"The Septum and Nasomaxillary Vault Associated with Unrepaired Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate: A Data-Driven 3D Model".

Background: Defining the nature of the unilateral cleft lip and palate nasal deformity (uCLND) and its optimal surgical correction continues to be a challenge. The purpose of this study was to develop a data-driven model of the primary unrepaired osseocartilaginous skeleton of the nasomaxillary complex.

Methods: CT scans of nineteen 3-month-old infants with unrepaired unilateral cleft lip and palate and nineteen age- and race-matched controls were analyzed.

Gender-Affirming Facial Surgery: Lower Third of the Face.

This article is intended to give the reader an overview of facial gender-affirming procedures applicable to the lower face and neck. A review of facial analysis in the context of masculine versus feminine facial features and the contributions of both soft tissue and bone to this anatomy is provided. The use of systematic facial evaluation and patient-driven concerns as a guide for presurgical planning is reviewed.

Correlating structure and photophysical properties in thiazolo[5,4-]thiazole crystal derivatives for use in solid-state photonic and fluorescence-based optical devices.

There is a growing demand for new fluorescent small molecule dyes for solid state applications in the photonics and optoelectronics industry. Thiazolo[5,4-]thiazole (TTz) is an organic heterocycle moiety which has previously shown remarkable properties as a conjugated polymer and in solution-based studies. For TTz-based small molecules to be incorporated in solid-state fluorescence-based optical devices, a thorough elucidation of their structure-photophysical properties needs to be established.

Does the Low and Short Medial Cut Affect Lingual Nerve Recovery after Sagittal Split Osteotomy?

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the recovery of lingual nerve (LN) neurosensory function in patients undergoing sagittal split osteotomy (SSO) with a low and short medial horizontal cut.

Methods: This was a prospective study of patients with mandibular deformities undergoing SSO with a low and short medial horizontal cut over a 4-year period. The outcomes of interest were neurosensory recovery of the LN, as assessed objectively using functional sensory recovery (FSR) and subjectively by patient report.

Pediatric Nasal and Septal Fractures.

Pediatric nasal bone and septal fractures represent a large number of craniofacial injuries in children each year. Due to their differences in anatomy and potential for growth and development, the management of these injuries varies slightly from that of the adult population. As with most pediatric fractures, there is a bias toward less-invasive management to limit disruption to future growth.

Management of the Inferior Alveolar Nerve in Large Sagittal Split Advancements: To Free or Not?

Summary: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether neurosensory recovery of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) is influenced by its location following sagittal split osteotomy (SSO) in patients undergoing large mandibular movements. This was a prospective, split-mouth study of skeletally mature patients undergoing bilateral SSO. Patients were included as study subjects if they underwent bilateral SSO for mandibular advancement greater than 10 mm and, following the splits, the IAN was freely entering the distal segment on one side and within the proximal segment on the other.

Fronto-Orbital Advancement for Metopic and Unilateral Coronal Craniosynostoses.

Fronto-orbital advancement remains a powerful technique for the correction of anterior cranial vault differences related to metopic (trigonocephaly) or unilateral coronal (anterior plagiocephaly) craniosynostoses. Traditional fronto-orbital advancement requires access to the forehead and superior 2/3 of the orbit via a coronal incision. The frontal bone and orbital segment (bandeau) are then separated from the skull and reshaped.

Management of Artery-Only Digit Replantation: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Background: Artery-only replantation may be necessary in circumstances when venous repair cannot be performed due to their size or vessel injury. Venous congestion of the replanted part is inevitable. A systematic review was performed to identify techniques for mitigating congestion and analyze the outcomes of those techniques.

Burn Outcomes at Extremes of Body Mass Index: Underweight Is as Problematic as Morbid Obesity.

Limited evidence suggests that obesity adversely affects burn outcomes. However, the impacts of body mass index (BMI) across the continuum have not been fully characterized. Therefore, we aimed to characterize outcomes after burn injury across the BMI continuum.

National Evaluation of the Association Between Resident Labor Union Participation and Surgical Resident Well-being.

Importance: Labor unions are purported to improve working conditions; however, little evidence exists regarding the effect of resident physician unions.

Objective: To evaluate the association of resident unions with well-being, educational environment, salary, and benefits among surgical residents in the US.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This national cross-sectional survey study was based on a survey administered in January 2019 after the American Board of Surgery In-Training Examination (ABSITE).

Early Masseter to Facial Nerve Transfer May Improve Smile Excursion in Facial Paralysis.

Background: Masseter-to-facial nerve transfer has been shown to be an effective and safe treatment option in patients with acute and subacute facial palsy. The present article aims to characterize whether there is a benefit in early nerve transfers while minimizing other confounding variables; we present a study that consist of only patients with complete facial nerve paralysis resulting from intratemporal facial nerve resections.

Methods: Between 2012 and 2016, 7 masseter-to-facial nerve transfers were performed for complete facial nerve palsy after intratemporal proximal nerve resections.

Relational Anatomy of the Mimetic Muscles and Its Implications on Free Functional Muscle Inset in Facial Reanimation.

Background: The human smile is a complex coordinated activity of mimetic muscles predominantly recognizable by a superolateral pull at the commissure and elevation of the upper lip. The aim of this study was to revisit the muscles of facial expression responsible for these motions, evaluate their relational anatomy and orientation, and relate this to optimal positioning of free muscle transfer in smile reanimation.

Methods: Nineteen hemifaces from fresh cadaveric specimens were dissected.

Correlation between Facial Nerve Axonal Load and Age and Its Relevance to Facial Reanimation.

Background: Two-stage facial reanimation procedures with a cross-facial nerve graft often have unsatisfactory results in the older patient. Although the cause of result variability is likely multifactorial, some studies suggest that increased donor nerve axonal load improves function of a free muscle transfer after a cross-facial nerve graft. This study attempts to characterize the relationship between age and facial nerve axonal load.

Effect of i.v. furosemide on pelvic urinary oxygen tension in humans.

Urinary oxygen tension may be an index of renal medullary blood flow. The effect of i.v.

Comparison of the use of the laryngeal mask and face mask by inexperienced personnel.

Ten junior doctors with no postgraduate anaesthetic experience attempted to ventilate the lungs of 50 anaesthetized patients, using either a laryngeal mask or a Guedel airway and face mask. Success was defined as the production of two successive tidal volumes exceeding 800 ml within 40 s. The failure rate was significantly greater using the laryngeal mask compared with the face mask (P < 0.

RCN should be more thoughtful.

Bank name and account number; address of employer; date of completion of nurse training; RCN membership number and expiry date; even the address of the regional office: all this very personal information is available for anyone to see, everytime the RCN uses those blue plastic envelopes to send out its mailings in. 'Private and confidential' it says on the front. What a joke!

Hepatitis B vaccine: immunogenicity and follow-up including two year booster doses in high-risk health care personnel in a London teaching hospital.

One hundred forty-four adult health care personnel (aged 18-62 years, median 33 years) considered at high risk of future HBV infection were vaccinated with a plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine (20 micrograms HBVax at 0, 1, and 6 months) and followed-up for 2 years. Anti-HBs was present in only 6.9% prior to vaccination, and prescreening to detect this group would not have been cost-effective.