Geography and developmental plasticity shape post-larval thermal tolerance in the golden star tunicate, Botryllus schlosseri.

Local adaptation and phenotypic plasticity play key roles in mediating organisms' ability to respond to spatiotemporal variation in temperature. These two processes often act together to generate latitudinal or elevational clines in acute temperature tolerance. Phenotypic plasticity is also subject to local adaptation, with the expectation that populations inhabiting more variable environments should exhibit greater phenotypic plasticity of thermal tolerance.

Extended partial laryngectomy with functional preservation using the rotational crico-thyrotracheopexy.

Objectives: Glottic tumors with infiltration of the anterior/posterior commissure, and lesions with subglottic, cricoid, or cricoarytenoid joint infiltration have been highly controversial in the past, from the perspective of oncological safety. Although conservation laryngeal resection options exist, most are limited by the extent of resection proscribed by the technique and the postoperative functional results. Oncologically speaking, extended vertical hemilaryngectomy is often the optimal solution.

[Innovative surgical solutions for laryngeal stenoses in newborns and infants].

Összefoglaló. A veleszületett légúti szűkületek gyakran kombináltan jelentkeznek, és más szervrendszert is érintő kísérőbetegségekkel, illetve malformációkkal is társulhatnak. Figyelembe véve ezeket a tényezőket, illetve a csecsemőkori légút speciális anatómiáját és sérülékeny szöveteit, a felső légúti szűkületek sebészi kezelése újszülött- és csecsemőkorban igen nagy kihívást jelentő feladat, melynek célja a mihamarabbi definitív, stabil légút biztosítása a hangképzés és a nyelési funkció megőrzésével.

Functional results of endoscopic arytenoid abduction lateropexy for bilateral vocal fold palsy.

Purpose: Endoscopic arytenoid abduction lateropexy (EAAL) is a reliable surgical solution for the minimally invasive treatment of bilateral vocal fold palsy (BVFP), providing a stable airway by the lateralization of the arytenoid cartilages with a simple suture. The nondestructive manner of the intervention theoretically leads to higher regeneration potential, thus better voice quality. The study aimed to investigate the respiratory and phonatory outcomes of this treatment concept.

Invasion history shapes host transcriptomic response to a body-snatching parasite.

By shuffling biogeographical distributions, biological invasions can both disrupt long-standing associations between hosts and parasites and establish new ones. This creates natural experiments with which to study the ecology and evolution of host-parasite interactions. In estuaries of the Gulf of Mexico, the white-fingered mud crab (Rhithropanopeus harrisii) is infected by a native parasitic barnacle, Loxothylacus panopaei (Rhizocephala), which manipulates host physiology and behaviour.

IgG4-Related Laryngeal Disease as a Possible Cause of Idiopathic Subglottic Stenosis: A Case Report.

Introduction: Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a systemic fibro-inflammatory disorder. Laryngotracheal manifestation is very rare; therefore, it is usually associated with complex diagnostic and therapeutic problems.

Case Report: Herein, we report the case of a 35-year-old woman with idiopathic subglottic stenosis (ISGS) treated with one-step laryngotracheal reconstruction surgery.

[Application field of VOXEL-MAN Tempo 3D virtual reality simulator in surgery of pars petrosa of temporal bone].

Unlabelled: Összefoglaló. Bevezetés: Az emberi sziklacsont a halántékcsont része, egy bonyolult és változatos anatómiai felépítésű struktúra. A sziklacsonton végzett beavatkozások előtt, a műtéti szövődmények megelőzése érdekében, nélkülözhetetlen a biztos anatómiai tudás és kézügyesség megszerzése, valamint az egyes műtéti lépések és mozdulatok begyakorlása.

[Long-term experiences by using modified facial degloving technique].

