Elucidating β-1,3-Glucanase and Peroxidase Physicochemical Properties of Wheat Cell Wall Defense Mechanism against Diuraphis noxia Infestation.

Wheat plants infested by Russian wheat aphids (RWA) induce a cascade of defense responses, including the hypersensitive responses (HR) and induction of pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins, such as β-1,3-glucanase and peroxidase (POD). This study aims to characterize the physicochemical properties of cell wall-associated POD and β-1,3-glucanase and determine their synergism on the cell wall modification during RWASA2-wheat interaction. The susceptible Tugela, moderately resistant Tugela-Dn1, and resistant Tugela-Dn5 cultivars were pregerminated and planted under greenhouse conditions, fertilized 14 days after planting, and irrigated every 3 days.

Genome-wide association analysis of Russian wheat aphid (Diuraphis noxia) resistance in Dn4 derived wheat lines evaluated in South Africa.

Russian wheat aphid (RWA; Diuraphis noxia Kurdjumov) resistance on the 1D chromosome of wheat has been the subject of intensive research. Conversely, the deployment of the Dn4 derived RWA resistant varieties diminished in recent years due to the overcoming of the resistance it imparts in the United States of America. However, this resistance has not been deployed in South Africa despite reports that Dn4 containing genotypes exhibited varying levels of resistance against the South African RWA biotypes.

Elusive Diagnostic Markers for Russian Wheat Aphid Resistance in Bread Wheat: Deliberating and Reviewing the Status Quo.

Russian wheat aphid, (Kurdjumov), is a severe pest of wheat, L., throughout the world. Resistant cultivars are viewed as the most economical and environmentally viable control available.

Enzymatic chlorophyll degradation in wheat near-isogenic lines elicited by cereal aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) feeding.

Chlorophyll degradation enzyme (i.e., chlorophyllase, Mg-dechelatase, and chlorophyll oxidase) activities of aphid-infested and uninfested 'Tugela' and Tugela near-isogenic wheat lines (i.

Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) resistance in wheat near-isogenic lines.

Plant and aphid biomass, photosynthetic pigment (chlorophylls a and b and carotenoids) concentrations, and chlorophyll a/b and chlorophyll/carotenoid ratios were quantified in aphid-infested 'Tugela' near-isogenic lines (Tugela, Tugela-Dn1, Tugela-Dn2, and Tugela-Dn5). The objectives were to quantify changes of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophylls a and b, and carotenoids) caused by aphid feeding and assess resistance of wheat isolines through aphid and plant biomass analysis. Biomass of bird cherry-oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi (L.

Comparison of chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations among Russian wheat aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae)-infested wheat isolines.

Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko), feeding injury on 'Betta' wheat isolines with the Dn1 and Dn2 genes was compared by assessing chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations, and aphid fecundity. The resistant Betta isolines (i.e.

Resistance to biotic and abiotic stress in the Triticeae.

Poverty, hunger and malnutrition occur in many parts of the world despite the enormous progress that has taken place in agriculture and food production in the last century. It is estimated for wheat, that by 2020 the world will require a 60% increase in production to meet the projected requirement. Resistance to both biotic and abiotic stresses will be critical in reaching this goal.