J Vasc Surg Cases Innov Tech
December 2023
Vascular graft infections are a well-described complication of loop arteriovenous grafts (AVGs) placed for hemodialysis access and are reported to occur in 0.5% to 6.0% of AVGs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMost non-Māori-speaking New Zealanders are regularly exposed to Māori throughout their lives without seeming to build any extensive Māori lexicon; at best, they know a small number of words which are frequently used and sometimes borrowed into English. Here, we ask how many Māori words non-Māori-speaking New Zealanders know, in two ways: how many can they identify as real Māori words, and how many can they actively define? We show that non-Māori-speaking New Zealanders can readily identify many more Māori words than they can define, and that the number of words they can reliably define is quite small. This result adds crucial support to the idea presented in earlier work that non-Māori-speaking New Zealanders have implicit form-based (proto-lexical) knowledge of many Māori words, but explicit semantic (lexical) knowledge of few.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecent work shows that ambient exposure in everyday situations can yield implicit knowledge of a language that an observer does not speak. We replicate and extend this work in the context of Spanish in California and Texas. In Word Identification and Wellformedness Rating experiments, non-Spanish-speaking Californians and Texans show implicit lexical and phonotactic knowledge of Spanish, which may be affected by both language structure and attitudes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGiven any feasible amount of time, a talker would never be able to produce the same word twice in an identical manner. Yet recognition memory experiments have consistently used identical tokens to demonstrate that listeners recognize a word more quickly and accurately when it is repeated by the same talker than by a different talker. These talker-specificity effects have served as the foundation of decades of research in speech perception, but the use of identical tokens introduces a confound: Is it the talker or the physical stimulus that drives these effects? And consequently, to what extent do listeners encode the high-level acoustic characteristics of a talker's voice? We investigate the roles of token and talker repetition in two continuous recognition memory experiments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEmpirically-observed word frequency effects in regular sound change present a puzzle: how can high-frequency words change faster than low-frequency words in some cases, slower in other cases, and at the same rate in yet other cases? We argue that this puzzle can be answered by giving substantial weight to the role of the listener. We present an exemplar-based computational model of regular sound change in which the listener plays a large role, and we demonstrate that it generates sound changes with properties and word frequency effects seen in corpora. In particular, we consider the experimentally-supported assumption that high-frequency words may be more robustly recognized than low-frequency words in the face of acoustic ambiguity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Understanding the relationship between patient risk factors, postoperative complications, and morbidity and mortality is important when considering elective endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (E-EVAR) performed to prevent aneurysm rupture mortality. We aimed to stratify complications in E-EVAR and explore their relationship with postoperative death.
Methods: E-EVAR cases from 2012 NSQIP were identified.
J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord
January 2017
Objective: Poor retrieval rates for retrievable inferior vena cava filters (R-IVCFs) have been reported throughout the literature, with poor follow-up a common cause. In 2009, we reported a retrieval rate of 18% despite an initial follow-up rate of 85%. Use of a registry has been shown to improve retrieval rates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Vascular injuries are common in trauma and often involve massive soft tissue injury and segmental arterial loss. Current practice uses either autogenous vein or polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE) for interposition grafting in arterial injuries. Decision making between autogenous or synthetic conduit pivots around the physiological state of the trauma patient.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnzyme responsive materials (ERMs) are a class of stimuli responsive materials with broad application potential in biological settings. This review highlights current and potential future design strategies for ERMs and provides an overview of the present state of the art in the area.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ R Soc Interface
February 2013
Previous studies of bombardier beetles have shown that some species have a continuous discharge while others exhibit a pulsed discharge. Here, a mathematical model of the defence mechanism of the bombardier beetle is developed and the hypothesis that almost all bombardiers' defences have some sort of cyclic behaviour at frequencies much higher than previously thought is put forward. The observation of pulses arises from secondary lower frequency cycles that appear for some parameter values.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of routine upper gastrointestinal imaging following the three forms of laparoscopic bariatric surgery completed at our institution (laparoscopic Roux en Y gastric bypass (LRYGB), laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LS), and laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB)).
Methods: Radiograph reports were reviewed from the period of January 2005 to July 2010. During that time, 129 patients underwent LRYGB, 209 underwent LS, and 12 patients underwent LAGB.
Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) has been recognized as a primary procedure for the surgical management of morbid obesity. Staple-line leaks and hemorrhage are two associated complications. Staple-line buttressing materials have been suggested to decrease these complications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLaparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) has gained support as a single-staged and stand-alone bariatric procedure. Reports of excess weight loss of 35 to 83 per cent, reduction in comorbidities, and decreased operative morbidity have garnered support for LSG. This study represents an initial outcome analysis of LSG performed solely at a military treatment center.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe mediterranean ecosystems of the world harbor exceptional biodiversity, and factors such as livestock grazing which may negatively affect biodiversity are of global concern. The mediterranean ecosystems of southern Africa have only sporadically been exposed to high densities of indigenous herbivores and may not be as typically resilient to livestock grazing pressure as the savannah and grassland ecosystems of semiarid Africa. We investigate this issue by assessing the impacts of two contrasting livestock grazing intensities associated with communal and commercial ranching systems on the dwarf succulent shrublands of the Succulent Karoo in Namaqualand, South Africa.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCerebral air embolism occurs very seldom as a complication of central venous catheterization. We report a 57-year-old female with cerebral air embolism secondary to removal of a central venous catheter (CVC). The patient was treated with supportive measures and recovered well with minimal long-term injury.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe report on the design, stepwise synthesis, and surface analysis of enzyme-responsive surfaces that present cell adhesive RGD sequences on-demand, that is, by enzymatic hydrolysis of inactive RGD containing precursors that carry cleavable steric blocking groups. These surfaces, incorporating poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) monolayers coupled via epoxy silanes to glass, are functionalized via stepwise solid phase synthesis, presenting a versatile and straightforward approach to preparation of peptide surfaces. Successive amino acid coupling and deprotection steps using fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc) chemistry are verified using surface analysis with time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe describe enzyme-triggered activation of cell adhesion ligands tethered to a hydrogel surface to direct the attachment of osteoblast cells on demand.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe interactions of cells with synthetic surfaces are a critical factor in biomaterials design and it would be invaluable if these interactions could be precisely controlled and predicted. Hydrophobicity or lipophilicity of the surface is commonly used to rationalize cell attachment to materials. In the pharmaceutical sciences it is common practice to use logP, the partitioning coefficient between water and octanol, as a reliable indicator of the hydrophobicity or lipophilicity of (drug) molecules.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To determine the effectiveness of an educational intervention designed to improve physicians' knowledge of drug costs and foster willingness to consider costs when prescribing.
Design: Pre- and post-intervention evaluation, using physicians as their own controls.
Setting: Four teaching hospitals, affiliated with 2 residency programs, in New York City and northern New Jersey.