Unlabelled: Összefoglaló. Bevezetés: Az orrmelléküreg-daganatok kezelésében a legfrissebb nemzetközi ajánlások alapján továbbra is a sebészi reszekció az elsődlegesen választandó módszer. Bár az endoszkópos technikák fejlődésével a külső feltárással járó műtétek bizonyos esetekben háttérbe szorultak, napjainkban még mindig a Weber-Fergusson-féle metszést tartják a legszélesebb feltárást biztosító technikának, annak ellenére is, hogy a módszer stigmatizáló hegeket és deformitásokat hagy a páciensek arcán.

In vivo aggregation of presynaptic alpha-synuclein is not influenced by its phosphorylation at serine-129.

Abnormal aggregation of the α-synuclein protein is a key molecular feature of Parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases. The precise mechanisms that trigger α-synuclein aggregation are unclear, and it is not known what role aggregation plays in disease pathogenesis. Here we use an in vivo zebrafish model to express several different forms of human α-synuclein and measure its aggregation in presynaptic terminals.

Surgical Solution for the Transformation of the Percutaneous Bone Anchored Hearing Aid to a Transcutaneous System in Complicated Cases.

Bone-anchored hearing aids (BAHAs) have been used for multiple types of hearing loss both in pediatric and adult cases. In the last decades, the percutaneous BAHA® Connect System (Cochlear Ltd., Sydney, Australia) was replaced by the fully implanted transcutaneous, magnet-based BAHA® Attract System (Cochlear Ltd.

A Novel Endoscopic Arytenoid Medialization for Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis.

Objectives/hypothesis: Arytenoid adduction (AA) has been indicated for unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP) patients with vertical vocal fold height mismatch and/or large posterior glottic gaps that are unable to be adequately addressed by anterior medialization techniques. Although AA offers several advantages over other methods, it is technically challenging and involves significant laryngeal manipulation of the cricoarytenoid joint. A novel, minimally invasive endoscopic arytenoid medialization technique is presented for the closure of the posterior commissure.

A Randomized Controlled Trial with a Medical Device Containing Sodium Hyaluronate and Nicotinic Acid to Increase the Efficacy of Ultraviolet Phototherapy in Psoriasis.

Introduction: The dry and scaly skin of psoriatic patients decreases the efficacy of ultraviolet B (UVB) phototherapy. Different agents are used to facilitate the transmission of light, but most of these preparations are cosmetically unfavorable. We have tested a novel preparation containing sodium hyaluronate and nicotinic acid (UV Fotogel®; Pernix Ltd.

[Surgical treatment of laryngocele].

Laryngocele is a unilateral or bilateral dilation of the saccule or appendix of the laryngeal ventricle. It is a benign lesion, often without any specific symptom, diagnosed unintentionally, but it can cause life-threatening airway obstruction, needing emergency tracheotomy. The authors present three cases of laryngocele and the related surgical methods.

Slide laryngotracheoplasty for congenital subglottic stenosis in newborns and infants.

Objectives: Subglottic stenosis is the most common laryngeal anomaly necessitating tracheostomy in early childhood. Crico- and laryngotracheal resection and laryngotracheal reconstruction-usually with autologous cartilage graft implantation-are the most effective treatments. These surgical techniques are obviously challenging in neonatal age and infancy.

Multicolor lineage tracing using in vivo time-lapse imaging reveals coordinated death of clonally related cells in the developing vertebrate brain.

The global mechanisms that regulate and potentially coordinate cell proliferation & death in developing neural regions are not well understood. In particular, it is not clear how or whether clonal relationships between neural progenitor cells and their progeny influence the growing brain. We have developed an approach using Brainbow in the developing zebrafish to visualize and follow multiple clones of related cells in vivo over time.

Combining near-infrared fluorescence with Brainbow to visualize expression of specific genes within a multicolor context.

Fluorescent proteins are a powerful experimental tool, allowing the visualization of gene expression and cellular behaviors in a variety of systems. Multicolor combinations of fluorescent proteins, such as Brainbow, have expanded the range of possible research questions and are useful for distinguishing and tracking cells. The addition of a separately driven color, however, would allow researchers to report expression of a manipulated gene within the multicolor context to investigate mechanistic effects.

