Adsorption and Inhibition Mechanisms of New Pyrazole Derivatives for Carbon Steel Corrosion in Hydrochloric Acid Solutions Based on Experimental, Computational, and Theoretical Calculations.

The study aims to synthesize two green pyrazole compounds, -((1-pyrazol-1-yl)methyl)-4-nitroaniline (L4) and ethyl 5-methyl-1-(((4-nitrophenyl)amino)methyl)-1-pyrazole-3-carboxylate (L6), and test their action as corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel (CS) in a 1 M HCl solution. Both chemical and electrochemical methods, namely, gravimetric measurements (WL), potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), were used to assess the efficiency of the investigated molecules. DFT calculations at B3LYP/6-31++G (d, p) and molecular dynamics simulation were used to carry out quantum chemical calculations in order to link their electronic characteristics with the findings of experiments.

Synthesis of novel pyrazolone candidates with studying some biological activities and in-silico studies.

Pyranopyrazole derivatives have a vital role in the class of organic compounds because of their broad spectrum of biological and pharmacological importance. Our current goal is the [3 + 3] cycloaddition of benzoyl isothiocyanate and pyrazolone 1 to undergo oxidation cyclization, producing pyrazoloxadiazine 3. The diol 5 was obtained as a condensation of two equivalents of 1 with thiophene-2-carboxaldehyde in acetic acid above the sodium acetate mixture.

Ultrasonic Clusterization Process to Prepare [(NNCO)CoCl] as a Novel Double-Open-CoO Cubane Cluster: SXRD Interactions, DFT, Physicochemical, Thermal Behaviors, and Biomimicking of Catecholase Activity.

A novel double-open-cubane (NNCO)CoCl cluster with a CoO core was made available under aqua-ultrasonic open atmosphere conditions for the first time. The ultrasonic clusterization of the (3,5-dimethyl-1-pyrazol-1-yl)methanol (NNCOH) ligand with CoCl·6HO salts in ethanol yielded a high-purity and high-yield cluster product. Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and ultraviolet (UV)-visible techniques were used to elucidate the clusterization process.

Synthesis of Novel Tetra(µ-Methoxo) Bridged with [Cu(II)-O-Cd(II)] Double-Open-Cubane Cluster: XRD/HSA-Interactions, Spectral and Oxidizing Properties.

A new double-open-cubane core Cd(II)-O-Cu(II) bimetallic ligand mixed cluster of type [ClCuCd(NNO)(NN)(NO)].CHCN was made available in EtOH/CHCN solution. The 1-hydroxymethyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazole (NNOH) and 3,5-dimethylpyrazole (NNH) act as N,O-polydentate anion ligands in coordinating the Cu(II) and Cd(II) centers.

Addictive behaviors, cardiovascular and metabolic comorbidities in North African psoriatic patients: case-control study.

We propose to study the epidemiological aspects of North African psoriasis and determine the cardiovascular comorbidities and addictive behaviors associated with psoriasis. This is a North African case-control study which was conducted over a five year period (October 2008 through August 2013), involving 671 psoriatic patients and 1,242 controls identified in various Algerian, Tunisian and Moroccan university hospitals. For each patient, epidemiological characteristic, addictive behaviors, and cardiovascular pathologies associated with psoriasis were noted.

Petra/Osiris/Molinspiration and Molecular Docking Analyses of 3-Hydroxy-Indolin-2-one Derivatives as Potential Antiviral Agents.

Background: Studies on the interaction between bioactive molecules and HIV-1 virus have been the focus of recent research in the scope of medicinal chemistry and pharmacology.

Objective: Investigating the structural parameters and physico-chemical properties of elucidating and identifying the antiviral pharmacophore sites.

Methods: A mixed computational Petra/Osiris/Molinspiration/DFT (POM/DFT) based model has been developed for the identification of physico-chemical parameters governing the bioactivity of 22 3-hydroxy-indolin-2-one derivatives of diacetyl-L-tartaric acid and aromatic amines containing combined antiviral/antitumor/antibacterial pharmacophore sites.

