MSC secretome from amniotic fluid halts IL-1β and TNF-α inflammation via the ERK/MAPK pathway, promoting cartilage regeneration in OA in vitro.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease that causes chronic pain and disability worldwide. This disease is mainly caused by IL-1β and TNF-α, which lead to cartilage degradation and inhibit the repair capacity of damaged cartilage. Recent studies have shown that amniotic fluid mesenchymal stem cells (AF-MSCs) secrete proteins that can effectively help in the treatment of cartilage damaged by OA.

Transcriptomic screening of novel targets of sericin in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Sericin, a natural protein derived from Bombyx mori, is known to ameliorate liver tissue damage; however, its molecular mechanism remains unclear. Herein, we aimed to identify the possible novel targets of sericin in hepatocytes and related cellular pathways. RNA sequencing analysis indicated that a low dose of sericin resulted in 18 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) being upregulated and 68 DEGs being downregulated, while 61 DEGs were upregulated and 265 DEGs were downregulated in response to a high dose of sericin (FDR ≤ 0.

Sericin enhances ammonia detoxification by promotes urea cycle enzyme genes and activates hepatic autophagy in relation to CARD-9/MAPK pathway.

Urea cycle is an important metabolic process that initiates in liver mitochondria and converts ammonia to urea. The impairment of ammonia detoxification, both primary and secondary causes, lead to hyperammonemia, a life-threatening condition affecting to the brain. Current treatments are not enough effective.

Sericin-Based Poly(Vinyl) Alcohol Relieves Plaque and Epidermal Lesions in Psoriasis; a Chance for Dressing Development in a Specific Area.

The noncontagious immune-mediated skin disease known as psoriasis is regarded as a chronic skin condition with a 0.09-11.4% global prevalence.

Expression Pattern of Genes in Condyloma Acuminata Treated with Lindau Cream versus Podophyllin.

Lindua (), a strong antiviral traditional medicine, can be used to treat condyloma acuminata (CA) caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). However, its molecular mechanism for CA elimination is unknown. Herein, we conducted a randomized clinical trial to evaluate the effectiveness of and its molecular mechanism compared with podophyllin, the gold standard treatment.

A combination extract of kaffir lime, galangal, and lemongrass maintains blood lipid profiles, hepatocytes, and liver mitochondria in rats with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.

Kaffir lime leaves and the rhizomes of galangal and lemongrass are the main ingredients in several Thai foods with desirable medicinal effects. Based on their beneficial activities, this study aimed to indicate the chemical properties and in vivo efficacy of a combination of the herbs at a 1:2:1 ratio in a water extract form. Its volatile constituents were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometer, which mainly consists of eucalyptol, citronellal, and citral.

Regulatory effect of Phikud Navakot extract on HMG-CoA reductase and LDL-R: potential and alternate agents for lowering blood cholesterol.

Background: For decades, various cardiovascular symptoms have been relieved by the use of Ya-Hom Navakot, which is a formulation comprising 54 herbal medicines. The Thailand Ministry of Public Health listed Ya-Hom Navakot's nine active principle and nomenclative herbal ingredients and termed them 'Phikud Navakot' (PN). Several reports have confirmed that PN has cardiovascular benefits similar to Ya-Hom Navakot.

Omeprazole preserves the RER in chief cells and enhances re-epithelialization of parietal cells with SOD and AQP-4 up-regulation in ethanol-induced gastritis rats.

Gastric mucosal cells, particularly parietal and chief cells, are usually affected by exogenous, and endogenous stimuli-induced gastritis. The integrity of these cells and their alterations are involved in the pathogenesis of numerous gastric disorders. Omeprazole, a gastric acid secretion blocker, is commonly used for gastrointestinal diseases due to its antioxidative stress and anti-inflammatory properties.

Carcinogenicity, efficiency and biosafety analysis in xeno-free human amniotic stem cells for regenerative medical therapies.

Background Aims: Human amniotic mesenchymal stromal cells (hAMSCs) are a potent and attractive stem cell source for use in regenerative medicine. However, the safe uses of therapeutic-grade MSCs are equally as important as the efficiency of MSCs. To provide efficient, clinic-compliant (safe for therapeutic use) MSCs, hAMSC lines that completely eliminate the use of animal products and have been characterized for carcinogenicity and biosafety are required.

The study on telomere length for age estimation in a Thai population.

Age is one of the key parameters in establishing a physical characteristic profile of an individual. For biological evidence left in crime scenes such as blood, saliva, hair, etc, the evidence owner's age can be determined only by DNA extracted from these materials. Previous researches have found that there are certain DNA regions with specialized characteristic and function called telomere being able to predict age.

A xeno-free culture method that enhances Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stromal cell culture efficiency over traditional animal serum-supplemented cultures.

Background Aims: Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) transplantation holds great promise for use in medical therapies. Several key features of MSCs, including efficient cell growth, generation of sufficient cell numbers and safety, as determined by teratoma formation, make MSCs an ideal candidate for clinical use. However, MSCs derived under standard culture conditions, co-cultured with animal by-products, are inappropriate for therapy because of the risks of graft rejection and animal virus transmission to humans.

Epigenetic analysis and suitability of amniotic fluid stem cells for research and therapeutic purposes.

Amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSs) are interesting mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that are characterized by their great potential for cell proliferation and differentiation compared with other types of MSCs identified to date. However, MSCs in prolonged culture have been found to exhibit defects in genetic stability and differentiation capacity. Epigenetic anomalies have been hypothesized to be a cause of these defects.

