Leopoldia comosa prevents metabolic disorders in rats with high-fat diet-induced obesity.

Purpose: Obesity is the main feature of a complex illness known as metabolic syndrome. Anti-obesogenic therapies are often associated with side effects and represent a high cost in conventional pharmacological approaches. New strategies based on natural remedies are under continuous investigation.

Erratum: Runx3 programs CD8 T cell residency in non-lymphoid tissues and tumours.

This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/nature24993.

Design and rationale of a randomized trial comparing standard versus ultrasound-assisted thrombolysis for submassive pulmonary embolism.

Background: Catheter-directed interventions for the treatment of patients with submassive pulmonary embolism (sPE) have shown promise in rapidly improving right-sided heart strain and preventing decompensation to massive pulmonary embolism. Among various catheter interventions, ultrasound-assisted thrombolysis (USAT) has attracted interest as potentially having more efficient lytic effect that could achieve thrombolysis faster and with a reduced lytic dose. However, based on clinical evidence, it is unclear whether USAT is superior to standard catheter-directed thrombolysis (SCDT).

The State of the Absorb Bioresorbable Scaffold: Consensus From an Expert Panel.

Significant progress has been made in the percutaneous coronary intervention technique from the days of balloon angioplasty to modern-day metallic drug-eluting stents (DES). Although metallic stents solve a temporary problem of acute recoil following balloon angioplasty, they leave behind a permanent problem implicated in very late events (in addition to neoatherosclerosis). BRS were developed as a potential solution to this permanent problem, but the promise of these devices has been tempered by clinical trials showing increased risk of safety outcomes, both early and late.

Runx3 programs CD8 T cell residency in non-lymphoid tissues and tumours.

Tissue-resident memory CD8 T (T) cells are found at common sites of pathogen exposure, where they elicit rapid and robust protective immune responses. However, the molecular signals that control T cell differentiation and homeostasis are not fully understood. Here we show that mouse T precursor cells represent a unique CD8 T cell subset that is distinct from the precursors of circulating memory cell populations at the levels of gene expression and chromatin accessibility.

Retrograde CTO-PCI of Native Coronary Arteries Via Left Internal Mammary Artery Grafts: Insights From a Multicenter U.S. Registry.

Background: Retrograde percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of native coronary artery chronic total occlusion (CTO) via left internal mammary artery (LIMA) graft has received limited study.

Methods And Results: We compared the clinical and procedural characteristics and outcomes of retrograde CTO-PCI through LIMA grafts vs other conduits in a contemporary multicenter CTO registry. The LIMA was used as the collateral channel in 20 of 990 retrograde CTO-PCIs (2.

A common pathogen in an uncommon site: coronary artery stent meticillin-resistant infection.

Coronary artery stents are an uncommon site for infection. Only a handful of case reports describe this condition, and is the most frequent pathogen. Although rare, coronary stent infections are associated with a high mortality rate.

Terpenic profile of different Rosmarinus officinalis extracts.

The Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.), a well-known medicinal and culinary herb, was studied to compare the terpenic profile of different extracts obtained from dry and fresh herb. There were studied the volatile oil extracted by hydro distillation from dry plant, the hydroalcoholic extracts obtained from fresh respectively dry plant and the glycerol macerate obtained from fresh plant, by GC-MS using headspace injection.

Morphomechanical and structural changes induced by ROCK inhibitor in breast cancer cells.

The EMT phenomenon is based on tumour progression. The cells lose their physiologic phenotype and assumed a mesenchymal phenotype characterized by an increased migratory capacity, invasiveness and high resistance to apoptosis. In this process, RHO family regulates the activation or suppression of ROCK (Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase) which in turn regulates the cytoskeleton dynamics.

Incidence, Treatment, and Outcomes of Coronary Perforation During Chronic Total Occlusion Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.

Coronary perforation is a potential complication of chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We analyzed 2,097 CTO PCIs performed in 2,049 patients from 2012 to 2017. Patient age was 65 ± 10 years, 85% were men, and 36% had prior coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

Inhibin-A and Decorin Secreted by Human Adult Renal Stem/Progenitor Cells Through the TLR2 Engagement Induce Renal Tubular Cell Regeneration.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a public health problem worldwide. Several therapeutic strategies have been made to accelerate recovery and improve renal survival. Recent studies have shown that human adult renal progenitor cells (ARPCs) participate in kidney repair processes, and may be used as a possible treatment to promote regeneration in acute kidney injury.

What Do You Say Before You Relapse? How Language Use in a Peer-to-peer Online Discussion Forum Predicts Risky Drinking among Those in Recovery.

Increasingly, individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) seek and provide support for relapse prevention in text-based online environments such as discussion forums. This paper investigates whether language use within a peer-to-peer discussion forum can predict future relapse among individuals treated for AUD. A total of 104 AUD sufferers who had completed residential treatment participated in a mobile phone-based relapse-prevention program, where they communicated via an online forum over the course of a year.

