Social media-based Health Education plus Exercise Program (SHEEP) to improve muscle function among young-old adults with possible sarcopenia in the community: A feasibility study protocol.

Background: Despite the comparatively high prevalence of possible sarcopenia among young-old adults in the community, there is currently no available and effective social media-based intervention to increase the awareness and change the behavior of the target population to prevent sarcopenia. Using co-design methodology, we developed a multicomponent intervention strategy of health education and exercise for sarcopenia prevention utilizing the TikTok platform.

Objectives: The primary purpose of this study is to examine the feasibility and acceptability of the social media-based intervention to enhance muscle function in community-dwelling young-old adults with possible sarcopenia.

Experiences and Views of Older Adults of South Asian, Black African, and Caribbean Backgrounds About the Digitalization of Primary Care Services Since the COVID-19 Pandemic: Qualitative Focus Group Study.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic from 2020 to 2022 prompted governments worldwide to enforce lockdowns and social restrictions, alongside the rapid adoption of digital health and care services. However, there are concerns about the potential exclusion of older adults, who face barriers to digital inclusion, such as age, socioeconomic status, literacy level, and ethnicity.

Objective: This study aims to explore the experiences of older adults from the 3 largest minoritized ethnic groups in England and Wales-people of South Asian, Black African, and Caribbean backgrounds-in the use of digitalized primary care services since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic.

The association between delirium and falls in older adults in the community: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Systematically review and critically appraise the evidence for the association between delirium and falls in community-dwelling adults aged ≥60 years.

Methods: We searched EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, CINAHL and Evidence-Based Medicine Reviews databases in April 2023. Standard methods were used to screen, extract data, assess risk of bias (using Newcastle-Ottawa scale), provide a narrative synthesis and, where appropriate, conduct meta-analysis.

Updated Canadian Headache Society Migraine Prevention Guideline with Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: We have updated the migraine prevention guideline of the Canadian Headache Society from 2012, as there are new therapies available, and additionally, we have provided guidelines for the prevention of chronic migraine, which was not addressed in the previous iteration.

Methods: We undertook a systematic review to identify new studies since the last guideline. For studies identified, we performed data extraction and subsequent meta-analyses where possible.

Conservative, physical and surgical interventions for managing faecal incontinence and constipation in adults with central neurological diseases.

Background: People with central neurological disease or injury have a much higher risk of both faecal incontinence (FI) and constipation than the general population. There is often a fine line between the two symptoms, with management intended to ameliorate one risking precipitating the other. Bowel problems are observed to be the cause of much anxiety and may reduce quality of life in these people.

The association between frailty, care receipt and unmet need for care with the risk of hospital admissions.

Background: Frailty is characterised by a decline in physical, cognitive, energy, and health reserves and is linked to greater functional dependency and higher social care utilisation. However, the relationship between receiving care, or receiving insufficient care among older people with different frailty status and the risk of unplanned admission to hospital for any cause, or the risk of falls and fractures remains unclear.

Methods And Findings: This study used information from 7,656 adults aged 60 and older participating in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) waves 6-8.

Effector PbPE23 Induces Necrotic Responses in Both Host and Nonhost Plants.

is an obligate biotroph that causes clubroot disease in cruciferous plants, including canola and Arabidopsis. In contrast to most known bacterial, oomycete, and fungal pathogens that colonize at the host apoplastic space, the protist . establishes an intracellular colonization within various types of root cells and secretes a plethora of effector proteins to distinct cellular compartments favorable for the survival and growth of the pathogen during pathogenesis.

Overall mortality for community-dwelling adults over 50 years at risk of malnutrition.

Background: It is well reported that malnutrition in acute care is associated with poorer health outcomes including increased mortality. However, the consequences of malnutrition on survival in community settings is uncertain. Malnutrition in people 65 years or over is often cited.

Healthy Eating and Active Lifestyle after Bowel Cancer (HEAL ABC)-feasibility randomised controlled trial.

Background: Evidence from cohort studies indicates that a healthy lifestyle can improve cancer survival but evidence from randomised controlled trials (RCT) is lacking. Thus, this study tested the feasibility of conducting a lifestyle intervention in patients after colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment.

Methods: An intervention was developed based on World Cancer Research Fund and American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) recommendations, the Health Action Process Approach, Motivational Interviewing and tested a feasibility, mixed-methods RCT.

Frailty: a global health challenge in need of local action.

