The Effect of Exercise Training on Blood Lipids: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Dyslipidemia is a primary risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Exercise training (EXTr) improves some lipid markers but not others; the literature is dated and analyses may be underpowered.

Objectives: To clarify which lipid markers are altered with ExTr and establish if information size had yet reached futility.

Estimating the Effect of Aerobic Exercise Training on Novel Lipid Biomarkers: A Systematic Review and Multivariate Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: Aerobic exercise training (AET) prescribed as lipid management treatment positively affects the standard lipid profile and reduces cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Apolipoproteins, lipid and apolipoprotein ratios, and lipoprotein sub-fractions may more effectively predict CVD risk than the standard lipid profile but an AET response in these biomarkers has not been established.

Objectives: We conducted a quantitative systematic review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) to (1) determine the effects of AET on lipoprotein sub-fractions, apolipoproteins and relevant ratios; and (2) identify study or intervention covariates associated with change in these biomarkers.

Determining the effect size of aerobic exercise training on the standard lipid profile in sedentary adults with three or more metabolic syndrome factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Objectives: To estimate the change in the standard lipid profile (SLP) of adults diagnosed with ≥3 metabolic syndrome (MetS) factors following aerobic exercise training (AET); and to investigate whether study/intervention covariates are associated with this change.

Design: Systematic review with univariate meta-analysis and meta-regression.

Data Sources: English language searches of online databases from inception until July 2020.

Hospitalisation costs associated with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF): a systematic review.

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is problematic to treat, with guidelines for HFpEF management concentrated on treating prevalent comorbidities. The aim of this study is to conduct a systematic review of the economic burden of hospitalisation for HFpEF. We conducted a systematic literature search from 2001, when HFpEF was first identified as an isolated diagnosis, up to July 1, 2020.

HIIT is not superior to MICT in altering blood lipids: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To compare the effects of moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) and high intensity interval training (HIIT) on adult lipid profiles; to identify training or participant characteristics that may determine exercise-induced change in total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TRG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C).

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Data Sources: English language searches of several databases were conducted from inception until September 2019.

Effect of low- and high-protein maternal diets during gestation on reproductive outcomes in the rat: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Studies with animal models have consistently demonstrated adverse health outcomes in offspring born following nutritional manipulation during gestation. However, the effects of gestational dietary protein modification on reproductive outcomes at birth are less clear. We, therefore, conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials to determine whether high- or low-protein diets are associated with altered reproductive outcomes in a commonly studied species, the rat.

Physiological Responses to Heat Acclimation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effectiveness of heat acclimatization (HA) on time trial (TT) performance, maximum oxygen uptake (VO), exercise heart rate (HR), time trials heart rate (HR), maximal heart rate (HR), core temperature (T), mean skin temperature (T), thermal comfort (T), plasma volume (PV), blood lactate concentration and rate of perceived exertion (RPE). Cochrane-CENTRAL, EMBASE, CINAHL and PubMed databases and reference lists of included studies were searched for randomized controlled trials that investigated the efficacy of HA in athletes. Data were then extracted from the entered studies for analyses.

Is C-reactive protein elevated in obstructive sleep apnea? a systematic review and meta-analysis.

This study examined whether circulating C-reactive protein (CRP) is elevated in obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) independent of the confounding effects of comorbidities, smoking, body mass index (BMI), age and gender. A systematic review of the literature was performed using PubMed, Embase and Cochrane databases from 1 January 1997 to 1 November 2017 using the key words obstructive sleep apnoea and C-Reactive protein to identify full text English language studies that compared CRP in adult non-smoking OSA participants without comorbidities and adult healthy non-smoking control participants matched for BMI, age and gender. Data from eligible studies were subjected to meta-analysis using RevMan version 5.

Anaerobic metabolism of inspiratory muscles in COPD.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine if the respiratory muscles of patients with COPD could be made to function anaerobically, as evidenced by an increase in arterial blood lactate concentration ([lactate](a)) during specific loading of the inspiratory muscles and, if so, the effect of a programme of high-intensity inspiratory muscle training on this function.

Methods: In seven patients with COPD (FEV(1) = 33 +/- 14% of predicted), measurements of [lactate](a) were made each minute during progressive inspiratory threshold loading to voluntary exhaustion. These tests were performed before and after an 8-week programme of specific high-intensity inspiratory muscle training, combined with general whole-body exercise training.