The Effect of Childhood Obesity on Intraocular Pressure, Corneal Biomechanics, Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer, and Central Macular Thickness.

Prcis: Elevated corneal hysteresis (CH) and resistance factor (CRF) in obese and overweight children imply weight's effect on corneal biomechanics. Increased Goldmann-correlated intraocular pressure (IOPg) in obese children indicates glaucoma risk, emphasizing screening for IOP and retinal changes.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of obesity on corneal biomechanics, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), and central macular thickness (CMT) in children.

Thyroid volume in Turkish school-age children living in an iodine-sufficient region.

Objectives: We aimed to obtain local normative data on thyroid volume evaluated by ultrasonography and iodine status by measuring urine iodine levels in school-age children living in Aydın province.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a sample comprising 1,553 cases was meticulously selected from a total cohort of 170,461 children aged 6-17, drawn from 21 distinct educational institutions located within the Aydın region, as participants in the investigation. Those with a known chronic disease or thyroid disease were excluded from the study.

Associations of Adipocyte-derived Versican and Macrophage-derived Biglycan with Body Adipose Tissue and Hepatosteatosis in Obese Children.

Objective: In animal models of obesity, adipocyte-derived versican, and macrophage-derived biglycan play a crucial role in mediating adipose tissue inflammation. The aim was to investigate levels of versican and biglycan in obese children and any potential association with body adipose tissue and hepatosteatosis.

Methods: Serum levels of versican, biglycan, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were measured by ELISA.

Clinical Characteristics of Children with Combined Pituitary Hormone Deficiency and the Effects of Growth Hormone Treatment.

Aim: We aimed to describe the clinical characteristics of patients with congenital combined pituitary hormone deficiency (CPHD) and evaluate the first-year growth responses of individuals with CPHD and isolated growth hormone deficiency (IGHD) in order to establish the influence of other hormone deficiencies on growth response.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in four tertiary care centers in Turkey. The records of patients diagnosed with CPHD (n=39) and severe IGHD (n=50) were collected.

Growth Hormone Dosing Estimations Based on Body Weight Versus Body Surface Area.

Objective: Both body weight (BW)- and body surface area (BSA)-based dosing regimens have been recommended for growth hormone (rhGH) replacement. The aim was to compare the two regimens to determine if either resulted in inadequate treatment depending on anthropometric factors.

Methods: The retrospective study included children diagnosed with idiopathic isolated growth hormone deficiency.

Cooccurring Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Autoimmune Thyroiditis in a Girl with Craniofrontonasal Syndrome: Are Variants Associated with Autoimmunity?

Craniofrontonasal syndrome (CFNS), also known as craniofrontonasal dysplasia, is an X-linked inherited developmental malformation caused by mutations in the ephrin B1 () gene. The main phenotypic features of the syndrome are coronal synostosis, hypertelorism, bifid nasal tip, dry and curly hair, and longitudinal splitting of nails. A 9-year-and-11-month-old girl with CFNS was admitted due to polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and abdominal pain.

Cutaneous manifestations of obesity in Turkish children: A comparative study.

Background: Cutaneous changes in obese adults have been investigated in numerous studies, but this issue has not been adequately investigated in children.

Objectives: We aimed to determine the prevalence of skin manifestations in children with obesity by comparing them to normal-weight children.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between June 2017 and January 2019 in which 82 children with obesity and 86 normal-weight healthy control children were enrolled.

Clinical, genetic characteristics and treatment outcomes of children and adolescents with osteogenesis imperfecta: a two-center experience.

Background: Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), is a heritable, heterogeneous connective tissue disorder, characterized by fragile bones. There are conflicting results about genotype-phenotype correlations and efficiency of bisphosphonate treatment in this disorder.

Aim: We aimed to evaluate the clinical, genetic characteristics, and long-term follow-up results of children and adolescents with OI.

The association of lactating mothers' urinary and breast milk iodine levels with iodine nutrition status and thyroid hormone levels of newborns.

Objective: To explore the iodine status of lactating mother-newborn pairs, and whether neonatal serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) can be used for estimation of iodine status of the population.

Materials And Methods: A total of 334 mothers and their healthy neonates were included. Urine, serum, and breast milk samples were obtained at 4th and 6th days of delivery.

Evaluation of Serum 25(OH)D Levels in Obese and Normal-Weight Children with Carious and Hypomineralized Teeth.

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the association between dental caries, molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) and obesity in relationship with different vitamin D levels in children.

Study Design: This retrospective case-controlled study enrolled 455 children aged 6-18 years, who attended to both pediatric endocrinology and pediatric dentistry clinics at the Aydin Adnan Menderes University Hospital, Turkey. Vitamin D status was measured with serum (25(OH)D) concentrations.

Does fludrocortisone treatment cause hypomagnesemia in children with primary adrenal insufficiency?

Background/aim: Aldosterone is a mineralocorticoid that secreted from adrenal glands and a known factor to increase magnesium excretion by direct and indirect effects on renal tubular cells. Although the frequency of hypomagnesemia was found to be approximately 5% in adult studies, there is no study in the literature investigating the frequency of hypomagnesemia in children by using fludrocortisone, which has a mineralocorticoid activity.

Materials And Methods: A multi-center retrospective study was conducted, including children who were under fludrocortisone treatment for primary adrenal insufficiency and applied to participant pediatric endocrinology outpatient clinics.

