Presynaptic Ube3a E3 ligase promotes synapse elimination through down-regulation of BMP signaling.

Inactivation of the ubiquitin ligase Ube3a causes the developmental disorder Angelman syndrome, whereas increased Ube3a dosage is associated with autism spectrum disorders. Despite the enriched localization of Ube3a in the axon terminals including presynapses, little is known about the presynaptic function of Ube3a and mechanisms underlying its presynaptic localization. We show that developmental synapse elimination requires presynaptic Ube3a activity in neurons.

A case of carotid endarterectomy assisted with a three-way junction shunting tube for the internal carotid artery stenosis involving a persistent primitive hypoglossal artery.

Only several cases of internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis involving the persistent primitive hypoglossal artery (PPHA) have been treated with carotid endarterectomy (CEA) because of its extreme rarity. CEA was performed for an 87-year-old female with severe stenosis of the right ICA-PPHA bifurcation requiring shunting from CCA to both PPHA and ICA. We initially attempted to insert two intraluminal balloon shunts into the CCA, as previously reported.

Carotid artery stenting assisted with intravascular ultrasonography for isolated spontaneous common carotid artery dissection.

Isolated spontaneous common carotid artery (CCA) dissection is extremely rare. Moreover, only a few case reports for isolated spontaneous CCA dissection treated with carotid artery stenting (CAS) can be found so far. Here, the authors report a case where intravascular ultrasonography (IVUS) provided valuable information about lesion evaluation, stent selection and stent placement during CAS for isolated CCA dissection.

[Intrameatal Aneurysm of Distal Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery Manifesting a Subarachnoid Hemorrhage:A Report of 2 Cases].

Two female patients presented with a subarachnoid hemorrhage because of ruptured intrameatal aneurysms of the distal anterior inferior cerebellar artery, which is extremely rare. Each patient underwent microsurgical direct neck clipping or trapping, as needed, by a retrosigmoid craniectomy with an unroofing of the internal auditory meatus. After the surgery, both patients manifested low hearing ability.

Molybdophyllysin, a toxic metalloendopeptidase from the tropical toadstool, Chlorophyllum molybdites.

A toxic protein, dubbed molybdophyllysin, was isolated from the tropical toadstool Chlorophyllum molybdites by following its lethal effect in mice. Analysis of the protein using SDS-PAGE revealed a single 23-kDa band. Sequence analysis of molybdophyllysin tryptic fragments showed that this protein is highly homologous to metalloendopeptidases (MEPs) obtained from edible mushrooms, such as Grifola frondosa, Pleurotus ostreatus, and Armillaria mellea.

Ruptured aneurysm with delayed distal coil migration requiring surgical treatment. Case report.

A 64-year-old woman with subarachnoid hemorrhage manifesting as sudden onset of severe headache visited our hospital on post-onset day 8. Diagnostic cerebral digital subtraction angiography revealed an aneurysm located at the left internal carotid-anterior choroidal artery with diffuse cerebral arterial spasm. Coil embolization was selected because of diffuse spasm in spite of parent artery elongation at the extra-cranial portion.

Circadian rest-activity rhythm for maintenance of body shape.

A recently developed wearable device has gained attention in the area of self-discipline for the prevention of lifestyle-related diseases. The present study aimed to clarify the relationship between circadian rhythm and body shape change using actigraphy. Using a body shape vector, we classified 24 women in their 40s and 50s into 3 groups with different body shape changes.

Junctional adhesion molecule A [corrected] expression in human endometrial carcinoma.

Junctional adhesion molecule A (JAM-A) is involved in cell-cell contact and tight junction formation. Loss of cell adhesion molecules may be associated with high histologic grade and invasiveness of endometrial carcinoma. We attempted to determine JAM-A expression in human endometrial carcinoma and its correlations with pathologic features, stage, and survival.

Infra-optic course of the anterior cerebral artery.

This report describes the infra-optic course of an anterior cerebral artery in a 67-year-old man. An aneurysm was also incidentally detected at the anterior communicating artery. Thirty-three cases have been published previously and the literature concerning this anomaly is reviewed.

[Hemangiopericytoma at the transverse sinus presenting with intracerebral hemorrhage: case report].

The authors report on a patient with hemangiopericytoma(HPC). This 43-year-old female presented severe headache, vomiting and right homonymous hemianopsia. Magnetic resonance imaging and an angiogram showed a tumor above the left transverse sinus.

Severe stenosis of the internal carotid artery presenting as loss of consciousness due to the presence of a primitive hypoglossal artery: a case report.

Background: Symptoms of ischemic attacks in the internal carotid system usually involve focal cerebral dysfunction, i.e., hemiparesis or aphasia.

Glial cyst in the thalamus with intracystic hemorrhage--case report.

A 19-year-old female presented with an unusual glial cyst of the thalamus that caused development of acute hydrocephalus due to hemorrhage and manifested as headache and fainting attacks. Computed tomography showed a large cystic mass lesion in the left thalamus with intracystic hemorrhage. The cyst was subtotally removed.

[Aneurysm surgery using temporary occlusion under SEP monitoring].

Premature rupture of a cerebral aneurysm during operation is a serious hazard. Temporary occlusion of intracranial arteries has emerged as a valuable technical adjunct in the management of intracranial aneurysms. Twenty-five patients (from a group of 43 consecutive aneurysm patients treated during a 13-month period) underwent elective temporary arterial occlusion under somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) monitoring.

[Surgical removal of lateral pontine cavernous angioma: review of the surgically treated cases in the literature].

A case of cavernous angioma of the pons which was surgically and successfully excised was reported. A 36 year-old man complained of progressive headache, double vision and tinnitus. Neurologic examination revealed left fifth, sixth and seventh cranial nerve palsies.