[Endoscopic ultra dream pulse laser surgery of laryngomalacia. Our experiences gained during the introduction of the method in Hungary].

Introduction: Congenital stridor and dyspnoe are caused by laryngomalacia in most cases.

Aim: In this article we present a new, surgical method for treating severe laryngomalacia in patients under the age of 1, where ultrapulsated (UDP) laser beam is used for supraglottoplasty. Ultra dream pulse laser creates lesser thermical side damage in the tissue, therefore the risk of postoperative laryngeal oedema and scarring is lower.

Functional outcomes of endoscopic arytenoid abduction lateropexy for unilateral vocal cord paralysis with dyspnea.

In unilateral vocal cord paralysis (UVCP), hoarseness is usually the leading symptom; however, the diminished airway might lead to breathing problems as well, especially with exertion. The application of the classic resection glottis enlarging or medialization procedures might shift the breathing and/or the voice to a worse condition. The non-destructive endoscopic arytenoid abduction lateropexy (EAAL) might be a solution for this problem.

Esthetically Favorable Surgical Alternative for the Removal of Sinonasal Malignant Tumors-The Modified Facial Degloving Technique.

Purpose: The widely used external approach (Weber-Fergusson incision) for the removal of maxillary ethmoid tumors leaves stigmatizing scars and deformities on the patient's face. As an alternative technique, the scarless facial degloving approach was first described in the 1970s; since then, several modifications have been developed.

Patients And Methods: The authors have been using a modified facial degloving technique for 7 years to remove maxillary ethmoid tumors.

Intra- and interspecific genetic diversity of New Zealand hairworms (Nematomorpha).

Hairworms (Nematomorpha) are a little-known group of parasites, and despite having been represented in the taxonomic literature for over a century, the implementation of molecular genetics in studies of hairworm ecology and evolution lags behind that of other parasitic taxa. In this study, we characterize the genetic diversity of the New Zealand nematomorph fauna and test for genetic structure within the most widespread species found. We provide new mitochondrial and nuclear ribosomal sequence data for three previously described species from New Zealand: Gordius paranensis, Parachordodes diblastus and Euchordodes nigromaculatus.

In Vivo Time-Lapse Imaging in the Zebrafish Lateral Line: A Flexible, Open-Ended Research Project for an Undergraduate Neurobiology Laboratory Course.

The lateral line sensory system in fish detects movements in the water and allows fish to respond to predators, prey, and other stimuli. As the lateral line forms in the first two days of zebrafish development, axons extend caudally along the lateral surface of the fish, eventually forming synapses with hair cells of neuromasts. Growing lateral line axons are located superficially under the skin and can be labeled in living zebrafish using fluorescent protein expression.

Mapping the development of cerebellar Purkinje cells in zebrafish.

The cells that comprise the cerebellum perform a complex integration of neural inputs to influence motor control and coordination. The functioning of this circuit depends upon Purkinje cells and other cerebellar neurons forming in the precise place and time during development. Zebrafish provide a useful platform for modeling disease and studying gene function, thus a quantitative metric of normal zebrafish cerebellar development is key for understanding how gene mutations affect the cerebellum.

Factors influencing spontaneous mobilization of CD34+ and CD133+ progenitor cells after myocardial infarction.

Background: Bone marrow-derived circulating progenitor cells (BM-CPCs) are mobilized into adult peripheral blood (PB) during acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and may contribute to the regeneration of infarcted myocardium. The purpose of the present study is to determine whether mobilization of BM-CPCs into PB depends on cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs), age of patients, infarct associated inflammatory markers, and left ventricular function after AMI.

Materials And Methods: Peripheral blood concentrations of CD34/45(+) and CD133/45(+) BM-CPCs were measured by flow cytometry in 44 patients after AMI and in 16 subjects with atypical chest pain acting as controls.