Cutaneous Eyelid Neoplasms as a Toxicity of Vemurafenib Therapy.

The discovery of BRAF mutation in ~50% of melanomas led to the development of small molecule BRAF inhibitors, including sorafenib, debrafenib, and vemurafenib. Clinical trials have shown these agents to be effective in treatment of metastatic and locally advanced melanoma, increasing overall and progression-free survival. However, some of the most common toxicities associated with BRAF inhibitor therapy include adverse skin events such as rashes, photosensitivity, hyperkeratosis, papillomas, keratoacanthomas, and squamous cell carcinomas.

Nicotine exposure exacerbates development of cataracts in a type 1 diabetic rat model.

Diabetes and smoking are known risk factors for cataract development. In this study, we evaluated the effect of nicotine on the progression of cataracts in a type 1 diabetic rat model. Diabetes was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by a single injection of 65 mg/kg streptozotocin.