Feline minor salivary gland adenocarcinoma: retrospective case series and literature review.

Case Series Summary: Salivary gland adenocarcinoma, of major or minor salivary gland origin, is an uncommon tumor in cats. This article describes the clinical features, morbidity and survival rates of four cats with salivary gland adenocarcinoma arising from minor salivary gland tissue. Medical records from a private multicenter dentistry and oral surgery practice were reviewed for the period between 2007 and 2021.

Presentation, Diagnostic Imaging, and Clinical Outcome of Conventional Ameloblastoma in Dogs.

A noninductive tumor of odontogenic epithelium occurs within the tooth bearing regions of the jaw in dogs and fits the conventional definition of ameloblastoma, which is distinct from, and less common than, canine acanthomatous ameloblastoma. In order to clarify the clinical and radiological features of this uncommon odontogenic tumor in dogs, we performed a retrospective study of 20 dogs that were diagnosed between 2007 and 2015. Follow-up information was obtained for 17 of 20 dogs.

Suspected Lateral Periodontal Cyst Presenting Concurrently with Canine Acanthomatous Ameloblastoma in a 2-Year-Old Standard Poodle.

Lateral periodontal cysts (LPCs) are odontogenic epithelial cysts composed of nonkeratinized epithelial cells that are in the category of developmental cysts, rather than inflammatory cysts. Lateral periodontal cysts are rare both in people and domestic animals; they are associated with vital teeth and located lateral to a tooth root. Lateral periodontal cysts are typically asymptomatic lesions that are characterized radiographically as a unilocular lucency with well-defined corticated borders.

Truncated hemoglobins in Frankia CcI3: effects of nitrogen source, oxygen concentration, and nitric oxide.

Frankia strain CcI3 produces 2 truncated hemoglobins, HbN and HbO. Using ion-exchange chromatography, we characterized the expression of the relative amounts of HbN and HbO in -N (nitrogen-fixing) cultures and +N (nitrogen-supplemented) cultures. The -N cultures maintained an approximately constant ratio of HbO to HbN throughout the life of the culture, with HbO constituting 80%-85% of the total hemoglobin produced.

Truncated hemoglobins in actinorhizal nodules of Datisca glomerata.

Three types of hemoglobins exist in higher plants, symbiotic, non-symbiotic, and truncated hemoglobins. Symbiotic (class II) hemoglobins play a role in oxygen supply to intracellular nitrogen-fixing symbionts in legume root nodules, and in one case ( Parasponia Sp.), a non-symbiotic (class I) hemoglobin has been recruited for this function.

Hemoglobin in five genetically diverse Frankia strains.

Five strains of Frankia were selected to represent a wide range of genetic diversity and examined for presence of hemoglobin. All five strains produced hemoglobin when grown on media without (-N) or with (+N) combined nitrogen. This indicates that hemoglobin is common in Frankia and is not directly associated with nitrogen fixation.

Hemoglobin in Frankia, a nitrogen-fixing actinomycete.

Frankia strain CcI3 grown in culture produced a hemoglobin which had optical absorption bands typical of a hemoglobin and a molecular mass of 14.1 kDa. Its equilibrium oxygen binding constant was 274 nM, the oxygen dissociation rate constant was 56 s(-1), and the oxygen association rate constant was 206 microM(-1) s(-1).

The Resistance of the Diffusion Barrier in Nodules of Myrica gale L. Changes in Response to Temperature but Not to Partial Pressure of O2.

Rates of C2H2 reduction and CO2 evolution by nodules were measured in a flowthrough system using intact plants of Myrica gale L. Both activities increased linearly with increasing partial pressure of O2 (pO2) up to 18 kPa. The linear relationship between CO2 evolution and pO2 at pO2 values between 6 and 18 kPa suggests that the diffusion barrier has a constant resistance.

Purification of Hemoglobin from the Actinorhizal Root Nodules of Myrica gale L.

Hemoglobins are generally absent or present in low concentrations in the nodules of actinorhizal plants. An exception is Casuarina, where a hemoglobin occurs at relatively high concentration. However, this plant is unique in that Frankia, the microsymbiont, lacks the vesicles that are normally the site of nitrogen fixation.

Factors Affecting the Acetylene to 15N2 Conversion Ratio in Root Nodules of Myrica gale L.

When nodules of actinorhizal plants are exposed to acetylene, there is often an initial peak rate of acetylene reduction followed by a decline and a partial recovery. Treatment of hydroponically grown Myrica gale L. with water deficiency or dark stress increased the magnitude of the acetylene-induced decline and decreased the extent of the recovery.

Factors Affecting the Acetylene-Induced Decline during Nitrogenase Assays in Root Nodules of Myrica gale L.

Our goal was to determine why the rate of acetylene reduction by nodules of actinorhizal plants declines after an initial peak value. The decline was eliminated by pretreatment with argon, indicating that the decline is initiated by cessation of ammonia synthesis. When O(2) concentration was decreased during the decline, the rate of acetylene reduction increased.

Time course of acetylene reduction in nodules of five actinorhizal genera.

