Primary and metastatic glioblastoma of the spine in the pediatric population: a systematic review.

Pediatric glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) involving the spine is an aggressive tumor with a poor quality of life for patients. Despite this, there is only a limited number of reports describing the outcomes of pediatric spinal GBMs, both as primary spinal GBMs and metastases from an intracranial tumor. Here, we performed an individual patient meta-analysis to characterize factors affecting prognosis of pediatric spinal GBM.