Posterior Polar Annular Choroidal Dystrophy: Genetic Insights and Differential Diagnosis in Inherited Retinal Diseases.

Posterior polar annular choroidal dystrophy (PPACD) is a rare ocular disorder and presents as symmetric degeneration of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and the underlying choriocapillaris, encircling the retinal vascular arcades and optic disc. This condition distinctively preserves the foveal region, optic disc, and the outermost regions of the retina. Despite its distinct clinical presentation, due to the infrequency of its occurrence and the limited number of reported cases, the pathophysiology, and the genetic foundations of PPACD are still largely uncharted.

An update on ophthalmological perspectives in oculodermal melanocytosis (Nevus of Ota).

Purpose: To provide a review of the literature on oculodermal melanocytosis (ODM) with a focus on the diagnostic and therapeutic implications of multimodal imaging techniques in the management of ophthalmic complications.

Methods: The authors carried out a literature search on PubMed, Medline, and Scopus of English language articles published on ODM through August 2021. This review presents traditional and novel diagnostic methods in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with particular emphasis on addressing the role of imaging in the management of the ophthalmic complications of the condition towards improving current practice patterns.

Understanding the role of microperimetry in glaucoma.

Purpose: The present narrative review attempts to provide an overview on the use of microperimetry or fundus-driven perimetry in glaucoma, considering the clinical use, the different strategies and limits compared to standard automated perimetry.

Methods: An electronic database (PubMed and Medline) search was performed of articles of any type published in the English language between 1998 and 2020 with a combination of the following terms: microperimetry, glaucoma, primary open-angle chronic glaucoma, visual field, Humphrey visual field, fundus automated perimetry.

Results: All the original articles, case reports, and short series analyzed were included in the present review, offering an excursus on the strengths and limitations characterizing the use of microperimetry in glaucomatous patients.

Effect of intraocular pressure lowering on the capillary density of optic nerve head and retinal nerve fiber layer in patients with glaucoma.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of IOP lowering on the capillary density of optic nerve head and retinal nerve fiber layer in patients with primary open angle glaucoma.

Methods: Twenty eyes of 14 glaucomatous patients and 15 eyes of nine normal patients were enrolled. The most appropriate hypotonic treatment was applied to every patient.

Human amniotic membrane patch and platelet-rich plasma to promote retinal hole repair in a recurrent retinal detachment.

Purpose: To present a modified surgical technique, based on a combination of human amniotic membrane (hAM) patch and autologous Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in a case of recurrent retinal detachment (RRD) due to a perivascular retinal hole over an area of staphyloma in an eye with pathologic myopia.

Methods: Presenting the surgical technique with the disposal of surgical video. After performing 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) the hAM patch was inserted under the neuroretina through the perivascular hole and PRP was injected on top to speed up the closure of the hole.

The Effect of Topical Bromfenac on Intraretinal and Subretinal Fluid in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Purpose: To report the effect of topical bromfenac, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), in a case of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Methods: An 85-year-old woman presented with a complaint of visual acuity reduction in the right eye. Comprehensive ophthalmological examination and retinal imaging were performed.

Time course of changes in retinal thickness and visual acuity after intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide for diffuse diabetic macular edema with and without previous macular laser treatment.

Purpose: To describe the changes in retinal thickness (RT) and visual acuity over time in patients with clinically significant diffuse diabetic macular edema (DME) after intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) and to compare patients with and without previous laser treatment.

Methods: A total of 23 eyes with clinically significant DME received a 4-mg IVTA injection. Twelve eyes were refractory to macular laser treatment (group 1), and 11 eyes received IVTA as primary therapy (group 2).

Clinicopathological correlation in exudative age-related macular degeneration: recurrent choroidal neovascularization.

Purpose: To report the pathology of surgically removed submacular tissue in recurrent choroidal neovascularization after laser photocoagulation of classic choroidal neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration.

Methods: A recurrent subfoveal choroidal neovascular membrane was surgically removed in two patients. The recurrence was identified as a classic membrane on fluorescein angiography at the foveal border of the laser scar.

[Significance of postoperative face-down positioning after surgery for idiopathic macular holes: consecutive case-control study].

Background: Postoperative face-down positioning is considered to be a critical part in macular hole surgery with short-acting gas. However, the significance of this posturing remains uncertain using long-acting gas tamponade.

Patients And Methods: Fifty consecutive eyes with idiopathic full-thickness macular holes underwent macular hole surgery with a follow up time of 6-12 months.