Temporary Keratoprosthesis and Primary Corneal Graft for Ocular Trauma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: When severe retinal and corneal injury occur together, a temporary keratoprosthesis (TKP) is often a last resort to allow posterior segment visualization to enable vitreoretinal surgery, followed by a penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) which can restore corneal clarity in a single operation. We aimed to assess visual outcomes following combined PKP and vitreoretinal surgery with the use of a TKP for cases of ocular trauma.

Design: A systematic literature review was performed following PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023423518).

The Image Warping Test: A Novel Method to Quantify and Qualify Metamorphopsia.

Purpose: To determine the validity, accuracy and acceptability of the Image Warping Test (IWT), a novel test for the measurement of visual distortion in the central visual field.

Methods: 25 volunteers with metamorphopsia secondary to vitreoretinal pathology were recruited at a tertiary referral center. All subjects underwent ophthalmological examination and measurement of metamorphopsia via Amsler grid, Morphision, M-CHARTS and the IWT.

Finite element analysis of patient-specific additive-manufactured implants.

Bone tumors, characterized by diverse locations and shapes, often necessitate surgical excision followed by custom implant placement to facilitate targeted bone reconstruction. Leveraging additive manufacturing, patient-specific implants can be precisely tailored with complex geometries and desired stiffness, enhancing their suitability for bone ingrowth. In this work, a finite element model is employed to assess patient-specific lattice implants in femur bones.

Face-down positioning or posturing after pars plana vitrectomy for macula-involving rhegmatogenous retinal detachments.

Background: A macula-involving rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is one of the most common ophthalmic surgical emergencies and causes significant visual morbidity. Pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with gas tamponade is often performed to repair primary macula-involving RRDs with a high rate of anatomical retinal reattachment. It has been advocated by some ophthalmologists that face-down positioning after PPV and gas tamponade helps reduce postoperative retinal displacement.

Reducing the prosthesis modulus by inclusion of an open space lattice improves osteogenic response in a sheep model of extraarticular defect.

Stress shielding is a common complication following endoprosthetic reconstruction surgery. The resulting periprosthetic osteopenia often manifests as catastrophic fractures and can significantly limit future treatment options. It has been long known that bone plates with lower elastic moduli are key to reducing the risk of stress shielding in orthopedics.

Improved Outcomes with Heavy Silicone Oil in Complex Primary Retinal Detachment: A Large Multicenter Matched Cohort Study.

Purpose: To establish whether Densiron 68, a heavier-than-water endotamponade agent, is an effective alternative to conventional light silicone oil in primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD) surgery for eyes with inferior breaks in the detached retina and severe proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR).

Design: Cohort study of routinely collected data from the European Society of Retina Specialists and British and Eire Association of Vitreoretinal Surgeons vitreoretinal database between 2015 and 2022.

Participants: All consecutive eyes that underwent primary rhegmatogenous RD surgery using Densiron 68 or light silicone oil as an internal tamponade agent.

The Risk of Sympathetic Ophthalmia Associated with Open-Globe Injury Management Strategies: A Meta-analysis.

Topic: Sympathetic ophthalmia (SO) is a sight-threatening granulomatous panuveitis caused by a sensitizing event. Primary enucleation or primary evisceration, versus primary repair, as a risk management strategy after open-globe injury (OGI) remains controversial.

Clinical Relevance: This systematic review was conducted to report the incidence of SO after primary repair compared with that of after primary enucleation or primary evisceration.

Hybrid CNN-transformer network for interactive learning of challenging musculoskeletal images.

Background And Objectives: Segmentation of regions of interest (ROIs) such as tumors and bones plays an essential role in the analysis of musculoskeletal (MSK) images. Segmentation results can help with orthopaedic surgeons in surgical outcomes assessment and patient's gait cycle simulation. Deep learning-based automatic segmentation methods, particularly those using fully convolutional networks (FCNs), are considered as the state-of-the-art.

The Use of Preoperative Prophylactic Systemic Antibiotics for the Prevention of Endopthalmitis in Open Globe Injuries: A Meta-Analysis.

Topic: This study reports the effect of systemic prophylactic antibiotics (and their route) on the risk of endophthalmitis after open globe injury (OGI).

