Beclin-mediated Autophagy Drives Dorsal Longitudinal Flight Muscle Histolysis in the Variable Field Cricket, Gryllus lineaticeps.

Flight muscle histolysis is a widespread strategy used by insects to break down functional flight muscle and modulate the energetic costs associated with flight muscle use and maintenance. The variable field cricket, Gryllus lineaticeps, undergoes histolysis during their transition between dispersal flight and reproduction. Despite the importance of histolysis on insect reproduction and fitness, the molecular mechanisms driving this flight muscle breakdown are not well understood.

The utility of an online discussion board for reflective writing in an emergency medicine rotation.

Background: Narrative analysis and reflection have been found to support professional identity formation (PIF) and resilience among medical students. In the emergency department, students have used reflective practice to process challenging clinical experiences, such as ethical dilemmas or moral distress. An online discussion board, however, has not been described as a curricular component of emergency medicine (EM) rotations.

Addressing Medicine's Dark Matter.

In the 20th century, the models used to predict the motion of heavenly bodies did not match observation. Investigating this incongruity led to the discovery of dark matter-the most abundant substance in the universe. In medicine, despite years of using a data-hungry approach, our models have been limited in their ability to predict population health outcomes-that is, our observations also do not meet our expectations.

Hydrothermal treatment as a complementary tool to control the invasive Pampas grass (Cortaderia selloana).

The rapid spread of invasive Pampas grass (PG) is having not only ecosystems impact, but also significant economic and social effects. The tonnes of bulky waste from the plant disposal require proper treatment to avoid seed dispersal, greenhouse gas emissions and landscape damage. In the pursuit of zero-waste management, hydrothermal treatment (HT) appears as a challenging alternative.

A critical race theory curriculum for emergency medicine learners.

Objectives: We set out to develop and implement a critical race theory (CRT) curriculum to address an identified gap in emergency medicine education. Sessions explored concepts of CRT and issues of racism as they relate to the clinical and extraclinical environments.

Methods: We developed a series of five virtual workshop sessions in 2019 that were held over Zoom in June and July 2020 in the setting of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Making Merit Just in Medical School Admissions.

Medical school education must better align with patient care needs for a rapidly changing population. One challenge is to eliminate bias in merit-based admissions to more equitably review candidates with the structural competency skills desperately needed to promote public health and health equity. Aligning merit-based admissions approaches with holistic admissions approaches and equitable candidate evaluation will simultaneously support learners and improve patient care.

Porous Silicon Gas Sensors: The Role of the Layer Thickness and the Silicon Conductivity.

We studied the influences of the thickness of the porous silicon layer and the conductivity type on the porous silicon sensors response when exposed to ethanol vapor. The response was determined at room temperature (27 ∘C) in darkness using a horizontal aluminum electrode pattern. The results indicated that the intensity of the response can be directly or inversely proportional to the thickness of the porous layer depending on the conductivity type of the semiconductor material.

The Influence of Gender and Underrepresented Minority Status on Medical Student Ranking of Residency Programs.

Background: Physician diversity is linked to improved quality of care of diverse patient populations. The transition from medical school to residency is an opportunity to improve and increase workforce diversity in all specialties. However, there is limited published literature on the factors contributing to the ranking of residency programs on women and underrepresented minorities (URMs).

An Institutional Approach to Fostering Inclusion and Addressing Racial Bias: Implications for Diversity in Academic Medicine.

: While an increasingly diverse workforce of clinicians, researchers, and educators will be needed to address the nation's future healthcare challenges, underrepresented in medicine (UIM) perspectives remain relatively absent from academic medicine. : Prior studies have identified differential experiences within the learning environment, lack of social supports, and implicit bias in evaluations as barriers to the academic interests and successes of UIM learners. The UCSF Differences Matter initiative has shown that interventions focused on recruiting diverse academic faculty, building strong social communities, facilitating cross-cultural communication and understanding, and mitigating disparities in summative assessments can positively affect the educational experience for UIM learners and contribute to their academic success.

