Resilience of primary healthcare facilities: Experiences from 16 European countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. A mixed-methods study conducted by EURIPA.

Background: The role of primary healthcare (PHC) during a pandemic varies across European countries. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has altered the working practices of family medicine doctors and impacted the resilience of healthcare systems.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine European healthcare system responses to the pandemic, focusing on rural and urban differences.

Patient safety in general practice during COVID-19: a descriptive analysis in 38 countries (PRICOV-19).

Background: This article aims to examine patient safety in general practice during COVID-19.

Methods: In total, 5489 GP practices from 37 European countries and Israel filled in the online self-reported PRICOV-19 survey between November 2020 and December 2021. The outcome measures include 30 patient safety indicators on structure, process, and outcome.

PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF REHABILITATION OF HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS.

Unlabelled: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is one of the major medical problems in the world. For almost forty years, it has had catastrophic effects on the body of infected people with variable pathogenesis of mortality. The purpose of the work is to analyse the importance of psychological assistance for the social adaptation of HIV-infected patients.

Characterization of bovine serum albumin immobilization on surface modified glass slides in case of pyro-electrohydrodynamic spots.

Background: Pyro-electrohydrodynamic jetting (p-jet) has emerged recently as a promising technique for biosensing applications, through the concentration of highly diluted biomolecules in fluorescent spots at microscale. However, a great challenge still remains in optimizing the binding strategy for the sensing interface, enabling the detection of low abundance proteins through immunofluorescence protocols. Indeed, the surface of reaction can be functionalized with different chemical groups able to bind the target molecule with a strong interaction, prior to the p-jet spots decreasing the possibility to lose sensitivity after the common rinsing steps.

An Overview of Hexavalent Chromium-Induced Necroptosis, Pyroptosis, and Ferroptosis.

Heavy metals are common environmental industrial pollutants. Due to anthropogenic activity, chromium, especially its hexavalent form [Cr(VI)], is a widespread environmental contaminant that poses a threat to human health. In this review paper, we summarize the currently reported molecular mechanisms involved in chromium toxicity with a focus on the induction of pro-inflammatory non-apoptotic cell death pathways such as necroptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis.

Recruitment, data collection, participation rate, and representativeness of the international cross-sectional PRICOV-19 study across 38 countries.

Background: Recruitment for surveys has been a great challenge, especially in general practice.

Methods: Here, we reported recruitment strategies, data collection, participation rates (PR) and representativeness of the PRICOV-19 study, an international comparative, cross-sectional, online survey among general practices (GP practices) in 37 European countries and Israel.

Results: Nine (24%) countries reported a published invitation; 19 (50%) had direct contact with all GPs/GP practices; 19 (50%) contacted a sample of GPs /GP practices; and 7 (18%) used another invitation strategy.

[The clinical significance of insomnia in chronic headache].

Objective: To study the features of the manifestation of insomnia and its impact on the condition and quality of life in patients with chronic tension-type headache.

Material And Methods: The study included 65 patients with chronic tension-type headache and insomnia. Patients filled out questionnaires on headache severity, sleep quality, emotional status and quality of life.

Did the organization of primary care practices during the COVID-19 pandemic influence quality and safety? - an international survey.

Background: Changes in demographics with an older population, the illness panorama with increasing prevalence of non-communicable diseases, and the shift from hospital care to home-based care place demand on primary health care, which requires multiprofessional collaboration and team-based organization of work. The COVID-19 pandemic affected health care in various ways, such as heightened infection control measures, changing work practices, and increased workload.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the association between primary care practices' organization, and quality and safety changes during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Cytotoxicity and Degradation Resistance of Cryo- and Hydrogels Based on Carboxyethylchitosan at Different pH Values.

The use of chitosan-based gels is still limited due to their restricted solubility in acid solutions, where the molecules have a positive charge. The functionalization of chitosan makes it possible to significantly expand the possibilities of using both the polymer itself and hydrogels based on its derivatives. To evaluate the effect of the conditions for the production of cryo- and hydrogels based on carboxyethylchitosan (CEC) crosslinked with glutaraldehyde on gel swelling and its resistance to degradation depending on pH and cytotoxic effects and to test the hypothesis that the amount of crosslinking agent during synthesis may affect the cytotoxicity of the gel.

