Complications of Ileal Conduits after Radical Cystectomy: Interventional Radiologic Management.

Since their introduction into clinical practice in the 1950s, ileal conduits have been the most common type of urinary diversion used after radical cystectomy worldwide. Although ileal conduits are technically simpler to construct than other forms of urinary diversion, a variety of complications can occur in the early and late postoperative periods. Early complications include urine leakage, urinary obstruction, postoperative fluid collection (eg, urinoma, hematoma, lymphocele, or abscess), and fistula formation.

What Are the Effects of Irreversible Electroporation on a Staphylococcus aureus Rabbit Model of Osteomyelitis?

Background: The treatment of osteomyelitis can be challenging because of poor antibiotic penetration into the infected bone and toxicities associated with prolonged antibiotic regimens to control infection. Irreversible electroporation (IRE), a percutaneous image-guided ablation technology in which the targeted delivery of high-voltage electrical pulses permanently damages the cell membrane, has been shown to effectively control bacterial growth in various settings. However, IRE for the management of bone infections has yet to be evaluated.

Development of an Electroporation and Nanoparticle-based Therapeutic Platform for Bone Metastases.

Purpose To assess for nanopore formation in bone marrow cells after irreversible electroporation (IRE) and to evaluate the antitumoral effect of IRE, used alone or in combination with doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles (SPIO-DOX), in a VX2 rabbit tibial tumor model. Materials and Methods All experiments were approved by the institutional animal care and use committee. Five porcine vertebral bodies in one pig underwent intervention (IRE electrode placement without ablation [n = 1], nanoparticle injection only [n = 1], and nanoparticle injection followed by IRE [n = 3]).

Imaging Intratumoral Nanoparticle Uptake After Combining Nanoembolization with Various Ablative Therapies in Hepatic VX2 Rabbit Tumors.

Combining image-guided therapy techniques for the treatment of liver cancers is a strategy that is being used to improve local tumor control rates. Here, we evaluate the intratumoral uptake of nanoparticles used in combination with radiofrequency ablation (RFA), irreversible electroporation (IRE), or laser induced thermal therapy (LITT). Eight rabbits with VX2 tumor in the liver underwent one of four treatments: (i) nanoembolization (NE) with radiolabeled, hollow gold nanoparticles loaded with doxorubicin (⁶⁴Cu-PEG-HAuNS-DOX); (ii) NE + RFA; (iii) NE + IRE; (iv) NE +LITT.

Takayasu arteritis revisited.

Takayasu arteritis is a large vessel vasculitis with various clinical presentations depending on the territories affected. We report the case of a 47-year-old woman who was diagnosed with Takayasu arteritis following rapid progression of coronary disease. The condition evolved rapidly under corticosteroid therapy, with formation of new arterial stenoses within the carotid and splanchnic circulations.