Targeting Ferroptosis as an Advance Strategy in Cancer Therapy.

This study innovates by systematically integrating the molecular mechanisms of iron death and its application in cancer therapy. By deeply analyzing the interaction between iron death and the tumor microenvironment, the study provides a new theoretical basis for cancer treatment and directions for developing more effective treatment strategies. In addition, the study points to critical issues and barriers that need to be addressed in future research, providing valuable insights into the use of iron death in clinical translation.

An Epic Advancement in Targeting Macrophages for Cancer Therapy Approach.

Macrophages are immune cells with high heterogeneity and plasticity, crucial for recognizing and eliminating foreign substances, including cancer cells. However, cancer cells can evade the immune system by producing signals that cause macrophages to switch to a pro-tumor phenotype, promoting tumor growth and progression. Tumor-associated macrophages, which infiltrate into tumor tissue, are important immune cells in the tumor microenvironment and can regulate cancer's growth, invasion, and metastasis by inhibiting tumor immunity.

Recent Advancement in Inhaled Nano-drug Delivery for Pulmonary, Nasal, and Nose-to-brain Diseases.

Pulmonary, nasal, and nose-to-brain diseases involve clinical approaches, such as bronchodilators, inhaled steroids, oxygen therapy, antibiotics, antihistamines, nasal steroids, decongestants, intranasal drug delivery, neurostimulation, and surgery to treat patients. However, systemic medicines have serious adverse effects, necessitating the development of inhaled formulations that allow precise drug delivery to the airways with minimum systemic drug exposure. Particle size, surface charge, biocompatibility, drug capacity, and mucoadhesive are unique chemical and physical features that must be considered for pulmonary and nasal delivery routes due to anatomical and permeability considerations.

Advanced Strategies of CAR-T Cell Therapy in Solid Tumors and Hematological Malignancies.

Chimeric antigen receptor T-cells, known as CAR-T cells, represent a promising breakthrough in the realm of adoptive cell therapy. These T-cells are genetically engineered to carry chimeric antigen receptors that specifically target tumors. They have achieved notable success in the treatment of blood-related cancers, breathing new life into this field of medical research.

Immunotherapy: Constructive Approach for Breast Cancer Treatment.

A novel and rapid therapeutic approach is the treatment of human breast cancer by enhancing the host's immune system. In initial findings, program death one (PD-1) and program cell death ligand one (PD-L1) showed positive results towards solid tumors, but tumor relapse and drug resistance are the major concerns. Breast cancer therapy has been transformed by the advent of immune checkpoint blockades (ICBs).

Expanding the role of combined immunochemotherapy and immunoradiotherapy in the management of head and neck cancer (Review).

Immunotherapy has become one of the most promising approaches in tumor therapy, and there are numerous associated clinical trials in China. As an immunosuppressive tumor, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) carries a high mutation burden, making immune checkpoint inhibitors promising candidates in this field due to their unique mechanism of action. The present review outlines a comprehensive multidisciplinary cancer treatment approach and elaborates on how combining immunochemotherapy and immunoradiotherapy guidelines could enhance clinical efficacy in patients with HNSCC.

Combination of CAR‑T cell therapy and radiotherapy: Opportunities and challenges in solid tumors (Review).

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has emerged as a new and breakthrough cancer immunotherapy. Although CAR-T cell therapy has made significant progress clinically in patients with refractory or drug-resistant hematological malignancies, there are numerous challenges in its application to solid tumor therapy, including antigen escape, severe toxic reactions, abnormal vascularization, tumor hypoxia, insufficient infiltration of CAR-T cells and immunosuppression. As a conventional mode of anti-tumor therapy, radiotherapy has shown promising effects in combination with CAR-T cell therapy by enhancing the specific immunity of endogenous target antigens, which promoted the infiltration and expansion of CAR-T cells and improved the hypoxic tumor microenvironment.

Targeting cancer metabolic vulnerabilities for advanced therapeutic efficacy.

Cancer metabolism is how cancer cells utilize nutrients and energy to support their growth and proliferation. Unlike normal cells, cancer cells have a unique metabolic profile that allows them to generate energy and the building blocks they need for rapid growth and division. This metabolic profile is marked by an increased reliance on glucose and glutamine as energy sources and changes in how cancer cells use and make key metabolic intermediates like ATP, NADH, and NADPH.

