Optimization of Pyrazole Compounds as Antibiotic Adjuvants Active against Colistin- and Carbapenem-Resistant .

The diffusion of antibiotic-resistant, Gram-negative, opportunistic pathogens, an increasingly important global public health issue, causes a significant socioeconomic burden. isolates, despite causing a lower number of infections than Enterobacterales, often show multidrug-resistant phenotypes. Carbapenem resistance is also rather common, prompting the WHO to include carbapenem-resistant as a "critical priority" for the discovery and development of new antibacterial agents.

Screen of Unfocused Libraries Identified Compounds with Direct or Synergistic Antibacterial Activity.

Antibiotic resistance is an increasingly important global public health issue, as major opportunistic pathogens are evolving toward multidrug- and pan-drug resistance phenotypes. New antibiotics are thus needed to maintain our ability to treat bacterial infections. According to the WHO, carbapenem-resistant , , and are the most critical targets for the development of new antibacterial drugs.

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension with deep brain swelling.

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is caused by leakage of CSF, and characterized on MRI by brain sagging, dilatation of veins and dural sinuses, subdural fluid collections and post-contrast enhancement of the thickened dura. A few cases may present a very severe brain sagging through the tentorial notch and swelling of the diencephalic-mesencephalic structures, with absent or scarce subdural collections and post-contrast enhancement. These patients may have surprisingly few neurological signs or may become drowsy and even lapse into coma due to central herniation.

Methylation of O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase and loss of heterozygosity on 19q and/or 17p are overlapping features of secondary glioblastomas with prolonged survival.

Purpose: Recent data suggest that methylation of the DNA repair gene O(6)-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), by increasing the chemosensitivity of glioblastoma multiforme, is significantly associated with improved prognosis. Results in contradiction with these findings, however, are present in the literature and the clinical and genetic context framing MGMT methylation is poorly characterized.

Experimental Design: To address these issues, we have investigated the MGMT methylation status, clinical and magnetic resonance imaging characteristics, and relevant genetic features (loss of heterozygosity on 17p and 19q, EGFR amplification, and p53 mutations) in a retrospective study on 86 patients affected by glioblastoma multiforme: 72 patients had a clinical history indicating de novo insurgence of the tumor and the remaining 14 were secondary glioblastoma multiforme.

Dural sinus thrombosis in spontaneous intracranial hypotension: Hypotheses on possible mechanisms.

Dural sinus thrombosis (DST) is rarely associated with spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH). Engorgement of the venous system, caused by the CSF loss that occurs in SIH, is considered to favour the thrombosis, although signs of both SIH and DST are usually seen simultaneously at the first diagnostic MRI. We observed two patients with SIH and DST.

Reclassification of oligoastrocytomas by loss of heterozygosity studies.

Oligoastrocytomas (OAs) are WHO grade II or III tumors composed of a mixture of 2 neoplastic cell types morphologically resembling the cells in oligodendrogliomas and diffuse astrocytomas. Investigations on the genetic profile of OAs may yield important information for their classification and help for their clinical management. We have studied, in 94 OAs (46 WHO grade II and 48 WHO grade III), the patterns of loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of 4 genomic regions: 1p, 19q, 17p and 10q.

Wallerian degeneration of the pontocerebellar fibers.

Two cases of pontine infarct with Wallerian degeneration (WD) of the pontocerebellar fibers are described. WD of pontocerebellar fibers, seen bilaterally along the transverse pontine fibers, is more visible in the middle cerebellar peduncles and extends into the white matter of the cerebellar hemispheres. Understanding the anatomy of the white matter and the temporal evolution of this degeneration is essential in identifying WD.

Spontaneous partial thrombosis of a basilar artery giant aneurysm in a child.

We report the complete, spontaneous obliteration of a partially thrombosed dissecting giant aneurysm in the basilar artery by occlusion of both the lumen of the aneurysm and the parent artery in a 15-year-old girl.

Breast MRI screening in patients with increased familial and/or genetic risk for breast cancer: a preliminary experience.

Aims And Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer affecting women, and it is associated with or due to a genetic predisposition in 5%-10% of the cases. Owing to the higher risk of developing breast cancer and the early onset of the disease in women proved or suspected to be carriers of a breast cancer susceptibility gene, a dedicated screening should be offered as a less invasive approach with the otherwise suggested prophylactic mastectomy. This should be optimized in order to overcome the limitations of conventional breast imaging with the application of new technologies such as breast magnetic resonance imaging.

Breast microcalcifications studied with 3D contrast-enhanced high-field magnetic resonance imaging: more accuracy in the diagnosis of breast cancer.

Aims: To evaluate the reliability of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed with three-dimensional (3D) sequences in mammographically detected breast microcalcifications.

Methods: During an 8-month period, a group of 28 patients with mammographically detected microcalcifications suspicious for malignancy underwent MRI. Their ages ranged from 33 to 65 years.