Cardiac involvement in children with paediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS): data from a prospective nationwide surveillance study.

Background: Paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS) may occur 4 to 8 weeks after SARS-CoV-2 infection. The acute presentation of PIMS-TS has been well described, but data on longer-term outcomes, particularly cardiac, is scarce.

Methods: This prospective nationwide surveillance study included children and adolescents less than 18 years of age who were hospitalised with PIMS-TS in Switzerland between March 2020 and March 2022.

Rate of Gleason 7 or higher prostate cancer on repeat biopsy after a diagnosis of atypical small acinar proliferation.

Background: Limited information is known about the clinical significance of cancers diagnosed upon repeat biopsy for the indication of atypical small acinar proliferation (ASAP). With increasing concern regarding overdiagnosis and overtreatment of prostate cancer, and the reported rise in infectious complications related to prostate biopsy, we examined the outcomes of patients rebiopsied for a diagnosis of ASAP.

Methods: Clinical, pathologic and outcomes data of patients diagnosed with ASAP on prostate biopsy at our institutions between 2000 and 2010 were abstracted through chart review.

The use of transscrotal venography to guide treatment of a persistent grade 3 varicocele after failure of previous microsurgical varicocelectomy and embolization.

Varicoceles affect approximately 15% of male patients, most of whom have resolution of symptoms and objective findings with microscopic subinguinal varicocelectomy. We present an interesting case of a 16-year-old male patient with persistent symptomatic varicocele despite varicocelectomy and gonadal vein embolization.

Urinary markers/cytology: what and when should a urologist use.

As of 2012, bladder cancer is the fourth most common cancer afflicting men and ninth most common cancer in women. Nearly 80% of all bladder cancer diagnoses are non-muscle invasive at presentation, most of whom will develop recurrent disease within 5 years of initial diagnosis. Urinary tumor markers provide a noninvasive method for both screening and surveillance of bladder cancer.

Spearfishing regulation benefits artisanal fisheries: the ReGS indicator and its application to a multiple-use Mediterranean marine protected area.

The development of fishing efficiency coupled with an increase of fishing effort led to the overexploitation of numerous natural marine resources. In addition to this commercial pressure, the impact of recreational activities on fish assemblages remains barely known. Here we examined the impact of spearfishing limitation on resources in a marine protected area (MPA) and the benefit it provides for the local artisanal fishery through the use of a novel indicator.

Protected and threatened components of fish biodiversity in the Mediterranean sea.

The Mediterranean Sea (0.82% of the global oceanic surface) holds 4%-18% of all known marine species (~17,000), with a high proportion of endemism [1, 2]. This exceptional biodiversity is under severe threats [1] but benefits from a system of 100 marine protected areas (MPAs).

Within 1 h, HIV-1 uses viral synapses to enter efficiently the inner, but not outer, foreskin mucosa and engages Langerhans-T cell conjugates.

Although circumcision reduces male acquisition of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) by 60%, the initial mechanisms of HIV-1 transmission at the foreskin remain elusive. We have established two novel and complementary models of the human adult foreskin epithelium, namely, ex vivo foreskin explants and in vitro reconstructed immunocompetent foreskins. In these models, efficient HIV-1 transmission occurs after 1 h of polarized exposure of the inner, but not outer, foreskin to mononuclear cells highly infected with HIV-1, but not to cell-free virus.

Simultaneous monitoring of the expression of multiple genes inside of single breast carcinoma cells.

Monitoring gene expression is at the center of research for a wide variety of medical, biological, and biotechnological applications. Currently no method exists for true multiple gene expression monitoring inside of a single living cell that allows for the gene expression profile of the cell to be directly compared with another single living cell. By microinjecting multiple molecular beacons with different fluorophores inside of single breast carcinoma cells and monitoring with advanced fluorescent microscopy, the expression of multiple genes can be simultaneously monitored inside single living cells.

Niche overlap estimates based on quantitative functional traits: a new family of non-parametric indices.

The concept of niche overlap appears in studies of the mechanisms of the maintenance of species diversity, in searches for assembly rules, and in estimation of within-community species redundancy. For plant traits measured on a continuous scale, existing indices are inadequate because they split the scale into a number of categories thus losing information. An index is easy to construct if we assume a normal distribution for each trait within a species, but this assumption is rarely true.

Determination of clobazam, N-desmethylclobazam and their hydroxy metabolites in plasma and urine by high-performance liquid chromatography.

Owing to the pharmacological and clinical importance of the determination of plasma and urine levels of the hydroxy metabolites of clobazam and N-desmethylclobazam in healthy volunteers and in epileptic patients, a high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed that permits the determination of all these compounds in the same plasma or urine sample. The method involved ether extraction at pH 13 with diazepam as internal standard for the measurement of clobazam and N-desmethylcobazam, followed by ether extraction at pH 9 with nitrazepam as internal standard for the measurement of the hydroxy derivatives. The limit of detection was about 10-20 ng/ml for each of these compounds.

The Primacy and Recency Effects in Successive Single-Trial Immediate Free Recall.

The present study of 82 male and female college students re-examined the primacy and recency effects in successive single-trial immediate free recall of lists of unrelated English words. With a trial-by-trial analysis of the serial position curve (SPC), it showed the shape of SPC was not invariant. The primacy effect was greater than the recency effect on the very first recall, and the relationship of these two effects immediately reversed and remained so thereafter.