Effective Hamiltonian approach to kinetic Ising models: Application to an infinitely long-range Husimi-Temperley model.

The probability distribution (PD) of spin configurations in kinetic Ising models has been cast in the form of the canonical Boltzmann PD with a time-dependent effective Hamiltonian (EH). It has been argued that in systems with extensive energy EH depends linearly on the number of spins N leading to the exponential dependence of PD on the system size. In macroscopic systems the argument of the exponential function may reach values of the order of the Avogadro number which is impossible to deal with computationally, thus making unusable the linear master equation (ME) governing the PD evolution.

Summer thermal comfort in Czech cities: measured effects of blue and green features in city centres.

This study consists of nine case studies addressing thermal comfort in the public areas of city centres, with particular emphasis on the measurable effects of blue and green infrastructure on thermal exposure. Daytime on-site measurements were taken in summer in the paved areas of squares, in the proximity of water fountains, and in the shade of trees in order to evaluate levels of heat stress based on the universal thermal climate index (UTCI). The differences in UTCI values between the research points confirm substantial cooling associated with high vegetation (trees induced differences up to 10.

Universality and scaling in two-step epitaxial growth in one dimension.

Irreversible one-dimensional (1D) epitaxial growth at small coverages via the recently suggested two-step growth protocol [Tokar and Dreyssé, Surf. Sci. 637-638, 116 (2015)] has been studied with the use of the kinetic Monte Carlo and the rate-equation techniques.

Coupled plasmons induce broadband circular dichroism in patternable films of silver nanoparticles with chiral ligands.

This contribution reports the chiro-optic response of as-cast and photopatterned films of silver nanoparticles capped with photothermally-cleavable chiral ligands. We demonstrate broadband circular dichroism in these nanoparticle films, which is not present in dispersions of the nanoparticles capped with the chiral ligands. Long wavelength circular dichroism is derived from coupling of the plasmonic bands of neighbouring silver nanoparticles.

Nucleation of size calibrated three-dimensional nanodots in atomistic model of strained epitaxy: a Monte Carlo study.

We introduce a simple model of strained epitaxy to study the growth of coherent several-monolayers-high nanoislands at low coverage. The size mismatch between the substrate (which is assumed to be rigid and passive) and the growing overlayer is modelled by the hard-sphere interaction between the adatoms. In the case of positive misfit the sphere diameter is larger than the substrate lattice parameter.

Styryl dyes as two-photon excited fluorescent probes for DNA detection and two-photon laser scanning fluorescence microscopy of living cells.

Spectral-fluorescent properties of benzothiazole styryl monomer (Bos-3) and homodimer (DBos-21) dyes in presence of DNA were studied. The dyes enhance their fluorescence intensity in 2-3 orders of magnitude upon interaction with DNA. Studied styrylcyanines in DNA presence demonstrate rather high values of two-photon absorption (TPA) cross-section, which are comparable with the values of TPA cross section of the rhodamine dyes.

Accelerated kinetic Monte Carlo algorithm for diffusion-limited kinetics.

If a stochastic system during some periods of its evolution can be divided into noninteracting parts, the kinetics of each part can be simulated independently. We show that this can be used in the development of efficient Monte Carlo algorithms. As an illustrative example, the simulation of irreversible growth of extended one-dimensional islands is considered.

Fluorescence of styryl dyes-DNA complexes induced by single- and two-photon excitation.

The series of novel monomer and homodimer styryl dyes based on (p-dimethylaminostyryl) benzothiazolium residues were synthesized and studied as possible fluorescent probes for nucleic acids detection. Spectral-luminescent and spectral-photometric properties of obtained dyes in the unbound state and in DNA presence were studied. Fluorescence emission induced by two-photon excitation of dye-DNA complexes in aqueous buffer solution was registered.

Studies of monomeric and homodimeric oxazolo[4,5-b]pyridinium cyanine dyes as fluorescent probes for nucleic acids visualization.

