Glycemic excursion minimization in the management of type 2 diabetes: a novel intervention tested in a randomized clinical trial.

Introduction: This study of adults with type 2 diabetes employed a non-inferiority hypothesis to investigate whether an innovative lifestyle focused on minimizing postnutrient blood glucose (BG) excursions (glycemic excursion minimization (GEM)) would be equivalent or superior to conventional weight loss (WL) therapy in regard to reducing HbA1c, and superior to WL when investigating physical, behavioral and psychological secondary outcomes. The impact of BG feedback on GEM efficacy was also investigated.

Research Design And Methods: 178 adults with type 2 diabetes for ≤10 years, HbA1c ≥6.

Minimizing Glucose Excursions (GEM) With Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

This study aimed to compare conventional medication management of type 2 diabetes (T2D) to medication management in conjunction with a lifestyle intervention using continuous glucose monitoring to minimize glucose excursions. Thirty adults (63% female; mean age, 53.3 years) who were diagnosed with T2D for less than 11 years (mean, 5.

A Pilot Study Comparing Newly Licensed Drivers With and Without Autism and Experienced Drivers in Simulated and On-Road Driving.

This study compared newly licensed drivers with and without autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and experienced drivers. Twenty new drivers (8 with ASD) and 16 experienced drivers completed the Driving Attitude Scale (DAS) and drove a simulator and an instrumented vehicle. Heart rate (HR), galvanic skin response (GSR), wrist movement, eye-gaze and driving performance were monitored.

Behavioral Strategies to Lower Postprandial Glucose in Those with Type 2 Diabetes May Also Lower Risk of Coronary Heart Disease.

Introduction: Efforts to lower glycosylated hemoglobin (A1c) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are intended to reduce the risk of diabetic complications, but A1c is not the only factor contributing to this risk. Consequently, we re-analyzed published data from a broad-spectrum lifestyle intervention that lowered A1c to assess its effectiveness in lowering the overall risk of two complications of T2D, namely, coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke.

Methods: Data from 37 adults who participated in a randomized clinical trial of a lifestyle intervention intended to reduce postprandial glucose (PPG) were re-analyzed for their pre- and post-treatment risk of CHD and stroke using the T2D-specific UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) v2.

Predicting and Reducing Driving Mishaps Among Drivers With Type 1 Diabetes.

Objective: Two aims of this study were to develop and validate A) a metric to identify drivers with type 1 diabetes at high risk of future driving mishaps and B) an online intervention to reduce mishaps among high-risk drivers.

Research Design And Methods: To achieve aim A, in study 1, 371 drivers with type 1 diabetes from three U.S.

Distances appear different on hills.

When walking effort is increased due to manipulations such as wearing heavy backpacks, people perceive hills to be steeper and distances to be farther (Bhalla & Proffitt, 1999; Proffitt, Stefanucci, Banton, & Epstein, 2003). On the basis of these findings, we expected people to overestimate distances on steep hills relative to the same distances on flat ground, because of the increased effort required to ascend or descend them. This hypothesis is in contrast to the belief that distances are specified solely by optical and oculomotor information related to the geometry of the environment.

The role of effort in perceiving distance.

Berkeley proposed that space is perceived in terms of effort. Consistent with his proposal, the present studies show that perceived egocentric distance increases when people are encumbered by wearing a heavy backpack or have completed a visual-motor adaptation that reduces the anticipated optic flow coinciding with walking effort. In accord with Berkeley's proposal and Gibson's theory of affordances, these studies show that the perception of spatial layout is influenced by locomotor effort.