Crystal structure of tris-(2,2'-bi-pyridine)-cobalt(II) bis-(1,1,3,3-tetra-cyano-2-eth-oxy-propenide).

In the title compound, [Co(CHN)](CHNO), the tris-(2,2'-bi-pyridine)-cobalt(II) dication lies across a twofold rotation axes in the space group 2/. The N atoms of the three bi-pyridine ligands form a distorted octa-hedron around the cobalt ion. All the N atoms of the polynitrile 1,1,3,3-tetra-cyano-2-eth-oxy-propenide anions participate in C-H⋯N hydrogen bonds ensuring crystal cohesion and forming a three-dimensional structure.

Decreased circulating T regulatory lymphocytes in obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery.

Objective: It has been previously demonstrated that T lymphocytes may be involved in the development of hypertension and microvascular remodeling, and that circulating T effector lymphocytes may be increased in hypertension. In particular, Th1 and Th 17 lymphocytes may contribute to the progression of hypertension and microvascular damage while T-regulatory (Treg) lymphocytes seem to be protective in this regard. However, no data is available about patients with severe obesity, in which pronounced microvascular alterations were observed.

Calicophoron daubneyi and Fasciola hepatica: characteristics of natural and experimental co-infections of these digeneans in the snail Lymnaea glabra.

A retrospective study on different Lymnaea glabra samples collected from central France between 1993 and 2010 was carried out to determine the prevalence of natural co-infections with Calicophoron daubneyi and Fasciola hepatica, and to specify the composition of redial burdens. Experimental infections of L. glabra performed during the same period of time were also analysed to study metacercarial production of each digenean in co-infected snails.

EPIMAG: International Cross-Sectional Epidemiological Psoriasis Study in the Maghreb.

Background: Psoriasis is a common skin disorder that is characterized by red plaques covered with silvery scales and is associated with considerable psychosocial impact. It has been described in several studies worldwide, but specific data from the Maghreb (Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia) are unavailable.

Objectives: To characterize the frequency of new psoriasis cases and to describe the epidemiological and clinical profile of psoriasis in the Maghreb.

Ruminal paramphistomosis in cattle from northeastern Algeria: prevalence, parasite burdens and species identification.

Slaughterhouse samples were analysed over a two-year period (September 2010-August 2012) in Jijel (northeastern Algeria) in order to determine seasonal variations in the prevalence and intensity of bovine paramphistomosis in a Mediterranean climate and identify paramphistome species using molecular biology. In spring and summer, significantly higher prevalences and lower parasite burdens were noted in bull calves, thus indicating an effect of season on these parameters. In contrast, the differences among seasonal prevalences or among seasonal parasite burdens were not significant in the case of old cows.

Natural light influences cercarial emergence of Calicophoron daubneyi but not that of Haplometra cylindracea from temperature-challenged Galba truncatula.

Laboratory investigations on Galba truncatula experimentally infected with Calicophoron daubneyi were carried out to study the influence of natural light and sky nebulosity on cercarial emergence in snails subjected every week outdoors to a thermal shock (a mean of 12 °C for 3 h) during the patent period. The same study was also performed in G. truncatula naturally infected with Haplometra cylindracea according to the same protocol.

Adaptation of Lymnaea fuscus and Radix balthica to Fasciola hepatica through the experimental infection of several successive snail generations.

Background: High prevalence of Fasciola hepatica infection (>70%) was noted during several outbreaks before the 2000s in several French farms where Galba truncatula is lacking. Other lymnaeids such as Lymnaea fuscus, L. glabra and/or Radix balthica are living in meadows around these farms but only juvenile snails can sustain complete larval development of F.

Fasciola hepatica: effect of the natural light level on cercarial emergence from temperature-challenged Galba truncatula.

