard of care in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer. Unfortunately, the response rate after neoadjuvant treatment remains limited. The ability to predict the response has a potential to improve patient outcomes by promoting a more individualized approach.

Polish Consensus on Gastric Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment - Update 2022.

This document - "Polish Consensus on Gastric Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment - Update 2022" - represents an expert consensus following a year's worth of dedicated effort by a team of specialists throughout 2021, put forward in a conference in December 2021 in Krakow, and finalized below for publication in 2022. The effective date of this document is June 14th 2022. The work that went into updating this consensus was made under auspices of the Polish Society of Surgical Oncology and the Association of Polish Surgeons.

Follow-up after bariatric surgery: are we effective enough?

Over the years, the rise in the obesity epidemic has led to an increasing demand for bariatric surgery. Considering the rapidly growing number of bariatric surgery procedures performed, intensive development of postoperative care and surveillance programs should be expected. However, the effectiveness of follow-up after bariatric surgery appears to be surprisingly low.

Nivolumab plus chemotherapy or ipilimumab in gastro-oesophageal cancer.

Standard first-line chemotherapy results in disease progression and death within one year in most patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative gastro-oesophageal adenocarcinoma. Nivolumab plus chemotherapy demonstrated superior overall survival versus chemotherapy at 12-month follow-up in gastric, gastro-oesophageal junction or oesophageal adenocarcinoma in the randomized, global CheckMate 649 phase 3 trial (programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) combined positive score ≥5 and all randomized patients). On the basis of these results, nivolumab plus chemotherapy is now approved as a first-line treatment for these patients in many countries.

Successful Late Endoscopic Stent-Grafting in a Patient with Boerhaave Syndrome.

BACKGROUND Boerhaave syndrome is a rare esophageal injury associated with a high mortality rate of 14.8%. Immediate diagnosis and treatment have been associated with a better outcome.

First-line nivolumab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for advanced gastric, gastro-oesophageal junction, and oesophageal adenocarcinoma (CheckMate 649): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial.

Background: First-line chemotherapy for advanced or metastatic human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma has a median overall survival (OS) of less than 1 year. We aimed to evaluate first-line programmed cell death (PD)-1 inhibitor-based therapies in gastric, gastro-oesophageal junction, and oesophageal adenocarcinoma. We report the first results for nivolumab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone.

COVID-19 Pneumonia on Post-Operative Day 2 after Esophagectomy: Performing Esophago-Gastric Junction Cancer Surgery during the SARS-Cov-2 Second Wave.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a substantial impact on the provision of medical healthcare. Due to an increased risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) transmission, elective surgical treatment has been suspended in many centers. The effects of COVID-19 in the early post-operative period after esophagectomy remains unknown.

HER2 gene assessment in liquid biopsy of gastric and esophagogastric junction cancer patients qualified for surgery.

Background: Amplification of HER2 gene (ERBB2) and overexpression of HER2 protein on cancer cells are found in 10-26% of gastric cancer (GC) and esophagogastric junction cancer (EGJC). Gene copy number variation (CNV) could be detected in these patients in liquid biopsy and in cancer cells.

Methods: We analysed HER2 gene CNV used qPCR method in 87 sera collected from GC and EGJC patients before surgical treatment and in 40 sera obtained from healthy donors.

Yield of staging laparoscopy in gastric cancer is influenced by Laurén histologic subtype.

Background: Staging laparoscopy (SL) with cytologic lavage is a useful staging procedure that allows tailoring the treatment of advanced gastric cancer (GC). The current study aimed to evaluate the total yield of SL in patients with various Laurén histo-types of GC, before planned neoadjuvant chemotherapy and gastrectomy.

Methods: After exclusion of distant metastatic disease on imaging modalities, 173 patients with primary advanced gastric adenocarcinoma who underwent SL between August 2016 and September 2018, were eligible for the analysis.

