Effect of Diabetes on Outcomes in Patients With Incurable/Unresectable and Advanced/Recurrent Colorectal Cancer Receiving mFOLFOX6.

Background/aim: The high mortality rate associated with colon cancer in patients with diabetes is well-established; however, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Here, we investigated the efficacy of modified FOLFOX6 (mFOLFOX6) therapy, which is frequently used in colon cancer treatment, in patients with and without comorbid diabetes.

Patients And Methods: The participants in this retrospective cohort study received mFOLFOX6 therapy as a first-line treatment for incurable/ unresectable and advanced/recurrent colon cancer.

Safety and blood levels of daratumumab after switching from intravenous to subcutaneous administration in patients with multiple myeloma.

The intravenous administration (IV) of daratumumab sometimes causes an infusion reaction and needs a long infusion time. Recently, a subcutaneous formulation (SC) of daratumumab, which has fewer infusion reactions and shorter administration time, was approved. However, because SC has a fixed dose, overdosing is a concern for patients with low body weights.

Pharmacokinetics of Temozolomide in a Patient With Glioblastoma Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Short Communication.

Background: Temozolomide (TMZ) is an alkylating agent used to treat glioblastoma. However, the pharmacokinetics of TMZ to establish a treatment strategy for patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) remain unclear. In this case report, we evaluated the pharmacokinetics and HD removal rate of TMZ in a patient with glioblastoma undergoing HD to determine optimal dosing of TMZ.

Pharmacist-Urologist Collaborative Management for Patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma Receiving Pazopanib Monotherapy.

Pazopanib is one of recommended treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Despite its effectiveness, patients often difficult to continue pazopanib treatment due to adverse events (AEs). We established an ambulatory care pharmacy practice that enables pharmacist-urologist collaboration to manage patients with RCC.

Everolimus pharmacokinetics and exposure-response relationship in Japanese patients with advanced breast cancer.

Everolimus is one of the key drugs for the treatment of advanced breast cancer. The optimal target concentration range for everolimus therapy in patients with breast cancer has not yet been established. This study aimed to characterize everolimus pharmacokinetics (PK) and determine the relationship between blood concentration and efficacy as well as adverse events in patients with breast cancer.

Evaluating the safety and efficiency of robotic dispensing systems.

Background: Although automated dispensing robots have been implemented for medication dispensing in Japan, their effect is yet to be fully investigated. In this study, we evaluated the effect of automated dispensing robots and collaborative work with pharmacy support staff on medication dispensing.

Methods: A robotic dispensing system integrating the following three components was established: (1) automated dispensing robot (Drug Station®), which is operated by pharmacy support staff, (2) automated dispensing robot for powdered medicine (Mini DimeRo®), and (3) bar-coded medication dispensing support system with personal digital assistance (Hp-PORIMS®).

Osteonecrosis of the Jaw Caused by Denosumab in Treatment-Naïve and Pre-Treatment with Zoledronic Acid Groups: A Time-to-Onset Study Using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER) Database.

Background: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw is a serious adverse event associated with bone-modifying agents, such as injectable bisphosphonate (zoledronic acid) and the anti-receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand antibody (denosumab).

Objective: This study aims to evaluate and compare the time-to-onset profile for medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw associated with denosumab between treatment-naïve (naïve group) and pre-treatment with zoledronic acid (post-zoledronic acid group) patients using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database.

Methods: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw was defined according to the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities.

Population Pharmacokinetics of Nivolumab in Japanese Patients with Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer.

Background: Nivolumab is an antiprogrammed death-1 (PD-1) antibody used for immuno-oncological therapy of various cancers, including nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aimed to characterize the real-world population pharmacokinetics (PK) of nivolumab in patients with NSCLC.

Methods: PK samples were collected by opportunistic sampling of Japanese patients with NSCLC treated with nivolumab monotherapy.

Pharmacist-Urologist Collaborative Management Improves Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Receiving Enzalutamide.

Enzalutamide is useful for the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Despite its usefulness, adverse events (AEs) sometimes force patients to discontinue treatment. To maximize patient care, we developed an ambulatory care pharmacy practice that allows collaboration between a pharmacist and urologist to manage patients with CRPC receiving enzalutamide.

Association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and COVID-19 severity.

Background And Aims: Despite reports on the impact of vitamin D status on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity, the association between low vitamin D status and severe COVID-19 remains unclear. Moreover, researchers have not determined the aforementioned association in Japanese patients. This study aimed to investigate the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and COVID-19 severity in Japanese patients.

Risk factors of proteinuria and potentially protective effect of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors in patients with renal cell carcinoma receiving axitinib.

Purpose: Patients receiving vascular endothelial growth factor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors are at a risk of developing proteinuria. Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors exert renoprotective effects and might reduce proteinuria risk in these patients. We investigated the risk factors for and protective effect of RAS inhibitors against proteinuria in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) receiving axitinib.