Associations Between Chronic Kidney Disease and Outcomes With Use of Prasugrel Versus Clopidogrel in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Report From the PROMETHEUS Study.

Objectives: This study sought to compare clinical outcomes in a contemporary acute coronary syndrome (ACS) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) cohort stratified by chronic kidney disease (CKD) status.

Background: Patients with CKD exhibit high risks for both thrombotic and bleeding events, thus complicating decision making regarding antiplatelet therapy in the setting of ACS.

Methods: The PROMETHEUS study was a multicenter observational study comparing outcomes with prasugrel versus clopidogrel in ACS PCI patients.

Postoperative outcomes and management strategies for coronary artery disease in patients in need of a lung transplantation.

Background: Patients requiring lung transplantation (LTx) may also have coronary artery disease (CAD). The peri-operative management and long-term outcomes of these patients are not well established.

Methods: Patients referred for LTx from 2008 to 2014 were included in this study.

Epigallocatechin gallate inhibits the type III secretion system of Gram-negative enteropathogenic bacteria under model conditions.

Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a major polyphenol in green tea, inhibits the type III secretion system (T3SS) of enteropathogenic and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EPEC and EHEC, respectively), Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. The inhibitory effect causes the inhibition of hemolysis, cell invasion, cell adhesion and apoptosis, which are functions of the type III secretion device. In the case of EPEC, EspB accumulates in the cells.

Predictors of Successful Hybrid-Approach Chronic Total Coronary Artery Occlusion Stenting: An Improved Model With Novel Correlates.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to develop a hybrid approach-specific model to predict chronic total coronary artery occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention success, useful for experienced but not ultra-high-volume operators.

Background: CTO percutaneous coronary intervention success rates vary widely and have improved with the "hybrid approach," but current predictive models for success have major limitations.

Methods: Data were obtained from consecutively attempted patients from 7 clinical sites (9 operators, mean annual CTO volume 61 ± 17 cases).

Use of prasugrel vs clopidogrel and outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention in contemporary clinical practice: Results from the PROMETHEUS study.

Background And Objectives: We sought to determine the frequency of use and association between prasugrel and outcomes in acute coronary syndrome patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in clinical practice.

Methods: PROMETHEUS was a multicenter observational registry of acute coronary syndrome patients undergoing PCI from 8 centers in the United States that maintained a prospective PCI registry for patient outcomes. The primary end points were major adverse cardiovascular events at 90days, a composite of all-cause death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, stroke, or unplanned revascularization.

The Impact of Proximal Vessel Tortuosity on the Outcomes of Chronic Total Occlusion Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Insights From a Contemporary Multicenter Registry.

Introduction: We examined the impact of proximal vessel tortuosity on the outcomes of chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods: The baseline clinical and angiographic characteristics and procedural outcomes of 1618 consecutive CTO-PCIs performed between 2012 and 2016 at 14 United States centers in 1589 patients were reviewed.

Results: Mean patient age was 65.

Mutation Spectrum in the CACNA1A Gene in 49 Patients with Episodic Ataxia.

Episodic ataxia is an autosomal dominant ion channel disorder characterized by episodes of imbalance and incoordination. The disease is genetically heterogeneous and is classified as episodic ataxia type 2 (EA2) when it is caused by a mutation in the CACNA1A gene, encoding the α subunit of the P/Q-type voltage-gated calcium channel Ca2.1.

Respiratory bronchiolitis-associated interstitial lung disease - an unexpected form of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia in a young male.

Cigarette smoking is the most frequently encountered risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer. The latest American Thoracic Society÷European Respiratory Society classification of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia includes two entities related to smoking habits: respiratory bronchiolitis-associated interstitial lung disease and desquamative interstitial pneumonia. The new approach to diagnosis is to combine pathological pattern with clinical and radiological data.

Clinical Significance of Lipid-Rich Plaque Detected by Optical Coherence Tomography: A 4-Year Follow-Up Study.

Background: Lipid-rich plaque (LRP) is thought to be a precursor to cardiac events. However, its clinical significance in coronary arteries has never been systematically investigated.

Objectives: This study investigated the prevalence and clinical significance of LRP in the nonculprit region of the target vessel in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Epigenetic landscapes reveal transcription factors that regulate CD8 T cell differentiation.

Dynamic changes in the expression of transcription factors (TFs) can influence the specification of distinct CD8 T cell fates, but the observation of equivalent expression of TFs among differentially fated precursor cells suggests additional underlying mechanisms. Here we profiled the genome-wide histone modifications, open chromatin and gene expression of naive, terminal-effector, memory-precursor and memory CD8 T cell populations induced during the in vivo response to bacterial infection. Integration of these data suggested that the expression and binding of TFs contributed to the establishment of subset-specific enhancers during differentiation.