The rate of acetylene reduction was measured as a function of time after addition of 10% acetylene in Alnus, Casuarina, Ceanothus, Datisca, and Myrica. The maximum rate occurred after 45 to 60 seconds and was maintained for an additional 0.5 to 4 minutes before a decline in rate to 30 to 90% of the maximum.

Oxygen protection of nitrogenase in Frankia sp. HFPArI3.

O2 protection of nitrogenase in a cultured Frankia isolate from Alnus rubra (HFPArI3) was studied in vivo. Evidence for a passive gas diffusion barrier in the vesicles was obtained by kinetic analysis of in vivo O2 uptake and acetylene reduction rates in response to substrate concentration. O2 of NH4+-grown cells showed an apparent KmO2 of approximately 1 microM O2.

Hemoglobin in a nonleguminous plant, parasponia: possible genetic origin and function in nitrogen fixation.

A dimeric hemoglobin was purified from nitrogen-fixing root nodules formed by association of Rhizobium with a nonleguminous plant, Parasponia. The oxygen dissociation rate constant is probably sufficiently high to allow Parasponia hemoglobin to function in a fashion similar to that of leghemoglobin, by oxygen buffering and transport during symbiotic nitrogen fixation. The identification of hemoglobin in a nonlegume raises important questions about the evolution of plant hemoglobin genes.

OXYGEN CONCENTRATION WITHIN THE NITROGEN-FIXING ROOT NODULES OF MYRICA GALE L.

Microelectrodes were used to study the oxygen concentration within Myrica gale L. nodules. Low oxygen concentrations were found only in the region of the mature, nitrogen-fixing endophyte, and appeared to correspond to clusters of infected host cells.

Simultaneous measurement of acetylene reduction and respiratory gas exchange of attached root nodules.

A method was developed for the simultaneous measurement of acetylene reduction, carbon dioxide evolution and oxygen uptake by individual root nodules of intact nitrogen-fixing plants (Alnus rubra Bong.). The nodules were enclosed in a temperature-controlled leak-tight cuvette.

Diffusion Limitation of Oxygen Uptake and Nitrogenase Activity in the Root Nodules of Parasponia rigida Merr. and Perry.

Parasponia is the first non-legume genus proven to form nitrogen-fixing root nodules induced by rhizobia. Infiltration with India ink demonstrated that intercellular air spaces are lacking in the inner layers of the nodule cortex. Oxygen must diffuse through these layers to reach the cells containing the rhizobia, and it was calculated that most of the gradient in O(2) partial pressure between the atmosphere and rhizobia occurs at the inner cortex.

Dinitrogen Fixation by Cultures of Frankia sp CpIl Demonstrated by N(2) Incorporation.

The filamentous bacterium Frankia of the Actinomycetales, isolated from the nitrogen-fixing root nodules of certain woody plants, has shown nitrogenase activity in culture, using the acetylene reduction method. In the present work, nitrogenase activity in pure cultures of Frankia sp. CpIl is confirmed using mass spectrometric measurements of (15)N(2) incorporation.

Factors affecting vesicle formation and acetylene reduction (nitrogenase activity) in Frankia sp. CpI1.

Vesicle formation and acetylene reduction (nitrogenase activity) were observed when washed hyphae from cultures of Frankia sp. CpI1 were transferred to a nitrogen-free medium containing ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and succinate. Succinate could be replaced by malate or fumarate, but not other carbon sources.

Energy requirement for nitrogen fixation in actinorhizal and legume root nodules.

The ratio of respiration to nitrogenase activity was measured in five species of actinorhizal root nodules and eight species of legume nodules. The two types of nodules could not be distinguished on the basis of this ratio; this evidence thus indicates that the energy cost of nitrogen fixation is similar for both.

Acetylene reduction by soil cores of maize and sorghum in Brazil.

Nitrogenase activity was measured by the C(2)H(2) reduction method in large soil cores (29 cm in diameter by 20 cm in depth) of maize (Zea mays) and sorghum (Sorghum vulgare). The activity was compared to that obtained by a method in which the roots were removed from the soil and assayed for nitrogenase activity after an overnight preincubation in 1% O(2). In a total of six experiments and 28 soil cores, the nitrogenase activity of the cores was an average of 14 times less than the activity of roots removed from the same cores and preincubated.

Acetylene reduction (nitrogen fixation) associated with corn inoculated with Spirillum.

Sorghum and corn breeding lines were grown in soil in field and greenhouse experiments with and without an inoculum of N2-fixing in Spirillum strains from Brazil. Estimated rates of N2 fixation associated with field-grown corn and sorghum plants were less than 4 g of N2/ha per day. The mean estimated N2-fixation rates determined on segments of roots from corn inoculated with Spirillum and grown in the greenhouse at 24 to 27 degrees C were 15 g of N2/ha per day (16 inbreds), 25 g of N2/ha per day (six hybrids), and 165 g of N2/ha per day for one hybird which was heavily inoculated.

Nitrogen fixation associated with grasses in Oregon.

Nitrogen fixation associated with both natural grasslands and grain crops of Oregon was studied using the acetylene-reduction assay. A number of the grasses collected has some acetylene-reducing activity. Agrostis tenuis Sibth.