Delivering Guideline-Concordant Care for Patients With High-Risk HPV and Normal Cytologic Findings.

Importance: As US health care systems shift to human papillomavirus (HPV)-based cervical cancer screening, more patients are receiving positive high-risk non-16/18 genotype HPV results and negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy (NILM) cytological findings. Risk-based management guidelines recommend 2 consecutive negative annual results to return to routine screening.

Objective: To quantify patterns of surveillance testing and associated outcomes for patients after an HPV-positive results and NILM cytologic findings.

Cervical cancer screening rates in females living with HIV at three healthcare settings in the United States, 2010-2019.

Purpose: Females living with human immunodeficiency virus (FLWHIV) are at increased risk of cervical cancer and U.S. guidelines, first published in 2009 and updated since then, recommend more frequent screening in this population.

Exploring adolescent contraceptive counseling: A hypothetical daughter scenario.

Objectives: We aimed to describe contraceptive methods used by clinicians who counsel adolescents to create an aggregate perspective which could be shared with patients. We also explored which method clinicians would recommend to a hypothetical daughter to identify associations between clinicians who had used long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) and potential recommendations.

Methods: An online survey was sent to pediatric and adolescent gynecology academic societies and fellowship/division directors to share with their clinicians.

Association Between Clinician Confidence and Making Guideline-Recommended Decisions in the Management of Abnormal Cervical Cancer Screening Results.

Background: Guidelines for managing abnormal cervical cancer screening results are complex and adherence is challenging for clinicians. Previous studies have identified gaps in knowledge as a possible cause; few have explored the confidence clinicians have in their management decisions. Confidence in decision-making may influence management practices, particularly when guidelines are complex and evolving.

Clinician-perceived barriers to cervical cancer screening before and during the COVID-19 pandemic at three US healthcare systems.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic posed serious challenges to cancer screening delivery, including cervical cancer. While the impact of the pandemic on deferred screening has been documented, less is known about how clinicians experienced barriers to screening delivery, and, in particular, the role of pre-pandemic barriers to changes reported during the pandemic.

Methods: Survey of clinicians who performed ≥ 10 cervical cancer screening tests in 2019 from Mass General Brigham, Kaiser Permanente Washington, and Parkland Health, the healthcare systems participating in the Population-based Research to Optimize the Screening Process (PROSPR II) consortium (administered 10/2020-12/2020, response rate 53.

Confidence in adolescent contraceptive counseling among residents and fellows training at the University of Texas Southwestern in Dallas, Texas.

Objectives: Evaluate trainees' perceptions of past training and confidence in counseling about five contraceptive methods.

Study Design: Trainees completed an online survey in 2020. Logistic regressions evaluated the relationship between participant characteristics and confidence.

Assessing Management of Abnormal Cervical Cancer Screening Results and Concordance with Guideline Recommendations in Three US Healthcare Settings.

Background: Follow-up of abnormal results is essential to cervical cancer screening, but data on adherence to follow-up are limited. We describe patterns of follow-up after screening abnormalities and identify predictors of guideline-concordant follow-up.

Methods: We identified the index screening abnormality (positive human papillomavirus test or atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance or more severe cytology) among women of ages 25 to 65 years at three US healthcare systems during 2010 to 2019.

Characteristics of Clinicians Caring for Transgender Men and Nonbinary Individuals and Guideline Concordance of Clinicians' Cervical Cancer Screening Counseling for Cisgender Individuals Versus Transgender Men and Nonbinary Individuals with a Cervix.

We examined characteristics of clinicians caring for transgender men and nonbinary (TMNB) individuals and guideline concordance of clinicians' cervical cancer screening recommendations. Using a survey of clinicians who performed ≥10 cervical cancer screenings in 2019, we studied characteristics of clinicians who do versus do not report caring for TMNB individuals and guideline concordance of screening recommendations for TMNB individuals with a cervix versus cisgender women. In our sample ( = 492), 49.