Frailty is a complex, age-related clinical condition that involves multiple contributing factors and raises the risk of adverse outcomes in older people. Given global population ageing trends, the growing prevalence and incidence of frailty pose significant challenges to health and social care systems in both high-income and lower-income countries. In this review, we highlight the disproportionate representation of research on frailty screening and management from high-income countries, despite how lower-income countries are projected to have a larger share of older people aged ≥60.

The impact of physical activity and exercise interventions on symptoms for women experiencing menopause: overview of reviews.

Background: Women experiencing problematic menopausal symptoms report lower health-related quality of life and greater healthcare use than women without symptoms. Not all women want to or are able to take hormone replacement therapy. Strengthening the evidence for menopause symptom-management options, including physical activity, improves agency for women.

Understanding the delivery of the Falls Management Exercise Programme (FaME) across the U.K.

Objectives: 1) Map FaME delivery across the UK, 2) explore and understand delivery of the FaME programme in practice.

Methods: Sequential exploratory mixed methods. 1) survey of n=247 Postural Stability Instructor (PSIs) across the UK, 2) purposively sampled n=23 PSIs to take part in interviews.

Development of a community intervention combining social media-based health education plus exercise programme (SHEEP) to improve muscle function among young-old adults with possible sarcopenia: Co-design approach.

Objectives: There is no precedent for the use of social media in preventing sarcopenia. The aim of this study is to develop a social media-based intervention programme for the young-old population in the community in China to improve their awareness and behaviours regarding sarcopenia prevention.

Study Design: Using guidelines for developing complex interventions, this study was divided into two main phases: a co-development phase and a preliminary test phase.

Effectiveness of dance interventions for falls prevention in older adults: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Fall prevention is a global health priority. Strength and balance exercise programmes are effective at reducing falls. Emerging literature suggests dance is an enjoyable and sociable form of exercise.

Anterior-Posterior Wnt Signaling Network Conservation between Indirect Developing Sea Urchin and Hemichordate Embryos.

How animal body plans evolved and diversified is a major question in evolutionary developmental biology. To address this question, it is important to characterize the exact molecular mechanisms that establish the major embryonic axes that give rise to the adult animal body plan. The anterior-posterior (AP) axis is the first axis to be established in most animal embryos, and in echinoderm sea urchin embryos its formation is governed by an integrated network of three different Wnt signaling pathways: Wnt/β-catenin, Wnt/JNK, and Wnt/PKC pathways.

Interventions Based on Behavior Change Techniques to Encourage Physical Activity or Decrease Sedentary Behavior in Community-Dwelling Adults Aged 50-70: Systematic Review With Intervention Component Analysis.

Increasing physical activity (PA) and/or decreasing sedentary behaviors is important in the delay and prevention of long-term conditions. PA can help maintain function and independence and decrease the need for hospitalization/institutionalization. Activity rates often decline in later life resulting in a need for interventions that encourage uptake and adherence through the use of Behavior Change Techniques (BCTs).

The Plasmodiophora brassicae Golgi-localized UPF0016 protein PbGDT1 mediates calcium but not manganese transport in yeast and Nicotiana benthamiana.

Manganese and calcium homeostasis and signalling, in eukaryotic organisms, are regulated through membrane located pumps, channels and exchangers, including the Mn/Ca uncharacterized protein family 0016 (UPF0016). Here we show that Plasmodiophora brassicae PbGDT1 is a member of the UPF0016 and an ortholog of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Gdt1p (GCR Dependent Translation Factor 1) protein involved in manganese homeostasis as well as the calcium mediated stress response in yeast. PbGDT1 complemented the ScGdt1p and ScPMR1 (Ca ATPase) double null mutant under elevated calcium stress but not under elevated manganese conditions.

Rehabilitation interventions to modify physical frailty in adults before lung transplantation: a systematic review protocol.

Introduction: Lung transplantation is the gold-standard treatment for end-stage lung disease for a small group of patients meeting strict acceptance criteria after optimal medical management has failed. Physical frailty is prevalent in lung transplant candidates and has been linked to worse outcomes both on the waiting list and postoperatively. Exercise has been proven to be beneficial in optimising exercise capacity and quality of life in lung transplant candidates, but its impact on physical frailty is unknown.

Practices of falls risk assessment and prevention in acute hospital settings: a realist investigation.

Background: Falls are the most common safety incident reported by acute hospitals. The National Institute of Health and Care Excellence recommends multifactorial falls risk assessment and tailored interventions, but implementation is variable.

Aim: To determine how and in what contexts multifactorial falls risk assessment and tailored interventions are used in acute National Health Service hospitals in England.