Genomic and transcriptomic analyses reveal insights into cadmium resistance mechanisms of Cupriavidus nantongensis strain E324.

The cadmium-resistant Cupriavidus sp. strain E324 has been previously shown to have a high potential for use in cadmium (Cd) remediation, due to its high capacity for cadmium bioaccumulation. According to the comparative genomic analysis, the strain E324 was most closely related to C.

Machine learning applications for transcription level and phenotype predictions.

Predicting phenotypes and complex traits from genomic variations has always been a big challenge in molecular biology, at least in part because the task is often complicated by the influences of external stimuli and the environment on regulation of gene expression. With today's abundance of omic data and advances in high-throughput computing and machine learning (ML), we now have an unprecedented opportunity to uncover the missing links and molecular mechanisms that control gene expression and phenotypes. To empower molecular biologists and researchers in related fields to start using ML for in-depth analyses of their large-scale data, here we provide a summary of fundamental concepts of machine learning, and describe a wide range of research questions and scenarios in molecular biology where ML has been implemented.

Low phosphate mitigates cadmium-induced oxidative stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by enhancing endogenous antioxidant defence system.

Cadmium is a highly toxic heavy metal that causes many harmful effects on human health and ecosystems. Metal chelation-based techniques have become a common approach for the treatment of metal poisoning and also for the remediation of metal contamination. Phosphate, an essential nutrient required for key cellular functions, has been supposed to be effective in reducing cadmium bioavailability, possibly through its chelating potential.

Involvement of the Cell Wall Integrity Pathway of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in Protection against Cadmium and Arsenate Stresses.

Contamination of soil and water with heavy metals and metalloids is a serious environmental problem. Cadmium and arsenic are major environmental contaminants that pose a serious threat to human health. Although toxicities of cadmium and arsenic to living organisms have been extensively studied, the molecular mechanisms of cellular responses to cadmium and arsenic remain poorly understood.

Vacuolar H -ATPase is involved in preventing heavy metal-induced oxidative stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, vacuolar H -ATPase (V-ATPase) involved in the regulation of intracellular pH homeostasis has been shown to be important for tolerances to cadmium, cobalt and nickel. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the protective role of V-ATPase against these metals remains unclear. In this study, we show that cadmium, cobalt and nickel disturbed intracellular pH balance by triggering cytosolic acidification and vacuolar alkalinization, likely via their membrane permeabilizing effects.

Vacuolar H+-ATPase Protects Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cells against Ethanol-Induced Oxidative and Cell Wall Stresses.

Unlabelled: During fermentation, increased ethanol concentration is a major stress for yeast cells. Vacuolar H(+)-ATPase (V-ATPase), which plays an important role in the maintenance of intracellular pH homeostasis through vacuolar acidification, has been shown to be required for tolerance to straight-chain alcohols, including ethanol. Since ethanol is known to increase membrane permeability to protons, which then promotes intracellular acidification, it is possible that the V-ATPase is required for recovery from alcohol-induced intracellular acidification.