The effectiveness of PROLOTHERAPY for recalcitrant Medial TIBIAL Stress Syndrome: a prospective consecutive CASE series.

Background: Medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS) is one of the most common lower leg injuries in sporting populations. It accounts for between 6 and 16% of all running injuries, and up to 53% of lower leg injuries in military recruits. Various treatment modalities are available with varying degrees of success.

Outcomes of prolotherapy for intra-tendinous Achilles tears: a case series.

Background: The intra-tendinous tear is a new pathology that is defined as a discontinuity of fibres situated entirely within the tendon. Prolotherapy involves injecting an irritant, such as hyperosmolar dextrose, to stimulate a tissue healing response and ultimately reduce pain.

Methods: 43 consecutive patients diagnosed with an intra-tendinous tear were included (27 males: 16 females, mean (SD) age 41 (11.

Intratendinous tears of the Achilles tendon - a new pathology? Analysis of a large 4-year cohort.

Background: Achillodynia is common and includes Achilles tendinopathy, partial Achilles tears and Achilles tendon ruptures. However, we believe an additional pathology should be considered for Achillodynia differentials - the intratendinous tear (ITT).

Methods: Examinations of 740 achillodynic patients in one specialist centre were reviewed.

High volume image-guided injections and structured rehabilitation improve greater trochanter pain syndrome in the short and medium term: a combined retrospective and prospective case series.

Background: the aim of this study was to measure the effects of high volume image-guided injections and structured rehabilitation (HVIGI&SR) for greater trochanter pain syndrome (GTPS).

Methods: 31 consecutive subjects were recruited (23 retrospectively; 8 prospectively) over 5 months. GTPS was diagnosed based on history and examination findings, alongside radiological examination.

High volume image-guided Injections for patellar tendinopathy: a combined retrospective and prospective case series.

Background: the aim was to quantify the effect of a novel high volume-image guided injection (HVIGI) technique for recalcitrant patellar tendinopathy (PT).

Methods: twenty patients (8 prospective; 12 retrospective) with ultrasonographically confirmed proximal PT were recruited. A HVIGI under ultra-sound guidance of 10 ml 0.

Medial tibial pain pressure threshold algometry in runners.

Purpose: Pressure algometry (PA) may provide an objective and standardised tool in assessing palpation pain over the tibia. The purpose of this study was to analyse the intra-rater repeatability of PA and to determine whether tibial tenderness in healthy runners differ from runners with medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS).

Methods: Pressure algometry was performed on 20 asymptomatic runners (40 legs) and 9 MTSS patients (14 symptomatic legs) at standardised locations along the medial border of the tibia.

The pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of stress fractures in postmenopausal women.

Introduction: Increasing numbers of elderly individuals are now participating in marathons. With increased participation in running, there has been an increase in the diagnosis of stress fractures in the elderly population. Postmenopausal women are particularly at risk due to osteoporosis.

Site of maximum neovascularisation correlates with the site of pain in recalcitrant mid-tendon Achilles tendinopathy.

Background: Neovascularisation is associated with pain in Achilles tendinopathy (AT). The anatomical relationship between ultrasound (US)-defined indicators of tendinopathy and clinically determined pain sites has not been investigated.

Purpose: To measure the spatial correlation between the sites of maximum palpated tenderness, site of patient-indicated pain, maximum US-determined neovascularisation and maximum antero-posterior tendon thickness in patients with chronic recalcitrant AT (CRAT).

The short-term effects of high volume image guided injections in resistant non-insertional Achilles tendinopathy.

We investigated neovascularisation, tendon thickness and clinical function in chronic resistant Achilles tendinopathy following high volume image guided injections (HVIGI). The subjects involved 11 athletes (mean age 43.5 years+/-11.

High volume ultrasound guided injections at the interface between the patellar tendon and Hoffa's body are effective in chronic patellar tendinopathy: A pilot study.

Purpose: To evaluate a novel conservative management modality for patellar tendinopathy.

Methods: We recruited nine patients with patellar tendinopathy who had failed conservative management and showed evidence of neovascularisation on power Doppler scanning. A high volume ultrasound guided injection at the interface between the patellar tendon and Hoffa's body.

High volume image guided injections in chronic Achilles tendinopathy.

Purpose: To determine the effectiveness of high volume image guided injections (HVIGI) for chronic Achilles tendinopathy.

Methods: We included in the study 30 consecutive patients (mean age 37.2 years, range 24 - 58 years) with Achilles tendinopathy for a mean of 35.