[Second-step strategies in antidepressant pharmacotherapy : Results of current meta-analyses].

Background: Antidepressant pharmacotherapy often does not result in the desired effect despite adequate duration and dose. Better evidence on second-step strategies is needed.

Objective: Overview of the current evidence for various pharmacological second-step strategies after nonresponse to antidepressant monotherapy.

Incidence of antidepressant discontinuation symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Antidepressant discontinuation symptoms are becoming an increasingly important part of clinical practice, but the incidence of antidepressant discontinuation symptoms has not been quantified. An estimate of antidepressant discontinuation symptoms incidence could inform patients and clinicians in the discontinuation of treatment, and provide useful information to researchers in antidepressant treatments. We aimed to assess the incidence of antidepressant discontinuation symptoms in patients discontinuing both antidepressants and placebo in the published literature.

Differential Outcomes of Placebo Treatment Across 9 Psychiatric Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Importance: Placebo is the only substance systematically evaluated across common psychiatric diagnoses, but comprehensive cross-diagnostic comparisons are lacking.

Objective: To compare changes in placebo groups in recent high-quality randomized clinical trials (RCTs) across a broad spectrum of psychiatric disorders in adult patients.

Data Sources: MEDLINE and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were systematically searched in March 2022 for the latest systematic reviews meeting predetermined high-quality criteria for 9 major psychiatric diagnoses.

[Depression: Low-threshold Cardinal Measures as a Complement or Alternative to Pharmacological or Psychotherapeutic Interventions].

The third edition of the German National Clinical Practice Guideline for Depression emphasizes the significance of cardinal measures much more strongly than before. Low-threshold cardinal measures are an indispensable component of every depression treatment, regardless of severity and setting. They are suitable as a standalone treatment for mild and moderate depression.

Antidepressants and Social Functioning in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled RCTs.

Introduction: Social functioning (SF) is the ability to fulfil one's social obligations and a key outcome in treatment.

Objective: The aim of the study was to estimate the effects of antidepressants on SF in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD).

Methods: This meta-analysis and its reporting are based on Cochrane Collaboration's Handbook of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses and PRISMA guidelines (protocol registration at OSF).

Antidepressants and quality of life in patients with major depressive disorder - Systematic review and meta-analysis of double-blind, placebo-controlled RCTs.

Background: Quality of Life (QoL) is an important outcome in mental disorders. We investigated whether antidepressant pharmacotherapy improved QoL vs. placebo among patients with MDD.

Hyperthyroidism and clinical depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Hyperthyroidism and clinical depression are common, and there is preliminary evidence of substantial comorbidity. The extent of the association in the general population, however, has not yet been estimated meta-analytically. Therefore we conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis (registered in PROSPERO: CRD42020164791).

Dose effects of tricyclic antidepressants in the treatment of acute depression - A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials.

Background: Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) continue to be an important group of drugs, but it is unclear whether a dose-response relationship is supported by high-level evidence.

Methods: Systematic review in the Cochrane Collaboration's Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) of studies randomizing patients to at least two doses of one TCA, complemented by searches in Medline, Embase, and PsycInfo. In multilevel regression, we calculated the standardized mean difference (SMD) in antidepressant efficacy per mg TCA dose increase, and we analyzed drop-outs due to adverse events.

Combining Antidepressants vs Antidepressant Monotherapy for Treatment of Patients With Acute Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Importance: Combining antidepressants is frequently done in the treatment of acute depression, but studies have yielded conflicting results.

Objective: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis assessing efficacy and tolerability of combination therapy. Combinations using presynaptic α2-autoreceptor antagonists or bupropion were investigated separately.

Clinical manifestations and immunomodulatory treatment experiences in psychiatric patients with suspected autoimmune encephalitis: a case series of 91 patients from Germany.

Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) can rarely manifest as a predominantly psychiatric syndrome without overt neurological symptoms. This study's aim was to characterize psychiatric patients with AE; therefore, anonymized data on patients with suspected AE with predominantly or isolated psychiatric syndromes were retrospectively collected. Patients with readily detectable neurological symptoms suggestive of AE (e.

Dose-Response Relationship in Selective Serotonin and Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors in the Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder: A Meta-Analysis and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Introduction: Selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRI) are among the most prescribed antidepressants, and dose escalation is a frequently applied strategy after non-response to an initially prescribed dose.

Objective: This meta-analysis aimed to find evidence of a dose-response relationship or to the contrary in direct comparisons of different SNRI doses in patients with major depressive disorder.

Methods: A systematic literature search for RCTs comparing at least two doses of SNRIs was carried out in CENTRAL, PubMed, PsycINFO, and EMBASE.

Electrocardiographic Changes During Initiation of Lithium Augmentation of Antidepressant Pharmacotherapy.

Purpose/background: Lithium augmentation of antidepressants represents a common strategy to overcome treatment resistance in patients with major depressive disorder. The use of lithium has been associated with cardiovascular adverse effects such as QTc prolongation and tachyarrhythmia. Although the previous studies investigated monotherapy with lithium, the aim of this study was to investigate electrocardiographic changes in LA.

Association of Hypothyroidism and Clinical Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Importance: Hypothyroidism is considered a cause of or a strong risk factor for depression, but recent studies provide conflicting evidence regarding the existence and the extent of the association. It is also unclear whether the link is largely due to subsyndromal depression or holds true for clinical depression.

Objective: To estimate the association of hypothyroidism and clinical depression in the general population.

Faster speed of onset of the depressive episode is associated with lower cytokine serum levels (IL-2, -4, -6, -10, TNF-α and IFN-γ) in patients with major depression.

Introduction: Cytokines might play a key role in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). The speed of onset of depressive episodes has been discussed as an important clinical parameter in MDD. The aim of this study was to investigate a potential influence of the speed of onset of the depressive episode on cytokine serum levels.

Controlled drinking-non-abstinent versus abstinent treatment goals in alcohol use disorder: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression.

Background And Aims: The proportion of untreated patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) exceeds that of any other mental health disorder, and treatment alternatives are needed. A widely discussed strategy is to depart from the abstinence paradigm as part of controlled drinking approaches. This first systematic review with meta-analysis aims to assess the efficacy of non-abstinent treatment strategies compared with abstinence-based strategies.

Antipsychotic Withdrawal Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: Avoiding withdrawal symptoms following antipsychotic discontinuation is an important factor when planning a safe therapy. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis concerning occurrence of withdrawal symptoms after discontinuation of antipsychotics.

Data Sources: We searched the databases CENTRAL, Pubmed, and EMBASE with no restriction to the beginning of the searched time period and until October 1, 2019 (PROSPERO registration no.