Effect of prepubertal nutrition on cellular apoptosis and proliferation in at term placenta of Anglo-Nubian goats.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of feed restriction with or without monensin supplementation, followed by a re-feeding period on cellular apoptosis and proliferation in at term placenta of Anglo-Nubian goats. To evaluate the induction of apoptosis through the intrinsic pathway, proteins Bax and Bcl-2 were determinated. The apoptosis was related with the cell proliferation indices through Ki67 determination.

Environmental filtering drives the shape and breadth of the seed germination niche in coastal plant communities.

Background And Aims: A phylogenetic comparative analysis of the seed germination niche was conducted in coastal plant communities of western Europe. Two hypotheses were tested, that (1) the germination niche shape (i.e.

Morphometric Study of the Mare Oviductal Mucosa at Different Reproductive Stages.

The objectives of this work were to describe some morphometric characteristics and to establish quantitative parameters of different regions of the equine oviductal mucosa from the isthmus, ampullary-isthmic junction (AIJ), and ampulla. Twenty-one mixed-bred mares were used for this study. Mares were selected in the following reproductive phases: anestrus, estrus, and diestrus.

Traumatic Shoulder Dislocation Among Adolescents: Hill-Sachs Lesion Volume and Recurrent Instability.

Background: Accurate assessment of Hill-Sachs lesions (HSLs) and their relationship to the glenoid track is essential to optimizing management following traumatic shoulder dislocation. The purpose of this study was to measure the size of HSLs by a novel method with magnetic resonance (MR) arthrography and to investigate the relationship between lesion size and instability history in adolescents (below 19 y of age) with a history of traumatic dislocation.

Methods: All shoulder MR arthrograms queried to identify HSLs over a 4-year period were retrospectively reviewed and independently evaluated by 2 blinded musculoskeletal radiologists.

A local dormancy cline is related to the seed maturation environment, population genetic composition and climate.

Background And Aims: Seed dormancy varies within species in response to climate, both in the long term (through ecotypes or clines) and in the short term (through the influence of the seed maturation environment). Disentangling both processes is crucial to understand plant adaptation to environmental changes. In this study, the local patterns of seed dormancy were investigated in a narrow endemic species, Centaurium somedanum, in order to determine the influence of the seed maturation environment, population genetic composition and climate.

Lack of cross-species transmission of porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV) to transplant recipients and abattoir workers in contact with pigs.

This study investigated the potential transmission of porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV) to solid-organ transplant recipients and abattoir workers in contact with pigs. Blood samples were obtained from volunteer healthy blood donors (Group A; n=33); pig-breeding farmers who had undergone a liver transplant (Group B; n=14); and pig abattoir workers (Group C; n=49). A second blood sample was obtained 1 year after the first sample from 10 of the abattoir workers (Group D).

Lack of cross-species transmission of porcine endogenous retrovirus in pig-to-baboon xenotransplantation with sustained depletion of anti-alphagal antibodies.

Background: Nonhuman primates are potential permissive animals for studying the risk of in vivo infection with porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV). Anti-alphaGal natural antibodies are considered one of the barriers for preventing PERV infection, and it has been postulated that reduction of these antibodies could increase the risk of this infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of GAS 914, which depletes anti-alphaGal antibodies, in the potential in vivo transfer of PERV after pig-to-baboon organ xenotransplantation.

FDA/PI flow cytometry assay of complement-mediated cytotoxicity of antibodies generated during xenotransplantation.

Background: A flow cytometry complement-mediated cytotoxicity assay (FCCA) using fluorescein diacetate (FDA) and propidium iodide (PI) to measure antibody-dependent toxicity is useful to determine the success of xenotransplant organs. We evaluated the validity of different mathematical models as a measure of cytotoxicity in FCCA.

Methods: Sera from untreated baboons (n = 7) and from immunosuppressed animals (n = 5) undergoing different xenotransplantation protocols with pig organs were tested by endogenous FCCA and a similar assay also using exogenous complement, and the results were compared with those of a complement-dependent hemolytic assay to detect anti-pig antibodies (APHA).