The series of recently synthesized monomeric and homodimeric cyanine dyes based on monomethine cyanine chromophore with oxazolo[4,5-b]pyridinium and quinoline end groups [Vassilev A, Deligeorgiev T, Gadjev N, Drexhage K-H. Synthesis of novel monomeric and homodimeric cyanine dyes based on oxazolo[4,5-b]pyridinium and quinolinium end groups for nucleic acid detection, Dyes Pigm 2005;66:135-142] were studied as possible fluorescent probes for nucleic acids detection. Significant fluorescence enhancement and intensity level (quantum yield up to 0.

Exact solution of a one-dimensional model of strained epitaxy on a periodically modulated substrate.

We consider a one-dimensional lattice gas model of strained epitaxy with the elastic strain accounted for through a finite number of cluster interactions comprising contiguous atomic chains. Interactions of this type arise in the models of strained epitaxy based on the Frenkel-Kontorova model. Furthermore, the deposited atoms interact with the substrate via an arbitrary periodic potential of period L.

Analytical solution of a one-dimensional lattice gas model with an infinite number of multiatom interactions.

We consider a one-dimensional lattice gas model in which the atoms interact via an infinite number of cluster interactions within contiguous atomic chains plus the next-nearest-neighbor pairwise interaction. All interactions are of arbitrary strength. An analytical expression for the size distribution of atomic chain lengths is obtained in the framework of the canonical ensemble formalism.

[Chronic effect of fluorides on the status of the pancreatic insular apparatus of workers].

Decreasing of the insulin concentration and increasing of the C-peptide level in blood serum of 72 workers of cryolytes industries detected by radioimmunological method. These changes were caused by the fluorine intoxication of workers.

[The function of the pancreatic islet cells during prolonged hypokinesia].

The content of insulin, C-peptide, glucagon, somatostatin, and glucose was studied in the blood of animals experiencing 3, 10, 30, 70, and 140-day hypokinesia (HK) and the cAMP content--in their liver and renal cortex. It was found that in 3-day HK insulin production and catabolism are sharply stimulated, the glucagon and glucose content is increased, the somatostatin level is reduced, and cAMP content in the liver and kidneys is reduced. Ten-day HK is characterized by hyperglycemia, an almost normal hormone content, and increased cAMP level in the renal cortex.

[Mathematical evaluation of methods of determining the fibrinolytic activity of whole blood].

Mathematical analysis of the adequacy of laboratory tests for estimation of blood fibrinolytic activity, routinely used in practical obstetrics, has shown that any of the known methods may be used in healthy nonpregnant and pregnant women for the diagnosis of fibrinolysis system abnormalities. To diagnose such conditions in women with pathologic pregnancy two laboratory tests should be employed with due consideration for their impact.

[Chronic effects of fluorides on the pituitary-thyroid system in industrial workers].

Radioimmunologic study of thyrotropin and thyroid hormones in the blood of those engaged in fluorine production showed moderate functional changes of the hypophysis-thyroid gland system, not accompanied by clinical manifestations of hypo- or hyperthyreosis and caused by disorders of the regulatory chain and fluorine impact on thyroid hormones' metabolism at the level of target cells. Elevation of calcitonin concentration in workers' blood indicated stimulation of thyroid gland parafollicular cells. Phase states in the hypophysis-thyroid gland system were detected along with the dependence of some hormones' concentration on the duration of workers' contact with fluorine compounds and the stage of fluorosis.

[Effect of chorionic gonadotropin on estrogen excretion in healthy men and in fluorosis patients].

Estrogen excretion was studied by fractions in the urine of 10 healthy men and in 11 men suffering from fluorosis before and after the chorionic gonadotropin (CG) load. The response to the CG administration was expressed in increased urinary estrogens excretion in the healthy men and in the patients with fluorosis; the hyperexcretion intensity depended on the dose of the hormone administered. In comparison with healthy men, patients with fluorosis displayed specific temporary shifts in the maximal estrogen excretion peaks, and also a significant increase in estriol concentration in the urine.

[Effect of inorganic fluorine compounds on the functional state of the pituitary-testis system].

The radioimmunological method was applied to the study of blood testosterone, LH, and FSH content in 41 men suffering from fluorosis, aged from 33 to 45 years. Nineteen men who had no contact with fluorine compounds served as control. In comparison with healthy individuals testosterone content proved to be decreased and FSH content elevated in patients with fluorosis.