Clinical Relevance: Endophthalmitis is a major complication of OGI; it can lead to rapid sight loss in the affected eye. The administration of systemic antibiotic prophylaxis is common practice in some health care systems, although there is no consensus on their use.

Expansile gas kinetics for pneumatic retinopexy.

Purpose: To study the behaviour of expansile intravitreal gases and air used in treating rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

Methods: A validated mathematical model of gas expansion and absorption in human eyes was used to simulate the effect of varying volumes of pure air, SF6, C2F6 and C3F8 injected into the vitreous cavity. Variation in axial length was accounted for by using three different vitreous cavity volumes to represent hypermetropic, emmetropic and myopic eyes.

Scleral Buckle, Vitrectomy, or Combined Surgery for Inferior Break Retinal Detachment: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Topic: To compare outcomes of scleral buckle (SB), pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), and combined PPV-SB to treat rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RRDs) with inferior retinal breaks (IRBs).

Clinical Relevance: Rhegmatogenous retinal detachments with IRBs are not uncommon; their management is challenging with higher risk of failure. There is no consensus about their treatment, specifically whether SB, PPV, or PPV-SB should be performed.

Stratifying the risk of re-detachment: variables associated with outcome of vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in a large UK cohort study.

Introduction: To identify variables associated with primary anatomical outcome following vitrectomy and internal tamponade for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD).

Methods: A retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data, using a database of RD treated with vitrectomy and internal tamponade. Collected data complied with the RCOphth Retinal Detachment Dataset.

Robot-assisted implantation of additively manufactured patient-specific orthopaedic implants: evaluation in a sheep model.

Purpose: Bone tumours must be surgically excised in one piece with a margin of healthy tissue. The unique nature of each bone tumour case is well suited to the use of patient-specific implants, with additive manufacturing allowing production of highly complex geometries. This work represents the first assessment of the combination of surgical robotics and patient-specific additively manufactured implants.

The effect of sex and laterality on the phenotype of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

Background: To assess the effect of sex and laterality on clinical features of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).

Method: This study is a retrospective analysis of data prospectively collected. We extracted data from two online datasets over a 7-year period of patients older than 16 years who had undergone surgery for primary RRD.

A Novel Postoperative Drop Regimen Reduces Risk of Ocular Hypertension Following Pars Plana Vitrectomy.

Introduction: Postoperative steroid/antibiotic drop regimens are known to effectively suppress inflammation and infection following pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), but the steroid frequently induces ocular hypertension (OHT). The aim of this contemporaneous cohort-control study was to assess safety and efficacy of a novel post-PPV drop regimen conceived to address this problem.

Methods: Electronic case notes of consecutive eyes undergoing PPV between December 2020 and April 2021 at St.

Automated elaborate resection planning for bone tumor surgery.

Purpose: Planning for bone tumor resection surgery is a technically demanding and time-consuming task, reliant on manual positioning of planar cuts in a virtual space. More elaborate cutting approaches may be possible through the use of surgical robots or patient-specific instruments; however, methods for preparing such a resection plan must be developed.

Methods: This work describes an automated approach for generating conformal bone tumor resection plans, where the resection geometry is defined by the convex hull of the tumor, and a focal point.

Artificial intelligence using deep learning to predict the anatomical outcome of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment surgery: a pilot study.

Purpose: To develop and evaluate an automated deep learning model to predict the anatomical outcome of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) surgery.

Methods: Six thousand six hundred and sixty-one digital images of RRD treated by vitrectomy and internal tamponade were collected from the British and Eire Association of Vitreoretinal Surgeons database. Each image was classified as a primary surgical success or a primary surgical failure.

Retinal toxicity secondary to subconjunctival cefuroxime following pars plana vitrectomy: A case report and literature review.

Purpose: To present a case of inadvertent retinal toxicity induced by a standard dose of subconjunctival cefuroxime after epiretinal membrane surgery. Narrative review of cefuroxime overdose or toxicity after intraocular surgery was carried out to describe characteristics of cefuroxime toxicity and their relationship to visual outcome.

Observations: A 64-year-old man underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with epiretinal membrane peel and received a standard dose of subconjunctival cefuroxime as endophthalmitis prophylaxis.