Blast from the past: Perioperative use of the Maruyama computer program for prediction of lymph node involvement in the surgical treatment of gastric cancer following neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Background: Surgical quality assurance is a key element of gastric cancer treatment. The Maruyama Computer Program (MCP) allows to predict lymph node involvement in stations no. 1-16.

Polish Consensus on Treatment of Gastric Cancer; update 2017.

The "Polish Research on Gastric Cancer" project has been continued since 1986. The main aim of this project, which is a multicenter and interdisciplinary research, is enhancing the treatment results of gastric cancer patients by developing and promoting the use of optimal methods for diagnosis and treatment, both surgical as well as combined. One of the more important achievements of the project is the development and publication of a document named "Polish Consensus on Treatment of Patients with Gastric Cancer", whose first version was published in 1998.

Perfusion CT - A novel quantitative and qualitative imaging biomarker in gastric cancer.

Objectives: The aim of this research was to examine whether Perfusion Computed Tomography (P-CT) can qualitatively and quantitatively help detect gastric cancer neoangiogenesis in vivo as well as treatment response evaluation. We attempted to explore which P-CT parameters are best used in neoangiogenesis and neoadjuvant therapy for most effective evaluation. We also tried to recognize a positive prediction value of P-CT in early responders and non-responders patients identification.

The Influence of Patient-related Constutional and Environmental Factors on Early Results of a Combined Modality Therapy of Esophageal Cancer.

Unlabelled: Among many various factors affecting the outcome of cancer treatment one can distinguish patient, tumor- and treatment-related factors. The association of patient-related factors and results of a combined modality therapy of esophageal cancer has not been extensively explored. The aim of the study was to analyze the impact of patient-related constitutional and environmental factors on early results of combined modality therapy of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Minimally invasive surgery for esophageal cancer - benefits and controversies.

Open esophagectomy (OE) requires extensive surgery and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Furthermore, the long-term results of esophageal cancer surgery are not satisfactory; hence, the best surgical approach is constantly under debate. During the last twenty years, minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) employing laparoscopy and/or thoracoscopy has been introduced in a growing number of centers worldwide.

Salivary bicarbonate as a major factor in the prevention of upper esophageal mucosal injury in gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Background: It has been previously demonstrated that the exposure of the lower esophageal mucosa to acid and pepsin results in significant increase in salivary protective factors secretion, mediated by the esophago-salivary reflex. The impact of the upper esophageal mucosal exposure to acid and pepsin on salivary secretory response remains unknown.

Aims: To investigate the rate of salivary protective factors secretion during the upper esophageal mucosal exposure to acid and pepsin and to compare with the corresponding results recorded during the lower esophageal mucosal exposure, in the same group of asymptomatic volunteers.

Significance of ultrasonography in selecting methods for the treatment of acute cholecystitis.

Unlabelled: Surgical removal of the gallbladder is indicated in nearly all cases of complicated acute cholecystitis. In the 1990s, laparoscopic cholecystectomy became the method of choice in the treatment of cholecystolithiasis. Due to a large inflammatory reaction in the course of acute inflammation, a laparoscopic procedure is conducted in technically difficult conditions and entails the risk of complications.

The value of percutaneous ultrasound in predicting conversion from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy due to acute cholecystitis.

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has become the treatment of choice for gallstone disease. Advantages of the laparoscopic approach include lower morbidity and mortality rates, reduced length of hospital stay, and earlier return to work. In acute cholecystitis, severe inflammation makes laparoscopic dissection technically more demanding, with a higher risk of related complications that require conversion to open cholecystectomy.

Incidence of human papilloma virus in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in patients from the Lublin region.

Aim: To assess the prevalence of human papilloma virus (HPV) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in the south-eastern region of Poland.

Methods: The study population consisted of 56 ESCC patients and 35 controls. The controls were patients referred to our department due to other non-esophageal and non-oncological disorders with no gross or microscopic esophageal pathology as confirmed by endoscopy and histopathology.