Determination of the Apo E genotype using LightCycler Apo E mutation detection kit.

Apolipoprotein E (Apo E) is found to be genetically polymorphic. There are 3 common alleles designated as E2, E3 and E4. Polymorphism of the Apo E DNA is associated with the risk increase of many diseases such as dyslipidemia, cardiovascular diseases, Alzheimer's diseases, etc.

Analysis of polymorphisms in the 5'-flanking region of the apolipoprotein(a) [Apo(a)] gene in Thai subjects with coronary artery diseases.

Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a complex lipoprotein particle in human plasma. It is composed of apolipoprotein B (Apo B)-100 and apolipoprotein(a) which are linked by a disulfide bond. Plasma levels of the Lp(a) vary greatly (over 1,000 folds) among individuals.

Effect of different Thai traditional processing of various hot chili peppers on urethane-induced somatic mutation and recombination in Drosophila melanogaster: assessment of the role of glutathione transferase activity.

Four different Thai traditional chili peppers, namely bird pepper (Capsicum frutescens), red chili spur peppers (Capsicum annuum), green bell peppers and sweet pepper (C. annuum) were investigated for their antimutagenic properties. Each chili was prepared in three formulations commonly used for chili food processing; raw paste (chili ground in water), pickled in vinegar or stir-fried in palm oil.

Analysis of polymorphism of the interleukin-6 gene in Thai subjects with osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis is the imbalance between bone formation by osteoblast and bone resorption by osteoclast. The genetic factors play an important role in determining bone mass and several genes probably act as regulators of this process. Interkeukin-6 (IL-6) is one of the candidate genes to regulate bone density, since IL-6 has some effect on stimulation of osteoclast resorption and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of bone loss associated with estrogen deficiency.

Screening for a D9N common mutation in exon 2 of the LPL gene in Thai normolipidemic and hyperlipidemic subjects.

Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is a multifunctional protein, playing a major role in the hydrolysis of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. It also affects the maturation of high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL). A D9N substitution is a frequent mutation found in exon 2 of the LPL gene.

Polymorphism of the gene encoding lipoprotein lipase in thai primary hyperlipoproteinemias.

Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) plays a central role in the clearance of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and chylomicrons from the circulation. It also affects the maturation of high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL). LPL is an important candidate gene in determining the risk factor in metabolic disorders including primary hyperlipidemia.

Heterogeneity in patterns of malarial oocyst infections in the mosquito vector.

Oocyst prevalence and intensity have been recorded in 349 laboratory infections of Anopheles stephensi with Plasmodium berghei. Intensity and prevalence of infection are shown to be predictably related. The structure and heterogeneity in the infections has been analysed with the objective of describing the biological mechanisms by which the observed negative binomial oocyst distributions are generated.

Analysis of immunity induced by the affinity-purified 21-kilodalton zygote-ookinete surface antigen of Plasmodium berghei.

By using affinity-purified ookinete surface antigen from the rodent malaria parasite Plasmodium berghei, a transmission-blocking immunity was induced in mice. Groups of mice were immunized via different routes, with total quantities of antigen ranging from 0.5 to 40 micrograms (with or without Freund adjuvant).

Three non-repeated transmission blocking epitopes recognized in the 21 kD surface antigen of zygotes-ookinetes of Plasmodium berghei.

Two-site and competitive ELISA have been developed against a surface antigen of zygotes-ookinetes of Plasmodium berghei using monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) which block transmission of the parasite to the mosquito. Three such MoAbs have been studied, each of which recognized a protein of an Mr 21 kD (Pbs21) using immunoblot techniques. The assays showed that there are at least 3 single B-cell epitopes expressed in Pbs21.

Ookinete antigens of Plasmodium berghei. Appearance on the zygote surface of an Mr 21 kD determinant identified by transmission-blocking monoclonal antibodies.

Zygotes and ookinetes of the rodent malaria Plasmodium berghei can be enriched 50-fold, from whole blood cultures by ammonium chloride lysis. Three monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) raised against such enriched preparations specifically bind to a determinant of Mr 21 kD as assessed by 125I-labelled goat anti-mouse IgG probed immunoblots of Western transfers of SDS-PAGE gels. Indirect immunofluorescence indicates that the 21 kD determinant bound by specific MoAbs, whilst not detectable on gametocytes or gametes, appears on the parasite surface within 2 h of exflagellation/fertilization and increases thereafter.

Differentiation of Plasmodium falciparum clones by means of a repetitive DNA probe.

A recombinant DNA probe, pBRK1-14, was constructed by inserting a repetitive DNA fragment of 753 base pairs obtained from Plasmodium falciparum, isolate K1, into the EcoRI/PstI cloning sites of pBR322. This probe could discriminate between different parasite clones derived from a single isolate by hybridization with Southern genomic blots.

Ookinete antigens of Plasmodium berghei: a light and electron-microscope immunogold study of expression of the 21 kDa determinant recognized by a transmission-blocking antibody.

The expression of a 21 kDa transmission-blocking determinant on the malarial parasite Plasmodium berghei was studied by using the immunogold method at the light, scanning-electron and transmission-electron microscope levels. The determinant was shown to be expressed exclusively on the macrogamete and its immediate progeny the zygote, ookinete and oocyst. It is first detected on the plasmalemma two hours after the escape of the parasite from the red blood cell, reaches a maximal density on the young ookinete some ten hours later, and is still found on the oocyst after six days.