Xanthogranulomatous Oophoritis Presenting as an Adnexal Mass and Bowel Obstruction. A Case Report.

Background: Xanthogranulomatous inflammation of the female genital tract is a rare entity. When the gynecological organs are affected, it is particularly unusual for xanthogranulomataus inflammation to involve only the ovary.

Case: A 45-year-old woman with an intrauterine device, long-term exposure to nicotine, and hyperlipidemia presented with an adnexal mass and bowel obstruction.

Posterosuperior glenoid internal impingement of the shoulder in the overhead athlete: pathogenesis, clinical features and MR imaging findings.

Posterosuperior glenoid internal impingement (PGII) is an impingement syndrome of the shoulder that is most commonly seen in the throwing or overhead athlete. The supraspinatus can be normally compressed or impinged between the greater tuberosity and the posterosuperior labrum in the abduction and external rotation position. However, repetitive throwing and biomechanical abnormalities may lead to the intensification of this contact and to the clinical and pathological picture of PGII.

Gastroduodenal ulcers on CT: forgotten, but not gone.

Objective: To estimate the incidence of missed gastroduodenal ulcers on routine abdominal computed tomography (CT) and identify findings and methods to improve sensitivity of CT interpretation for peptic ulcers.

Materials And Methods: This is a retrospective chart and imaging review. Two blinded readers independently reviewed CTs performed within 7 days prior to endoscopy of 114 subjects; this included 57 consecutive subjects with proven gastroduodenal ulcers intermixed with 57 subjects with endoscopically normal examinations.

Characterizing solid renal neoplasms with MRI in adults.

Until recently, most solid renal neoplasms without macroscopic fat were presumed to represent renal cell carcinoma and were indiscriminately treated with nephrectomy. Expanding surgical options and ablative technologies, a growing acceptance of renal mass biopsy, the advent of targeted molecular agents, and advances in our understanding of tumor biology have challenged the wisdom of this approach and are ushering in a potential new era in which therapy is linked to histologic subtype and cytogenetics. This approach mandates evolution of our diagnostic algorithm beyond the distinction between solid and cystic and enhancing and nonenhancing.

Are extra-labral MR findings useful in the diagnosis of a labral tear?

Objective: To determine diagnostic performance statistics of extra-labral magnetic resonance (MR) findings for detection of labral tears in a population of patients with clinical suspicion of this diagnosis.

Materials And Methods: Seventy-nine patients clinically suspected of having a labral tear (who underwent arthroscopy) had their MR studies retrospectively reviewed to determine the presence of lateral acetabular oedema-like marrow signal, ganglia, dysplastic femoral bumps, synovial herniation pits and geodes. These findings were then correlated with the arthroscopic presence (or absence) of a labral tear.

Muscle injury of the chest wall and upper extremity.

Most muscle trauma more commonly involves the lower extremity, but injury to the chest wall, particularly the pectoralis major, is well recognized. Trauma to the upper limb muscle-tendon unit is preserved. Development of complications from muscle injury is also discussed.

Prevalence and location of acetabular sublabral sulci at hip arthroscopy with retrospective MRI review.

Objective: The objective of this prospective study was to determine the prevalence and location of acetabular sublabral sulci diagnosed as variants at hip arthroscopy and to provide a retrospective MRI review.

Subjects And Methods: Two experienced hip arthroscopists noted the prevalence and location of acetabular labral sulci in 121 patients. The study population consisted of 57 males and 64 females with an average age of 43 years (range, 16-70 years).

MR imaging of post-traumatic articular cartilage injuries confined to the femoral trochlea. Arthroscopic correlation and clinical significance.

Objective: To assess and describe post-traumatic articular cartilage injuries isolated to the trochlear groove and provide insight into potential mechanism of injury.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated MR imaging findings of all knee MRIs performed at our institution over the last 2 years (2450). Thirty patients met the criteria of a cartilage injury confined to the trochlear groove.

Use of the modified three-point Dixon technique in obtaining T1-weighted contrast-enhanced fat-saturated images on an open magnet.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the modified three-point Dixon technique as a method for obtaining fat-saturated T1-weighted sequences before and after intravenous gadolinium administration using an open MR imaging scanner. A preliminary experiment using an oil/gadolinium phantom was performed on a 0.35-T open magnet and an advanced 1.

Shoulder imaging in athletes.

Shoulder pain and injuries are common in athletes. Overhead athletes, in particular, place great demands on the shoulder and supporting structures. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is well suited to evaluation of the osseous structures and soft tissues of the shoulder and plays an important role in evaluation of shoulder pain in athletes.

