Safety and Immunogenicity of the Live Attenuated Varicella Vaccine in Vietnamese Children Aged 12 Months to 12 Years: An Open-Label, Single-Arm Bridging Study.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the SKYVaricella vaccine in healthy Vietnamese children aged 12 months to 12 years.

Methods: This open-label, single-arm study involved 201 children divided into two groups: 60 children aged 12 months to 5 years and 141 children aged 6 to 12 years. Safety was assessed through immediate reactions, solicited adverse events within 7 days, and unsolicited events up to Day 42.

Determining the Best Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System: A Prospective Study Comparing the Diagnostic Performance of ACR, EU, and K TIRADS in the Evaluation of Thyroid Nodules.

 Many different risk stratification systems have been formulated for thyroid nodules, differing in their fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) indication, suggesting a lack of consensus around the world.  This prospective study was conducted to find the best guideline for risk stratification, for a better malignancy yield, and with reduced rates of negative FNACs among three Thyroid Imaging, Reporting, and Data System (TIRADS) guidelines.  A total of 625 thyroid nodules with conclusive FNAC or histopathological diagnosis were included in the study.

Common Adverse Events from Mixing COVID-19 Vaccine Booster in Hanoi, Vietnam.

Background: Mixing vaccines was proposed as a solution to tackle supply chain interruptions during the crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to investigate the safety of mixing COVID-19 vaccines for a booster dose in Hanoi, Vietnam.

Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted via a telephone-based interview to identify the adverse events following COVID-19 vaccination among 719 participants in Hanoi, Vietnam.

Primary Pediatric Yolk Sac Tumor of Liver With Lung Metastasis: An Unusual Presentation With Diagnosis Aided by LIN28 Immunohistochemistry.

Yolk sac tumor is a malignant germ cell tumor, which typically occurs in the gonads with elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). Among extragonadal sites, the liver is an uncommon location for primary pediatric yolk sac tumors. Other common hepatic tumors in this age group presenting with elevated serum AFP like hepatoblastoma and hepatocellular carcinoma must be differentiated from yolk sac tumors for initiating appropriate treatment and accurate prognostication.

Disseminated histoplasmosis as a presenting manifestation in an HIV patient - A case report from South India.

Histoplasmosis has heterogenous clinical presentation ranging from mild and self-limiting respiratory disease to disseminated forms with high mortality. In progressive disseminated histoplasmosis (PDH), patient presents with fever, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, adrenal enlargement, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and non-specific mucocutaneous lesions, usually in late stage of HIV. Cutaneous involvement is upto 25% in PDH which are papules, plaques, nodules and ulcers.

In vivo direct imaging of neuronal activity at high temporospatial resolution.

There has been a long-standing demand for noninvasive neuroimaging methods that can detect neuronal activity at both high temporal and high spatial resolution. We present a two-dimensional fast line-scan approach that enables direct imaging of neuronal activity with millisecond precision while retaining the high spatial resolution of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This approach was demonstrated through in vivo mouse brain imaging at 9.

Primary pulmonary T-cell lymphoma.

Primary pulmonary lymphoma (PPL) is a rare clonal proliferation of lymphoid tissue involving one or both lungs. It is of two types, B-cell and T-cell lymphomas among which T-cell lymphoma is a rare entity and it is sparsely considered as a differential diagnosis in neoplastic lesions of the lung. Here, we are reporting a case of primary pulmonary T-cell lymphoma.

A Giant Right Atrial Hemangioma- Case Report.

A primary cardiac tumor is sporadic. Most cardiac tumors are benign, with cardiac myxoma being the most common tumor. The incidence of cardiac hemangioma is extremely low.

Role of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Carcinoma Stomach: An Analysis of the Short-Term Outcomes.

Introduction: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in carcinoma stomach was introduced in an effort to eliminate micro-metastasis and to improve resectablity before surgery which improves R0 resection rates. We aimed to study the short term outcomes of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on the Tumor Node Metastasis (TNM) stage and the operative outcomes including R0 resection rate in locally advanced gastric cancer.

Methods: We prospectively included patients with locally advanced adenocarcinoma stomach staged by contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) in our study.

Evaluation of change in tumor stiffness measured by acoustic radiation force impulse imaging for early prediction of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer.

Objectives: In this study, the role of change in tumor stiffness between pre- and post-two cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) measured by Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) imaging for predicting the response to NACT in breast cancer was analyzed.

Methods: Fifty-two adult women with biopsy-proven locally advanced breast cancer and early-stage breast cancer who received NACT followed by either modified radical mastectomy or breast conservation surgery were included in the study. Tumor stiffness represented by shear wave velocity (SWV) in meter per second by ARFI imaging was measured before and after two cycles of NACT.

