Development and evaluation of a wearable peripheral vascular compensation sensor in a swine model of hemorrhage.

Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is the leading and most preventable cause of maternal mortality, particularly in low-resource settings. PPH is currently diagnosed through visual estimation of blood loss or monitoring of vital signs. Visual assessment routinely underestimates blood loss beyond the point of pharmaceutical intervention.

Development and evaluation of a wearable peripheral vascular compensation sensor in a swine model of hemorrhage.

Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is both the leading and most preventable cause of maternal mortality. PPH is currently diagnosed through visual estimation of blood loss or vital sign analysis of shock index (ratio of heart rate to systolic blood pressure). Visual assessment underestimates blood loss, particularly in the setting of internal bleeding, and compensatory mechanisms stabilize hemodynamics until hemorrhage is massive, beyond the point of pharmaceutical intervention.

Comparison of Nociceptive Effects of Buprenorphine, Firocoxib, and Meloxicam in a Plantar Incision Model in Sprague-Dawley Rats.

Due to their reduced frequency of dosing and ease of availability, NSAIDs are generally preferred over opioids for rodent analgesia. We evaluated the efficacy of the highly COX2-selective NSAID firocoxib as compared with meloxicam and buprenorphine for reducing allodynia and hyperalgesia in rats in a plantar incision model of surgical pain. After a preliminary pharmacokinetic study using firocoxib, Sprague-Dawley rats ( = 12 per group, 6 of each sex) were divided into 6 groups: no surgery (anesthesia only), saline (surgery but no analgesia), buprenorphine (0.

Safety of Strontium Chloride as a Skeletal Marking Agent for Pacific Salmon.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biological effects associated with administering strontium chloride as a marking agent to age-0 Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha fry. Fish were held in a 0× (0 mg/L), 1× (3,000 mg/L; current standard dosage), 3× (9,000 mg/L), or 5× (15,000 mg/L) solution of strontium chloride for 72 h (three times the standard duration of 24 h). The mortality among fish in the 5× strontium chloride exposure group was significantly higher than that observed in the other groups.

Analgesic Efficacy of Firocoxib, a Selective Inhibitor of Cyclooxygenase 2, in a Mouse Model of Incisional Pain.

Pain management in laboratory animals is generally accomplished by using opioids and NSAIDs. However, opioid use is hindered by controlled substance requirements and a relatively short duration of action. In this study, we compared the analgesic efficacy of firocoxib (a cyclooxygenase-2-selective NSAID) with that of buprenorphine in the mouse model of plantar incisional pain by objective measurement of mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia using von Frey and Hargreaves equipment, respectively.

Chronic performance of a subcutaneous hemodynamic sensor.

Background: A subcutaneous photoplethysmography (PPG) sensor uses light to detect changes in vascular volume from a location outside the bloodstream. Incorporation into a chronically implanted device, such as a pacemaker or an implantable cardioverter defibrillator, may facilitate therapy optimization and disease monitoring by providing continuous assessment of hemodynamic function and arterial oxygen saturation. However, performance of a chronically placed subcutaneous sensor has not been established.

Operation of an air filtration device results in morbidity and mortality in growing chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus).

Environmental conditions may influence experimental outcomes in laboratory animals. In this study, we measured the effects of a vortex air-filtration device (AFD) on growth rate, morbidity, mortality, behavior, and gross pathology in P2a Leghorn chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) raised from hatchlings to 6 wk of age. Growth rate was reduced in the group exposed to the operating AFD ('AFD on' group) compared with the 2 control groups ('AFD off' and 'Historical' groups).

Identification of hemodynamically unstable arrhythmias using subcutaneous photoplethysmography.

Introduction: Determination of hemodynamic status is central to arrhythmia management in the inpatient setting. In contrast, therapy decisions in implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) are based exclusively on the arrhythmia's electrical signature. Hemodynamic sensing in ICDs would allow tailoring of therapy according to perfusion status.

Hemodynamic sensing using subcutaneous photoplethysmography.

Pacemakers and implantable defibrillators presently operate without access to hemodynamic information. If available, such data would allow tailoring of delivered therapy according to perfusion status, optimization of device function, and enhancement of disease monitoring and management. A candidate method for hemodynamic sensing in these devices is photoplethysmography (PPG), which uses light to noninvasively detect changes in blood volume.