Whole-Organ Magnetic Resonance Imaging Score (WORMS) of the knee in osteoarthritis.

Objectives: To describe a semi-quantitative scoring method for multi-feature, whole-organ evaluation of the knee in osteoarthritis (OA) based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. To determine the inter-observer agreement of this scoring method. To examine associations among the features included in the scoring method.

Impingement syndrome of the ankle following supination external rotation trauma: MR imaging findings with arthroscopic correlation.

Our objective was to identify MR imaging findings in patients with syndesmotic soft tissue impingement of the ankle and to investigate the reliability of these imaging characteristics to predict syndesmotic soft tissue impingement syndromes of the ankle. Twenty-one ankles with chronic pain ultimately proven to have anterior soft tissue impingement syndrome were examined by MR imaging during January 1996 to June 2001. The MR imaging protocol included sagittal and coronal short tau inversion recovery (STIR), sagittal T1-weighted spin echo, axial and coronal proton-density, and T2-weighted spin-echo sequences.

Perthes lesion (a variant of the Bankart lesion): MR imaging and MR arthrographic findings with surgical correlation.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of MR imaging in the characterization of the Perthes lesion by correlating MR findings with findings at arthroscopy.

Conclusion: The use of a combination of axial and abduction-external rotation position sequences on MR images can be helpful in the diagnosis of a Perthes lesion. A fluid-filled joint with capsular distension, caused by either a large amount of effusion or MR arthrography, was found to be helpful in outlining Perthes lesions.

The optimization of scan timing for contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography.

Objective: To determine the optimal scan timing for contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography and to evaluate a new timing method based on the arteriovenous circulation time.

Materials And Methods: Eighty-nine contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiographic examinations were performed mainly in the extremities. A 1.

Three-point Dixon chemical-shift imaging for evaluating articular cartilage defects in the knee joint on a low-field-strength open magnet.

Objective: The purpose of our study was to assess the value of a modified three-point Dixon MR technique for evaluating articular cartilage defects in the knee joint on a low-field-strength open magnet, correlated with arthroscopy.

Subjects And Methods: Twenty consecutive patients who underwent both MR imaging and arthroscopy of the knee joint for suspected internal derangement were examined. A modified three-point Dixon MR sequence with a single radiofrequency echo single-scan method for water and fat separation with correction of the static field inhomogeneities was performed on a 0.

Mucoid degeneration of the anterior cruciate ligament mistaken for ligamentous tears.

Objective: To describe the MR features of mucoid degeneration of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in a series of patients with MRI findings that were mistaken for tears in the majority of cases but who were found to have an intact ligament at arthroscopy. We will suggest a pathologic entity corresponding to this finding and describe some characteristic features that can be used to identify this entity on MRI.

Design: A retrospective analysis of 10 MRI examinations of the knee was performed after arthroscopic evaluation.

Optimizing of gadolinium-enhanced MR angiography by manipulation of acquisition and scan delay times.

An optimized protocol for achieving high-quality contrast-enhanced MR angiography (CE MRA) was designed and evaluated. Time-intensity curves of the test bolus and main bolus were compared in 11 volunteers. To identify the acquisition zone sensitive to venous overprojection, sequential filling phantoms which consisted of 12 test tubes were developed and scanned.

MR appearances of the locked knee.

This review illustrates the MR appearances of commonly encountered problems that can present as a "locked knee", as well as several unusual causes. Internal derangement of menisci, particularly bucket handle tears, predominate. Loose bodies as a result of trauma/degeneration and lesions such as cysts of the cruciate ligaments and focal pigmented villonodular synovitis are also illustrated.

Reactive synovitis of the knee joint: MR imaging appearance with arthroscopic correlation.

Objective: To evaluate the use of routine MR imaging sequences in detecting and characterizing secondary reactive synovitis of the knee joint using arthroscopy as the standard of reference.

Design And Patients: Fifty consecutive patients with a history of knee pain who were referred for MR imaging and subsequently underwent arthroscopy of the knee comprised the study group. MR images were evaluated for the presence and appearance of synovitis reflected in synovial thickening and irregularity.

MR imaging of overuse injuries of the Achilles tendon.

Objective: This study was conducted to illustrate and classify the abnormalities found on high-resolution MR imaging of symptomatic Achilles tendons in athletic adult patients.

Subjects And Methods: One hundred patients with 118 painful Achilles tendons were imaged with a 1.5-T magnet.