Modern view on the problem of acute pleural empyema surgical treatment.

Objective: Aim: data study on the results of treatment of acute non-specific purulent-destructive pleura diseases with the purpose of further improvement of its results on the basis of improvement of diagnostics, identification of factors of disease prognosis and by implementing differential tactics of surgical treatment with the use of minimally invasive interventions.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: We have studied modern literary sources on the topic of current trends in the treatment of acute pleural empyema and its complications. The studied material is summarized and presented in the form of a literature review in this article.

Highly sensitive detection of the neurodegenerative biomarker Tau by using the concentration effect of the pyro-electrohydrodynamic jetting.

It is largely documented that neurodegenerative diseases can be effectively treated only if early diagnosed. In this context, the structural changes of some biomolecules such as Tau, seem to play a key role in neurodegeneration mechanism becoming eligible targets for an early diagnosis. Post-translational modifications are responsible to drive the Tau protein towards a transition phase from a native disorder conformation into a preaggregation state, which then straight recruits the final fibrillization process.

Miniaturized, high numerical aperture confocal fluorescence detection enhanced with pyroelectric droplet accumulation for sub-attomole analyte diagnosis.

To meet the growing demand for early fatal disease screening among large populations, current fluorescence detection instruments aiming at point-of-care diagnosis have the tendency to be low cost and high sensitivity, with a high potential for the analysis of low-volume, multiplex analytes with easy operation. In this work, we present the development of a miniaturized, high numerical aperture confocal fluorescence scanner for sub-micro-liter fluid diagnosis. It is enhanced with high-rate analyte accumulation using a pyroelectro-hydrodynamic dispensing system for generating tiny, stable sample droplets.

Free and open-source QSAR-ready workflow for automated standardization of chemical structures in support of QSAR modeling.

The rapid increase of publicly available chemical structures and associated experimental data presents a valuable opportunity to build robust QSAR models for applications in different fields. However, the common concern is the quality of both the chemical structure information and associated experimental data. This is especially true when those data are collected from multiple sources as chemical substance mappings can contain many duplicate structures and molecular inconsistencies.

MODERN TRENDS AND PERSPECTIVES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF ADHESIVE DENTISTRY. INNOVATIVE TECHNIQUES FOR THE APPLICATION OF ADHESIVE SYSTEMS.

Objective: The aim: To study the latest approaches to optimizing the composition and application protocols of modern adhesive systems, which are used during the restoration of defects in hard dental tissues with restorative materials.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: Thirty articles published between January 1, 2020 and February 1, 2023 in the scientific databases PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar were selected. The selected scientific works contained the results of laboratory studies, systematic reviews, meta-analyses of the physical and mechanical characteristics of adhesive systems with a modified composition or application protocols different from the instructions of the manufacturing companies.

[3+2]-Cycloaddition of Nitrile Imines to Parabanic Acid Derivatives-An Approach to Novel Spiroimidazolidinediones.

Approximately 1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition of imidazolidine derivatives containing exocyclic double bonds is a convenient method of creating spiro-conjugated molecules with promising anticancer activity. In this work, the derivatives of parabanic acid (2-thioxoimidazolidine-4,5-diones and 5-aryliminoimidazolidine-2,4-diones) were first investigated as dipolarophiles in the reactions with nitrile imines. The generation of nitrile imines was carried out either by the addition of tertiary amine to hydrazonoyl chlorides «drop by drop» or using the recently proposed diffusion mixing technique, which led to ~5-15% increases in target compound yields.

Ultrafast demagnetization in bulk nickel induced by X-ray photons tuned to Ni M and L absorption edges.

Studies of light-induced demagnetization started with the experiment performed by Beaupaire et al. on Ni. Here, we present theoretical predictions for X-ray induced demagnetization of nickel, with X-ray photon energies tuned to its [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] absorption edges.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF EFFECTIVENESS OF OBESITY TREATMENT IN PRIMARY CARE USING PATIENT-ORIENTED APPROACH WITH MOTIVATIONAL COUNSELING FOR LIFESTYLE CORRECTION AND ITS COMBINATION WITH ARMODAFINIL THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH CONCOMITANT SHIFT WORK SLEEP DISORDER.