Strategies to Increase Cervical Cancer Screening With Mailed Human Papillomavirus Self-Sampling Kits: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Optimal strategies for increasing cervical cancer screening may differ by patient screening history and health care setting. Mailing human papillomavirus (HPV) self-sampling kits to individuals who are overdue for screening increases adherence; however, offering self-sampling kits to screening-adherent individuals has not been evaluated in the US.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of direct-mail and opt-in approaches for offering HPV self-sampling kits to individuals by cervical cancer screening history (screening-adherent and currently due, overdue, or unknown).

Disparities in Gynecologic Cancers.

Gynecologic cancer disparities have different trends by cancer type and by sociodemographic/economic factors. We highlight disparities in the United States arising due to poor delivery of cancer care across the continuum from primary prevention, detection, and diagnosis through treatment and identify opportunities to eliminate/reduce disparities to achieve cancer health equity. Our review documents the persistent racial and ethnic disparities in cervical, ovarian, and uterine cancer outcomes, with Black patients experiencing the worst outcomes, and notes literature investigating social determinants of health, particularly access to care.

Data gaps and opportunities for modeling cancer health equity.

Population models of cancer reflect the overall US population by drawing on numerous existing data resources for parameter inputs and calibration targets. Models require data inputs that are appropriately representative, collected in a harmonized manner, have minimal missing or inaccurate values, and reflect adequate sample sizes. Data resource priorities for population modeling to support cancer health equity include increasing the availability of data that 1) arise from uninsured and underinsured individuals and those traditionally not included in health-care delivery studies, 2) reflect relevant exposures for groups historically and intentionally excluded across the full cancer control continuum, 3) disaggregate categories (race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, gender, sexual orientation, etc.

Community Outreach and Engagement at U.S. Cancer Centers: Notes from the Third Cancer Center Community Impact Forum.

Community outreach and engagement (COE) is a fundamental activity of cancer centers as they aim to reduce cancer disparities in their geographic catchment areas. As part of COE, NCI-Designated Cancer Centers must monitor the burden of cancer in their catchment area, implement and evaluate evidence-based strategies, stimulate catchment area relevant research, support clinical trial enrollment, and participate in policy and advocacy initiatives, in addition to other responsibilities. The Cancer Center Community Impact Forum (CCCIF) is a national annual meeting of COE professionals who work at or with cancer centers across the country.

Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 and longitudinal antibody levels in a community-based cohort.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection invokes variable immune responses and poses a risk of post-acute sequelae SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) symptoms; however, most data on natural history are derived from patients with severe infection. Further data are needed among patients with mild infection, who comprise most cases.

Methods: The Dallas Fort-Worth (DFW) COVID-19 Prevalence Study included 21,597 community-dwelling adults (ages 18-89) who underwent COVID-19 PCR and anti-nucleocapsid antibody testing between July 2020 and March 2021.

Impact of different financial incentive structures on a web-based health survey: do timing and amount matter?

Aim: Financial incentives improve response to electronic health surveys, yet little is known about how unconditional incentives (guaranteed regardless of survey completion), conditional incentives, and various combinations of incentives influence response rates. We compared electronic health survey completion with two different financial incentive structures.

Methods: We invited women aged 30-64 years enrolled in a U.

Timing of Colposcopy and Risk of Cervical Cancer.

Objective: To quantify the association between time to colposcopy and risk of subsequent cervical cancer.

Methods: A longitudinal analysis of patients aged 21-79 years with an abnormal cervical cancer test result from health care systems in Texas, Massachusetts, and Washington was performed. The outcome was a cervical cancer diagnosis 12 months or more after the abnormal result.

Financial Burden of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Screening in Patients With Cirrhosis.

Background: The overall value of hepatocellular carcinoma screening is defined by the balance of benefits and harms. Studies have only reported physical harms with none describing financial harms.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter pragmatic randomized clinical trial of hepatocellular carcinoma screening outreach among 2872 patients with cirrhosis from March 2018 to April 2021.