As abrupt changes in water temperature (thermal shock) triggered a significantly greater cercarial emergence of Fasciola hepatica from experimentally infected Galba truncatula, laboratory investigations were carried out to study the influence of light on cercarial emergence in snails subjected to a thermal shock every week (a mean of 12 °C for 3 h) during the patent period. Thermal shock for these temperature-challenged (TC) snails was carried out outdoors under artificial or natural light, or indoors under constant artificial light. Compared with the infected control snails always reared indoors at 20 °C, the number of cercariae in TC snails subjected to a thermal shock and natural light outdoors was significantly greater.

Consequence of temperature changes on cercarial shedding from Galba truncatula infected with Fasciola hepatica or Paramphistomum daubneyi.

Experimental infections of Galba truncatula (two populations) with Fasciola hepatica or Paramphistomum daubneyi were carried out to study the effect of water temperature changes (3 h at a mean of 12 °C every week) on cercarial shedding during the patent period. The results were compared with those of control snails infected according to the same protocol and always maintained at 20 °C. Compared to controls, a significant increase in the number of cercariae-shedding snails, a significantly longer patent period and significantly greater cercarial production were noted in temperature-challenged snails, regardless of the type of digenean infection.

Paramphistomum daubneyi: characteristics of infection in three lymnaeid species.

Experimental infections of two South American lymnaeids (Lymnaea neotropica and L. viatrix var. ventricosa) with Paramphistomum daubneyi were carried out to determine if these snail species could sustain larval development of this digenean and, if so, to specify their potential for cercarial production.

The role of colonic mast cells and myenteric plexitis in patients with diverticular disease.

Background: Gut mast cells represent an important cell population involved in intestinal homeostasis and inflammatory processes. However, their possible role has not to date been investigated in colonic diverticular disease.

Aims: This study aims to evaluate colonic mast cells in patients undergoing surgery for diverticular disease.

High incidence of appendix carcinoid tumors among candidates for bariatric surgery: diagnostic and therapeutic implications.

Although the appendix has been recognized as a preferential site for carcinoid tumors in obese patients, no definitive guidelines are so far available regarding the management of these patients when candidates for bariatric surgery. This study was designed to fill that gap. Between 2000-2008, 558 patients underwent bariatric procedures.

Prevalence and intensity of Paramphistomum daubneyi infections in cattle from north-eastern Algeria.

Parasitological investigations on ruminal paramphistomosis were carried out in 2033 cattle over a 14-month period in three Algerian slaughterhouses to determine the prevalence and intensity of this disease. The prevalence of infection varied from different slaughterhouses (1.2% at El Khroub, 7.

Laparoscopic versus open left lateral hepatectomy.

Laparoscopic liver surgery is becoming more popular, and many high-volume liver centers are now gaining expertise in this area. Laparoscopic left lateral hepatectomy (LLLH) is a standardized and anatomically well-defined resection and may transform into a primarily laparoscopic procedure for cancer surgery or living donor hepatectomy for transplantation. Five case-control series were identified comparing a total of 167 cases (86 cases of LLLH plus 81 cases of open left lateral hepatectomy).

Total cercarial output in two populations of Galba truncatula experimentally infected with Fasciola hepatica.

Experimental infections of pre-adult Galba truncatula (two populations) using one, two, three or five miracidia of Fasciola hepatica per snail were carried out to determine the total number of cercariae produced by snails when they were sacrificed at day 70 post-exposure (at 24 degrees C). When the number of miracidia used for each snail increased at exposure, significant numerical augmentations of live rediae and of intraredial differentiating cercariae were noted. In contrast, only insignificant differences between mean numbers of free cercariae were found.

The proportion of liver excised in Algerian abattoirs is not a good indicator of Fasciola hepatica infections in local cattle breeds.

Clinical and serological investigations on 175 cattle were carried out in 1999 at the slaughterhouse of Jijel, northeastern Algeria, to verify if partial ablation of a liver infected with Fasciola hepatica represents a good epidemiological indicator in the case of fasciolosis, as partial excision of the liver is widespread throughout North African countries. This study was also performed to determine if there is a direct relationship between the quantity of liver confiscated for fasciolosis and the serological response of slaughtered animals. A significant relationship between highly infected livers and positive serological titres was noted.