[Application of cryodestruction in the treatment of the bone giant cell tumor].

In 25 patients in the Division of tumors of the support-movement apparatus the osteoplastic operations were performed, using intraoperative cryodestruction, after excision of the giant cell tumor of the bone. During the patients observation follow-up postoperative complications, recurrences and metastases of the tumor were not revealed.

[Recombinant interleukin-2 (roncoleukin) in therapy of the patients with skin melanoma].

The article deals with a problem of combined use of interferon (laferon) and interleukin in patients with skin melanoma. Recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) was included into the worked-out scheme. Patients with primary-localized skin melanoma (T(2-4)N0M0) have been studied.

[Modern methods of diagnosis of giant-cell tumor of bone].

As many as 170 patients with giant cell tumour of the bone were examined in the Institute of Oncology department of tumours of the locomotorium. The diagnosis of giant cell tumour of the bone was made with a comprehensive approach to the patients pursued to include roentgenography, computerized tomography, biopsy involving histological study of the specimens taken.

[Clinical manifestations of giant cell tumor of bone].

Over the period of past five years, in the department of tumours of the locomotorium of the Institute of Oncology, 170 patients with giant cell tumor of the bone who ranged from 7 to 72 years old were examined. Of these, 152 patients were cured, 14 experienced recurrences of the tumour after the treatments administered, four patients died within different time periods after the treatment conducted as a result of metastizing of the tumour into different organs and systems (lungs, liver, bony skeleton).

[Use of local magnitothermia in the treatment of patients with primary-confined skin melanoma].

We studied modifying potentialities of high temperatures in treatment regimens with adjuvant endolymphatic chemo- and interferontherapy of malignant melanoma of the skin. We had previously obtained enough evidence for expediency of adjuvant endolymphatic therapy of primary-localized melanoblastoma of the skin. Added to the preventive treatment regimens were sessions of local magnetothermia.

[Experimental studies on the effect of ceramic materials on cellular and humoral immunity].

It has been established in an experimental setting in laboratory animals through testing a number of reactions such as active skin anaphylaxis reaction, mast cell degranulation reaction, specific leucocyte lysis reaction, delayed hypersensitivity reaction, and graft-versus-host reaction that ceramic preparations hydroxilapatite M and osteogel-7 have no sensitizing effects; osteogel-7 is not endowed with immunomodulating activity, which fact suggests to us its immunological inertness.

[Long-term results of treatment of patients with bone tumors using hydroxyapatite and calcium phosphate ceramic implants].

On the basis of experimental-and-clinical investigations it has been found out that the home-produced hydroxylapatite (HA)- and tricalciumphosphate(TCP)-based ceramic material is capable owing to specificities of its chemical structure and osteoinductive action of stimulating the reparative osteogenesis and is accompanied by angiogenesis. No ill effects have been noted in its use in bone plastic surgery. An apparent clinical effect has been shown to occur in postsurgical patients (n = 120) presenting with giant cell tumour, benign tumours and tumour-like affections of the bones, with the expediency having been ascertained of employment of the HA- and TCP-base ceramic material in the treatment of the above patients.

[Patient medical rehabilitation following osteoplastic operations using hydroxylapatite-based porous ceramic].

At the URIOP Department of Tumours of the Locomotor System, osseous plastic operations were performed with making use of hydroxilapatite-base porous ceramics in 60 patients with benign tumours of bone and tumour-like lesions of bone. Apart from surgery the patients underwent a complex of rehabilitative measures, such as remedial gymnastics, massage, designed to restore locomotor functions of the extremity. Time periods of medical rehabilitation of patients were found to have gotten reduced by 1 to 2 months on the average providing the multimodality treatments with remedial gymnastics and massage were administered.

[The use of ceramics in osteoplastic operations in onco-orthopedics].

Hydroxilapatite-base ceramics was made use of in 70 cases in bone-plastic operations as a material to substitute bone defects following excision of osteal neoplasms. In all cases, the ceramic material was made contact with the bone bed. There were no ceramics-related adverse local or generalized reactions.

[Prevention and treatment of regional lymphatic metastasis of cutaneous melanoma].