Economic evaluation of population-based type 2 diabetes mellitus screening at different healthcare settings in Vietnam.

Introduction: Few economic evaluations have assessed the cost-effectiveness of screening type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in different healthcare settings. This study aims to evaluate the value for money of various T2DM screening strategies in Vietnam.

Methods: A decision analytical model was constructed to compare costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) of T2DM screening in different health care settings, including (1) screening at commune health station (CHS) and (2) screening at district health center (DHC), with no screening as the current practice.

Challenges in the Management of Lung Cancer: Real-World Experience from a Tertiary Center in South India.

Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers and an important cause of cancer-related mortality. Recent advances in targeted therapy and immunotherapy have improved outcomes, but these have limited penetration in resource-constrained situations. We report the real-world experience in treating patients with lung cancer in India.

Quality of Life and Activities of Daily Living among Patients with Complete Cervical Spinal Cord Injury and Surgical Treatment in Vietnam.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is defined as temporary or permanent changes in spinal cord function and reflex activity. The objective of this study is to evaluate health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and activities of daily living (ADL) among postoperative surgery patients with complete cervical SCI in Vietnam and to explore the factors associated with these indices. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 88 adults in Vietnam from June 2018 to June 2019.

Clinical and Dermoscopic Features of a Case of Idiopathic T-Cell Pseudolymphoma.

Cutaneous pseudolymphomas are a group of benign lymphocyte-rich infiltrates that can mimic cutaneous lymphomas either clinically and/or histologically. Idiopathic T-cell pseudolymphoma (TCPL) usually presents as a solitary nodule or plaque on the trunk or head. A clinicopathologic correlation is mandatory to arrive at a final diagnosis and rule out true lymphomas.

Nutritional Intervention Improves Nutrition Outcomes in Stomach and Colon Cancer Patients Receiving Chemotherapy: Finding from a Quasi-Experiment in Vietnam.

Background: Evidence on the effects of nutritional interventions on gastrointestinal cancer patients receiving chemotherapy is not well documented. This study aims to assess the effects of nutritional intervention in patients diagnosed with stomach and colon cancer receiving chemotherapy in Vietnam.

Methods: A quasi-experiment with intervention and control groups for pre- and post-intervention was carried out in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy in a university hospital in Vietnam.

Dilemma in diagnosis and management of rare primary pleural Ewing's sarcoma with synchronous limited metastatic disease.

We present a case of a 34-year-old woman who presented with complaints of fever, cough and dyspnoea of 2 months' duration. On evaluation, she was diagnosed with a rare entity primary pleural Ewing's sarcoma with synchronous metastases to mediastinal, supraclavicular nodes and single vertebra. Due to the rarity of this entity and lack of treatment guidelines on extraosseous Ewing's sarcoma, the patient was managed with a combination of multiagent chemotherapy, surgery and radiotherapy as per standard guidelines for skeletal Ewing's sarcoma.

The strength of cytomorphology and efficacy of immuno-cytochemistry in distinguishing hepatocellular carcinoma from its mimics on fine-needle aspiration cytology.

Background: Cytomorphologic distinction of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from its mimics on fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is often problematic. The present study evaluates the strength of cytomorphology and the utility of an immuno-panel of arginase-1, glypican-3, HepPar-1, thyroid transcription factor (TTF-1) and CK-19 in resolving this diagnostic issue.

Methods: FNAC features of 71 nodular hepatic lesions were studied with an immunocyto/ histochemical (ICC/IHC) panel of arginase-1, glypican-3, HepPar-1, TTF-1 taking 10% positivity as "cut-off.

Evaluation of real time polymerase chain reaction targeting mpb64 gene for diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis.

Background: Paucibacillary nature of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) has paved way for molecular methods increasingly being used for diagnosis. We undertook a study for evaluation of sensitivity and specificity of real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) targeting mpb64 gene for diagnosis of EPTB.

Methods: A total of 152 clinical samples from suspected cases of EPTB were included in this study.

Gallic acid attenuates isoniazid and rifampicin-induced liver injury by improving hepatic redox homeostasis through influence on Nrf2 and NF-κB signalling cascades in Wistar Rats.

Objectives: Anti-TB drugs-isoniazid and rifampicin induced hepatotoxicity present a significant clinical problem. We aimed to evaluate the beneficial effect of gallic acid in anti-TB drug-induced liver injury in vivo and for the mechanism of action, we explored the influence of gallic acid on Nrf2 and NF-κB pathways.

Methods: We assessed serum liver function tests and histopathological analysis for the preventive effect of gallic acid on liver injury.