Forecasting of Airborne Conidia Quantities and Potential Insect Associations of , the Causal Agent of Chestnut Blight, in England.

Sweet chestnut, an Asiatic tree introduced in many parts of Europe including the United Kingdom, is planted for nut production, timber, and amenity. Its major threat is the disease called blight, caused by the fungus , which infects through wounds by airborne spores. Field trapping using sticky rods rotating traps was performed in an infected area in Devon (between May 2021 and April 2023).

Crowding within synaptic junctions influences the degradation of nucleotides by CD39 and CD73 ectonucleotidases.

Synapsed cells can communicate using exocytosed nucleotides like adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Ectonucleotidases localized to synaptic junctions degrade nucleotides into metabolites like adenosine monophosphate (AMP) or adenosine. Oftentimes nucleotide degradation occurs in a sequential manner, of which ATP degradation by CD39 and CD73 is a representative example.

Homogenization of Continuum-Scale Transport Properties from Molecular Dynamics Simulations: An Application to Aqueous-Phase Methane Diffusion in Silicate Channels.

Silica-based materials including zeolites are commonly used for wide-ranging applications including separations and catalysis. Substrate transport rates in these materials can significantly influence the efficiency of such applications. Two factors that contribute to transport rates include (1) the porosity of the silicate matrix and (2) nonbonding interactions between the diffusing species and the silicate surface.

Co-localization and confinement of ecto-nucleotidases modulate extracellular adenosine nucleotide distributions.

Nucleotides comprise small molecules that perform critical signaling roles in biological systems. Adenosine-based nucleotides, including adenosine tri-, di-, and mono-phosphate, are controlled through their rapid degradation by diphosphohydrolases and ecto-nucleotidases (NDAs). The interplay between nucleotide signaling and degradation is especially important in synapses formed between cells, which create signaling 'nanodomains'.

Treatment for Wear and Osteolysis in Well-Fixed Uncemented TKR.

Background. Traditionally, osteolysis around total knee replacements (TKRs) is treated with complete revision. In certain subsets, polyethylene insert exchange and bone grafting may be applicable.