Objective: Aim: Conduct a comparative analysis of effectiveness of obesity treatment in primary care using patient-oriented approach with motivational counseling for lifestyle correction and its combination with armodafinil therapy in patients with concomitant shift work sleep disorder.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: 75 patients with obesity were studied, 38 patients had shift work disorder. Patients were divided into 2 groups: I (37 patients with obesity treated with motivational counseling) and II (38 patients with obesity and shift work disorder treated additionally with armodafinil 150 mg daily).

Oscillation Dynamics of Dielectric Polymer Droplets during Electrohydrodynamic Jetting in a Wide Range of Viscosities.

The electrohydrodynamic (EHD) jetting of fluids is used for several applications such as inkjet printing, atomization of analyte in mass spectrometry, liquid metal alloy ion sources, and electrospinning of polymer fibers. Historically, the bulk of research has focused on nonviscous, highly conductive fluids which are most suitable for EHD spray and printing, while there is relatively little experimental work on EHD jetting of highly viscous liquid dielectrics. We studied the dynamics of oscillation and pulsating jetting from a suspended drop of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) polymers in an electric field, with particular attention to the viscosity dependence of the oscillation period and meniscus elongation and contraction time over a wide viscosity range (10-10 cSt).

TREATMENT EXPERIENCE OF CHRONIC LUNG ABSCESSES USING MINI-INVASIVE ELECTROSURGICAL TECHNIQUES.

Objective: The aim: To increase the efficiency of surgical treatment of patients with chronic lung abscesses by developing mini-invasive methods of surgical treatment using electrosurgical technologies.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: Conducted study of the results of surgical treatment of 78 patients with chronic lung abscesses operated from 2011 to 2021. Patients were divided into two groups: the main group (37 patients who were treated using developed technologies) and a comparison group (41 patients, treated using traditional tactics).

Femtosecond Reduction of Atomic Scattering Factors Triggered by Intense X-Ray Pulse.

X-ray diffraction of silicon irradiated with tightly focused femtosecond x-ray pulses (photon energy, 11.5 keV; pulse duration, 6 fs) was measured at various x-ray intensities up to 4.6×10^{19}  W/cm^{2}.

Non-thermal structural transformation of diamond driven by x-rays.

Intense x-ray pulses can cause the non-thermal structural transformation of diamond. At the SACLA XFEL facility, pump x-ray pulses triggered this phase transition, and probe x-ray pulses produced diffraction patterns. Time delays were observed from 0 to 250 fs, and the x-ray dose varied from 0.

A Carboxyethylchitosan Gel Cross-Linked with Glutaraldehyde as a Candidate Carrier for Biomedical Applications.

To date, few publications describe CEC's properties and possible applications-thus, further evaluation of these properties is a point of interest. The present in vitro model study aimed to evaluate a carboxyethylchitosan (CEC) gel with a degree of substitution of 1, cross-linked with glutaraldehyde at a polymer:aldehyde molar ratio of 10:1, as a potential carrier for delivering bacteriophages to various pH-fixed media (acidic, alkaline), and including gastrointestinal tract (GIT) variable medium. A quantitative analysis of bacteriophages released from the gel was performed using photon correlation spectrophotometry, and phage activity after emission into medium was evaluated using the spot test.

The Effectiveness of Various Types of Electrical Stimulation of the Spinal Cord for Chronic Pain in Patients with Postherpetic Neuralgia: A Literature Review.

Introduction: Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is a severe condition that remains a challenge to treat. Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is used in cases of insufficient efficacy of conservative treatment. However, in contrast to many other neuropathic pain syndromes, there is a huge problem in reaching long-term stable pain relief in patients with PHN using conventional tonic SCS.

Impact of Vitamin D3 on Carbonyl-Oxidative Stress and Matrix Metalloproteinases after Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Rats with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is associated with the development of carbonyl-oxidative stress (COS) and an increased risk of a cerebral hemorrhage. Vitamin D3 is considered an additional drug to have an impact on COS and proteolysis in the extracellular matrix.

Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the impact of D3 on the COS-markers and matrix metalloproteinases MMP2/MMP9 activity after acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in rats with experimental type 2 diabetes mellitus (Т2DM) compared to metformin (Met).