Isoxazole 9 (ISX9), a small molecule targeting Axin, activates Wnt/β-catenin signalling and promotes hair regrowth.

Background And Purpose: Isoxazole 9 (ISX9) is a neurogenesis-promoting small molecule compound that can up-regulate the expression of NeuroD1 and induce differentiation of neuronal, cardiac and islet endocrine progenitors. So far, the molecular mechanisms underlying the action of ISX9 still remain elusive.

Experimental Approach: To identify a novel agonist of the Wnt/β-catenin, a cell-based SuperTOPFlash reporter system was used to screen known-compound libraries.

Combined Immunotherapy and Targeted Therapies for Cancer Treatment: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives.

The previous year's worldview for cancer treatment has advanced from general to more precise therapeutic approaches. Chemotherapies were first distinguished as the most reliable and brief therapy with promising outcomes in cancer patients. However, patients could also suffer from severe toxicities resulting from chemotherapeutic drug usage.

Bacteria in cancer therapy: A new generation of weapons.

Tumors are presently a major threat to human life and health. Malignant tumors are conventionally treated through radiotherapy and chemotherapy. However, traditional therapies yield unsatisfactory results due to high toxicity to the normal cells, inability to treat deep tumor tissues, and the possibility of inducing drug resistance in the tumor cells.

The Application of Nanotechnology in Immunotherapy based Combinations for Cancer Treatment.

There has been a great amount of advancement in the early field of nano-immunotherapy and combination therapy. Persistent consideration regarding the clinical challenges and therapeutic hindrance should be tended to achieve therapeutic efficacy and potential. In this review, we will address how nanotechnology could defeat the difficulties resulting from cancer immunotherapy, how nanoparticles' utilization can enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockers, and reconstituting the tumor microenvironment can promote antitumor responses.

Erythrocyte membrane-camouflaged gefitinib/albumin nanoparticles for tumor imaging and targeted therapy against lung cancer.

Conventional chemotherapeutic drugs may cause serious side effects such as hepatotoxicity and renal toxicity due to lack of targeting, which affects therapy outcome and the prognosis of patients. Therefore, biomimetic nanoparticles with long blood circulation and active targeting have attracted increasing attention. In this work, we fabricated a biomimetic R-RBC@GEF-NPs nano-system by encapsulating gefitinib-loaded albumin nanoparticles (GEF-NPs) inside cRGD-modified red blood cell (RBC) membranes.

Identification of CXCL10-Relevant Tumor Microenvironment Characterization and Clinical Outcome in Ovarian Cancer.

Background: Chemokines are implicated in tumor microenvironment (TME) cell infiltration. Development of ovarian cancer involves heterologous cells together with the adjacent microenvironment. Nonetheless, our understanding of the chemokine-related TME characteristics in ovarian cancer remains obscure.

Mechanosensitive Piezo1 Channel Evoked-Mechanical Signals in Atherosclerosis.

Recently, more and more works have focused and used extensive resources on atherosclerosis research, which is one of the major causes of death globally. Alongside traditional risk factors, such as hyperlipidemia, smoking, hypertension, obesity, and diabetes, mechanical forces, including shear stress, pressure and stretches exerted on endothelial cells by flow, is proved to be crucial in atherosclerosis development. Studies have recognized the mechanosensitive Piezo1 channel as a special sensor and transducer of various mechanical forces into biochemical signals, and recent studies report its role in atherosclerosis through different mechanical forces in pressure, stretching and turbulent shear stress.

Effect of low-dose total-body radiotherapy on immune microenvironment.

The history of low-dose total-body irradiation (LTBI) as a means of radiotherapy for treating malignant tumors can be traced back to the 1920s. Despite this very low total dose, LTBI can induce long-term remissions. Tumor cells are known to change and maintain their own survival and development conditions through autocrine and paracrine signaling.

Enhancing Cancer Immunotherapy Treatment Goals by Using Nanoparticle Delivery System.

Recently, there has been an incredible increase in research about the abnormal growth of cells (neoplasm), focusing on the management, treatment and preventing reoccurrence. It has been understood that the natural defense system, composed of a variety of immune defensive cells, does not just limit its function in eliminating neoplastic cells, but also controls the growth and spread of tumor cells of different kinds to other parts of the body. Cancer immunotherapy, is a cancer treatment plan that educates the body's defensive system to forestall, control, and eliminate tumor cells.