U.S. Vietnamese parents' trusted sources of information and preferences for intervention messaging about HPV vaccination: A mixed methods study.

Objective: Assess trusted sources of information, perceived message effectiveness, and preferred dissemination strategies regarding adolescent HPV vaccination among U.S. Vietnamese parents.

Hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance may be associated with potential psychological harms in patients with cirrhosis.

Background And Aims: The value of HCC surveillance is determined by the balance between benefits and harms; however, no studies have enumerated psychological harms.

Approach And Results: We fielded surveys measuring psychological harms to patients with cirrhosis in a multicenter randomized trial of HCC surveillance outreach. All patients with positive or indeterminate surveillance results and matched patients with negative results were invited to complete surveys measuring (1) depression through the Patient Health Questionnaire-ninth version, (2) anxiety through State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, (3) HCC-specific worry through Psychological Consequences Questionnaire, and (4) decisional regret.

Factors associated with shorter-interval cervical cancer screening for young women in three United States healthcare systems.

Frequently changing cervical cancer screening guidelines over the past two decades have been inconsistently adopted in the United States. Current guidelines set the recommended screening interval to three years for average-risk women aged 21-29 years. Few studies have evaluated how patient and provider factors are associated with implementation of cervical cancer screening intervals among younger women.

Surviving the COVID-19 pandemic: navigating the recovery of breast imaging services in a safety-net hospital.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of COVID-19 on county safety-net breast imaging services and describe the steps taken to actively manage and mitigate delays.

Methods: This was an IRB exempt retrospective review of our county safety-net breast imaging practice analyzed for 4 distinct time periods: (1) "Shut-down period": March 17, 2020 to May 17, 2020; (2) "Phased re-opening": May 18, 2020 to June 30, 2020; (3) "Ramp-up": July 1, 2020 to September 30, 2020; and (4) "Current state": October 1, 2020 to September 30, 2021. These time periods were compared to identical time periods 1 year prior.

Characteristics of parents who think intrauterine devices or contraceptive implants are "best" for their daughter: An exploratory analysis in Dallas, Texas.

Objective: To explore characteristics of parents who prefer an intrauterine device (IUD) or implant compared to all other contraceptive methods.

Study Design: Parents with an adolescent daughter completed a cross-sectional survey. The outcome evaluated the parent's perceived "best" contraceptive method for their daughter using bivariate statistics and multivariable modeling.

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Cervical Cancer Screening From Three U.S. Healthcare Settings.

Introduction: This study sought to characterize racial and ethnic disparities in cervical cancer screening and follow-up of abnormal findings across 3 U.S. healthcare settings.

Measurement of Perceived Risk of Developing Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Literature Review.

Background: This systematic review describes approaches to measuring perceived risk of developing type 2 diabetes among individuals without diagnoses and describes the use of theories, models, and frameworks in studies assessing perceived risk. While a systematic review has synthesized perceived risk of complications among individuals with diabetes, no reviews have systematically assessed how perceived risk is measured among those without a diagnosis.

Methods: Medline, PubMed, PsycINFO, and CINAHAL databases were searched for studies conducted through October 2022 with measures of perceived risk among adults ≥ 18 years without a diabetes diagnosis.

Supportive Care Needs Among Head and Neck Cancer Patients Prior to Oncologic Treatment: A Prospective, Nested Cross-Sectional Qualitative Analysis.

Objectives: To qualitatively characterize pretreatment head and neck cancer (HNC) patients' supportive care (SC) needs, attitudes toward SC, and barriers to SC utilization.

Materials And Methods: A prospective, nested, bi-institutional, cross-sectional pilot study design was employed. Participants were sub-selected from a representative sample of 50 patients newly diagnosed with mucosal or salivary gland HNC or sarcoma of the head and neck.