Experience with Real-Time Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Newborns with Congenital Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia.

Background: Effective treatment and close monitoring of hypoglycemia in children with congenital hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia (CHH) is vital to prevent brain damage. The current use of capillary sampling schedules does not provide a comprehensive assessment of glycemic status and fails to detect asymptomatic hypoglycemia episodes.

Aim: To investigate the efficacy and accuracy of a real-time continuous glucose monitoring system (RT-CGMS) in neonates with CHH.

The relation of serum endocan and soluble endoglin levels with metabolic control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Objectives Endothelial dysfunction is an early marker of vascular disease in Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). In the present study, we aimed to investigate serum endocan and soluble endoglin (S-endoglin) levels, and their relation with metabolic control in children with T1DM, which was not previously assessed. Methods A total of 64 T1DM subjects and 64 healthy subjects were included in this study.

Pons ratio as a potential diagnostic biomarker for the detection of growth hormone deficiency in children.

Introduction: Pituitary insufficiency (PI) needs further research to optimize treatment. Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) is a subtype of PI. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the possible relationship between GHD and the anatomical position of the pons as revealed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the pediatric age group.

Bone mineral density and vitamin D status in children with epilepsy, cerebral palsy, and cerebral palsy with epilepsy.

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) disorders and possible risk factors in patients with epilepsy only (EO), cerebral palsy only (CPO), and cerebral palsy-epilepsy (CP + E).

Methods: A total of 122 patients [EO (n = 54), CPO (n = 30), CP + E (n = 38)] and 30 healthy children were evaluated. BMD was only measured in patient groups, not in control subjects.

Evaluation of therapeutics management patterns and glycemic control of pediatric type 1 diabetes mellitus patients in Turkey: A nationwide cross-sectional study.

Aims: To evaluate the management strategies, glycemic control and complications of pediatric type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients in Turkey.

Methods: Study included 498 patients with T1DM between the ages 1-18. Data provided from patients' hospital files were recorded on standard case report forms by applicant clinicians within the 3months of data collection period between October 2012 and July 2013.

Evaluation of arterial stiffness in children with type 1 diabetes using the oscillometric method.

Aims: Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is an accepted evaluation method to assess vascular changes and determine cardiovascular disease risk in type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients. The aim of this study was to identify atherosclerosis risk by using oscillometric device in pediatric patients who had T1D but no end organ impairment and no cardiovascular disease findings.

Materials And Methods: Pediatric patients with T1D and no determined end organ impairment and cardiovascular disease were involved in the study.

Anthropometric findings from birth to adulthood and their relation with karyotpye distribution in Turkish girls with Turner syndrome.

To evaluate the anthropometric features of girls with Turner syndrome (TS) at birth and presentation and the effect of karyotype on these parameters. Data were collected from 842 patients with TS from 35 different centers, who were followed-up between 1984 and 2014 and whose diagnosis age ranged from birth to 18 years. Of the 842 patients, 122 girls who received growth hormone, estrogen or oxandrolone were excluded, and 720 girls were included in the study.

Turner syndrome and associated problems in Turkish children: a multicenter study.

Objective: Turner syndrome (TS) is a chromosomal disorder caused by complete or partial X chromosome monosomy that manifests various clinical features depending on the karyotype and on the genetic background of affected girls. This study aimed to systematically investigate the key clinical features of TS in relationship to karyotype in a large pediatric Turkish patient population.

Methods: Our retrospective study included 842 karyotype-proven TS patients aged 0-18 years who were evaluated in 35 different centers in Turkey in the years 2013-2014.

Isolated hyperthyrotropinemia in childhood obesity and its relation with metabolic parameters.

Purpose: The aim of the presented study was to evaluate the prevalence of isolated hyperthyrotropinemia (IH) in obese children and the relation between anthropometric and metabolic parameters.

Methods: Hospital records of the children, who presented to the Pediatric Endocrinology outpatient clinic of our institution with obesity, and age and gender-matched healthy children, who had undergone thyroid function test for any reason were retrospectively reviewed.

Results: The prevalence of IH was significantly higher in the obese group than in the controls (9.

Monitoring and prognostic evaluation of patients with congenital hypothyroidism treated in a pediatric endocrinology unit.

In this study, the etiological factors, diagnostic approaches, dose, and duration of treatment were compared between cases with transient and permanent congenital hypothyroidism (CH) with respect to prognosis. One hundred and twenty-two patients who received treatments with the diagnosis of CH in the last 10 years were included in the study. The records of the patients were reviewed retrospectively.

The mechanical properties and stiffness of aorta in obese children.

Obesity in children has also been associated with the development of early cardiovascular abnormalities. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between aortic stiffness and some risk factors in obese children. Sixty obese children and 60 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were assessed.

The role of initial clinical and laboratory findings in infants with hyperthyrotropinemia to predict transient or permanent hypothyroidism.

Objective: Studies on the clinical course of children with hyperthyrotropinemia are scarce. We aimed to evaluate the role of presentation findings in such infants to predict eventual outcome.

Methods: Files of infants diagnosed as suspicious congenital hypothyroidism (CH) in the neonatal or early infancy period in the past ten years were analyzed retrospectively, and 37 patients (M/F: 20/17) with hyperthyrotropinemia diagnosed at a median age of 3.