[Etiology of osteonecrosis and bone marrow edema].

Background: The frequent use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) introduced "bone marrow edema" (BME) as a descriptive radiological term for hyperintense signal changes in fluid-sensitive sequences. With the optimization of MRI soft tissue contrast, BME has evolved into a valid prognostic indicator associated with pain genesis, trauma, mechanical overload, and progressive cartilage and joint destruction.

Diagnostics: Both osteonecrosis and BME manifest in early MRI as intraosseous fluid accumulation, characterized by hyperintense signals in T2-weighted and STIR sequences.

The management of chronic paediatric Monteggia fracture-dislocation.

Background: Monteggia fracture-dislocation is a rare and often missed injury in the paediatric population. The neglected radial head dislocation might go unnoticed for several months, but usually becomes symptomatic at a certain point in time, posing a complex clinical problem. Management strategies for chronic Monteggia lesions have been proposed by many authors.