Researchers conducted a genome-wide association study focusing on HIV-1 controllers and progressors to understand genetic factors influencing chronic viral infections.
They discovered over 300 significant single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) specifically within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), emphasizing its importance for infectious diseases.
Key findings indicate that specific amino acids in HLA proteins, especially HLA-B and HLA-C, significantly influence the interaction between HLA and viral peptides, affecting the control of HIV infection.