Computerized manufacturing of transparent face masks for the treatment of facial scarring.

In this work an integrated system of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing specifically designed to fabricate affordable transparent face masks is discussed. FaceScan, a custom-designed software system, integrates shape capture, mask design, and pattern fabrication. The software controls a linear scan noncontact laser imager for facial topography acquisition and a milling machine for pattern fabrication.

Influence of rotators on the kinematic adaptations in stubby prosthetic gait.

We report on the results of gait analysis in a patient with bilateral knee disarticulation amputations who used short nonarticulated prosthetic limbs (stubbies) to meet his ambulation needs over an extended period. To compensate for the loss of knee and ankle articulations, exaggerated pelvic obliquity (hip hiking), transverse pelvic rotation, and hip abduction were needed to ensure limb clearance and a functional step length. The addition of rotators to the prostheses improved gait velocity and reduced the perceived exertion of walking by favorably altering center of mass energetics.