The results of treatment of the patients with I-II stage skin melanoma (including 84 with I stage melanoma of skin of the extremities and trunk, 59--with metastases of melanoblastoma to the regional lymph nodes) who underwent endolymphatic chemotherapy in addition to the radical operation are presented. A statistically significant improval of the results was established when compared with those of the surgical treatment.

[Pathomorphosis of metastatic malignant melanoma of the skin as effected by preoperative endolymphatic polychemotherapy].

In 59 patients with malignant skin melanoma, the effect of regional endolymphatic therapy on pathomorphosis of lymphogenic metastases and long-term results of treatment was studied. The essential morphologic changes at the sites of melanoma and higher indices of patients' survival in the group studied when compared to the control group have been noted.

[Thymus endocrine function and the immune system indices of cancer patients after neutron and gamma therapy].

Patients with head and neck and locomotor system tumors received neutron therapy in the total doses of 4-8 and 12-14 Gy which was followed by a pronounced dose-dependent decrease in the serum thymus factor and total blood-lymphocyte levels. The latter changes were predominantly due to a decrease in the non-T-non-B cell concentration. Following the treatment, a rise in the level of circulating immune complexes and those of IgA and IgG was observed.

[Combined interventions in non-organic neoplasms of the small pelvis].

Experience with 62 combined operations on patients with nonorganic new growths of the true pelvis is discussed. They accounted for 33.3% of 227 radical interventions undertaken for this disease.

[The prevention of skin melanoma metastases to the regional lymph nodes].

Results are reported of the treatment of 82 patients with grade 1 melanoma of the skin of extremities and trunk. Endolymphatic chemotherapy was carried out after surgery. During the first postoperative year metastases to the regional lymph nodes developed in 15.

[Effects of recombinant interleukin-2 on several characteristics of functional activity of lymphocytes from the lymph nodes regional to tumor and mononuclear cells of peripheral blood in cancer patients].

The level of endogenous production of IL-2 by lymphocytes of lymph nodes regional to tumour and by mononuclear cells of peripheral blood, proliferative response of these cell to recombinant IL-2, as well as a modifying influence of autologous serum and actively proliferating bioptats of autologous tumours on enumerated parameters have been studied in cancer patients (tumours of the head and neck and locomotor system). Regional IL-2-dependent immunotherapy of malignant tumors with obligatory preliminary testing for individual sensitivity of the tumor bioptat to the influence of the RIL-2 and RIL-2 activated lymphocytes is shown to be promising.

[Fast neutrons in the treatment of soft tissue sarcomas].

Results of treatment of 101 cases of soft tissue sarcoma are presented in the paper. Preoperative irradiation technique and radical program of treatment are described. Combined radiation and surgical treatment was given to 45 patients whereas conservative--to 56.

[The combination treatment of malignant bone tumors using fast neutrons].

The study deals with results of a clinical trial evaluating treatment efficacy of a 6 MeV neutron beam produced by Y-120 cyclotron (Kiev). Procedures of preoperative radiotherapy and radical treatment are discussed. Radiotherapy was administered to 52 patients suffering chondrosarcoma (30 cases), osteogenic sarcoma (15) or chordoma (7).

[Clinico-morphologic manifestations of the regression of a primary focus of malignant melanoma of the skin].

The general laws and clinico-morphologic peculiarities of the regression of cutaneous melanoma in 4 patients, which occurred spontaneously or under the influence of the local use of non-conventional methods of therapy are presented. It is shown that resorption of primary neoplasm is not the ultimate outcome of the tumour process, and because of the development of metastases, the prognosis remains unfavourable. Regression of a primary focus of cutaneous melanoma is estimated as one of the manifestations of the progression of tumour growth.

[Disorders of immune system function and their correction in melanomas with regional metastases].

Dysfunction of the thymus and the immune system in patients with melanoma was shown to be in direct correlation with tumor extent. The use of thymosin-like immunomodulator was followed by the most apparent recovery of the parameters studied in patients with localized melanoma resulting in improved clinical course of the disease. In cases of tumor spread into regional lymph nodes, immunologic disorders observed were identical to those registered prior to treatment.

[Possibilities of preclinical and differential diagnosis of malignant neoformations according to the percentage of large granular lymphocytes].

The paper discusses the results of application of a simple and easily available method of measuring levels of large granule-containing lymphocytes for identification of risk for cancer during mass screenings and differential diagnosis of benign and malignant tumor before morphological examination.