Risk Factors of Proteinuria in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Receiving Lenvatinib.

Proteinuria is one of the most frequently reported adverse events leading to the discontinuation of lenvatinib treatment in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, there are no reports regarding the risk factors of proteinuria in patients with HCC or patients receiving lenvatinib. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with HCC receiving lenvatinib at the Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital between April 2018 and December 2020.

Risk evaluation of denosumab and zoledronic acid for medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw in patients with bone metastases: a propensity score-matched analysis.

Purpose: This study evaluated the risk of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) in patients with cancer who received denosumab or zoledronic acid (ZA) for treating bone metastasis.

Methods: The medical records of patients were retrospectively reviewed. Patients who did not undergo a dental examination at baseline were excluded.

[Consideration on Expiration Days Setting for the Introduction of Drug Vial Optimization].

When drug vial optimization(DVO)is implemented, the medical facilities will be forced to bear the cost of the divided- use drugs not used up within the expiration date. We determined the expiration days to use up the residual drugs in the vial within the expiration period. The cost of discarded drugs was calculated from the prescription data of anticancer drugs.

Analysis of Drug-Induced Gastrointestinal Obstruction and Perforation Using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report Database.

Drug-induced gastrointestinal obstruction (DIGO) and gastrointestinal perforation (DIGP) may be the result of gastrointestinal hypomotility and severe constipation, which may lead to potentially fatal complications of bowel ischemia, sepsis and perforation. We evaluated the onset profile of DIGs (DIGO and DIGP) associated with prescription drugs by analyzing data in the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER) database. We selected 161 DIG-related drugs and categorized them into 19 classes based on the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) Classification System.

Population pharmacokinetics of favipiravir in patients with COVID-19.

The antiretroviral drug favipiravir (FPV) inhibits RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. It has been developed for the treatment of the novel coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) infection disease, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, its pharmacokinetics in patients with COVID-19 is poorly understood.

Safety and efficacy evaluation of low-dose trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for prophylaxis of Pneumocystis pneumonia in HIV uninfected patients undergoing hemodialysis: a retrospective observational study.

Background: Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is a potentially life-threatening infection. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) is considered as the first regimen for PCP prophylaxis according to several guidelines. The recommended prophylactic dose of TMP-SMX has been determined based on patients with normal renal function, but the appropriate dosage for patients undergoing hemodialysis is unknown.

Analysis of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database.

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common adverse event associated with several antineoplastic drugs; however, the precise risks and time course of reactions of particular drugs are not clearly understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between anticancer agents and CIPN development using data from the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER) database and to characterize the time-to-onset and outcomes of CIPN. Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy was defined using the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities preferred terms.

Polypharmacy-associated potential contraindications of drug prescriptions in patients with primary angle closure disease in a real-world setting.

Background: Primary angle closure disease (PACD) is a type of glaucoma in which the intraocular pressure (IOP) is increased because of the blockage of the anterior chamber angle. Medications contraindicated for patients with PACD, such as anticholinergics, cause mydriasis, and can elevate IOP. However, anticholinergics are currently contraindicated only for primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) in Japanese package inserts.

Switching from zoledronic acid to denosumab increases the risk for developing medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw in patients with bone metastases.

Purpose: Switch from zoledronic acid (ZA) to denosumab may increase the risk of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) owing to the additive effect of denosumab on the jawbone and residual ZA activities. We evaluated the risk of developing MRONJ in patients who received ZA, denosumab, or ZA-to-denosumab for the treatment of bone metastases.

Methods: The medical charts of patients with cancer who received denosumab or ZA for bone metastases were retrospectively reviewed.

Plasma concentration of amitriptyline and metabolites after resuscitation from cardiopulmonary arrest following an overdose: A case report.

It may need to pay attention to the sustention of moderate cardiotoxicity and delayed elevation of plasma 10-hydroxynortriptyline level in severe amitriptyline overdose case.

Associated characteristics and treatment outcomes of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw in patients receiving denosumab or zoledronic acid for bone metastases.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the association between clinical characteristics and development of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) in patients who underwent dental examinations before the initiation of treatment with denosumab or zoledronic acid, which are bone-modifying agents (BMAs), for bone metastases. Additionally, the clinical outcomes of patients who developed MRONJ were evaluated along with the time to resolution of MRONJ.

Methods: The medical charts of patients with cancer who received denosumab or zoledronic acid for bone metastases between January 2012 and September 2016 were retrospectively reviewed.

Effectiveness of Pharmacist-Physician Collaborative Management for Patients With Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Receiving Pirfenidone.

Pirfenidone is an anti-fibrotic agent used to treat patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Managing adverse drug events and ensuring compliance with pirfenidone treatment for a prolonged period are important to reduce the rate of disease progression. To maximize the benefits of pirfenidone treatment, we established and evaluated an ambulatory care pharmacy practice, a model of pharmacist-physician collaborative management, for patients receiving pirfenidone.