Exploring the determinants of malnutrition in 2-5 year Iranian children using structural equation modeling: national food and nutrition surveillance.

Background: Childhood malnutrition remains a critical public health challenge in low- and middle-income countries, contributing significantly to morbidity and mortality among children aged 2-5 years. This study was undertaken to assess the nutritional status of 2-5 y children and to explore the main determinants of child malnutrition in eight food insecure provinces of Iran.

Methods: In each province, participants were invited to attend the health house/center to complete the questionnaire on the pre-appointed day.

Multifaceted determinants of micronutrient status in early childhood in Iran : National food and nutrition surveillance.

Purpose: This study examined the status and determinants of key micronutrients among 24-60 month children in underprivileged provinces of Iran, highlighting ongoing challenges despite intervention efforts.

Methods: This study analyzed data from the National Food and Nutrition Surveillance program. A multistage cluster sampling method was used, recruiting 280 children per province from Khuzestan, Kerman, Ilam, Bushehr, Hormozgan, Kohgiluyeh va Boyerahmad, Sistan va Baluchestan and South Khorasan.

Dietary changes during the COVID-19 lockdown in Iranian households: are we witnessing a secular trend? A narrative review.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic, which emerged in late 2019, influenced nearly all aspects of human life, including food choices and dietary habits.

Methodology: A web-based search was conducted from March to April 2024 in MEDLINE/PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for published reports of large-scale surveys of dietary changes during or shortly after the coronavirus pandemic lockdown in Iran. The keywords used were coronavirus OR COVID-19, diet OR nutrition, household, and Iran.

Added γ-oryzanol boosted anti-inflammatory effects of canola oil in adult subjects with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled clinical trial.

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the effects of daily intake of γ-oryzanol (ORZ)-fortified canola oil, as compared with plain canola and sunflower oils, on certain inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in adult subjects with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D).

Methods: We randomly allocated 92 adult subjects with T2D from both sexes to one of the following groups to receive: (a) ORZ-fortified canola oil (ORZO; n = 30); (b) unfortified canola oil (CANO; n = 32); or (c) sunflower oil (SUFO; n = 30) for 12 weeks. Dietary and laboratory evaluations were performed initially and finally.

Dietary Supplement Use among Iranian Households during COVID-19 Epidemic Lockdown: Less Access in Those Who May Need More National Food and Nutrition Surveillance.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic elicited the general population to use various dietary supplements (DSs) and nutraceuticals as a protective means against the disease. The present study aimed to evaluate changes and certain determinants of DS intake during the COVID-19 lockdown among Iranian households.

Methods: This nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted from April 4 to April 25, 2020, during which Iran was in lockdown.

Daily consumption of γ-oryzanol-fortified canola oil, compared with unfortified canola and sunflower oils, resulted in a better improvement of certain cardiometabolic biomarkers of adult subjects with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled clinical trial.

Background: This study was undertaken to examine the effects of daily consumption of γ-oryzanol (ORZ)-fortified canola oil, as compared with plain canola and sunflower oils, on certain cardiometabolic indicators.

Methods: Ninety-two adult subjects from both sexes with T2D were randomly assigned to one of the three groups to receive: (a) ORZ-fortified canola oil (Group 1; n = 30); (b) unfortified canola oil (Group 2; n = 32); or (c) sunflower oil (Group 3; n = 30) for 12 weeks. The participants were instructed to use only the given oils for all cooking (but frying) purposes.

Why Patients Discard Their Food? A Qualitative Study in Iranian Hospitals.

Introduction: Food waste reflects inadequate food intake and is of economic and environmental importance. Therefore, understanding the underlying factors is a must to combat food waste.

Methods: A qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured interviews with managers, nurses, nutritionists, food providers, kitchen staff, and inpatients at three hospitals in Tehran.

An in-depth analysis of hospital food waste in terms of magnitude, nutritional value, and environmental and financial perspectives: A cross-sectional study.

Hospital food waste has nutritional, economic and environmental impacts, and halving food waste is a sustainable development goal. This study aimed to quantify hospital food waste and its nutritional, environmental and financial values in medical and surgical wards. In a cross-sectional study in three educational hospitals, nutritional and demographic data of adult inpatients were collected.

Prediction and analysis of trends in the nutritional status of children under 5 years in Iran: reanalysis of the results of national surveys conducted between 1998 and 2020.

Background And Aim: Malnutrition is a major public health problem, especially in developing countries. The aim of this study was to analyze the trend in malnutrition among children under 5 years of age in Iran over recent decades and to estimate malnutrition status for 2020.

Methods: This study took the form of a secondary analysis of the reports and data from three cross-sectional national surveys on children's nutritional status conducted between 1998 and 2017.

How effective are anthocyanins on healthy modification of cardiometabolic risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: In this meta-analysis, findings from recent studies on the preventive properties of anthocyanins (ACN) against cardiovascular disease are summarized.

Methods: MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar were searched and 2512 studies were found in a preliminary search. After screening of titles and abstracts, 47 studies met the inclusion criteria (randomized clinical trial design and sufficient data of outcomes).

Circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D is associated with metabolic phenotypes of obesity: National Food and Nutrition Surveillance.

Different phenotypes of obesity are each related with different complications and comorbidities. We hypothesized that suboptimal vitamin D status is directly associated with an unhealthy metabolic status, especially if allied with obesity. This cross-sectional study was performed in the framework of the National Food and Nutrition Surveillance.

Effects of vitamin D supplementation on depression and some selected pro-inflammatory biomarkers: a double-blind randomized clinical trial.

Background: Both augmented inflammatory reaction and low vitamin D status are associated with depression but the magnitude of their relationships is unclear. This study was, therefore, conducted to evaluate the effects of vitamin D supplementation on serum 25(OH)D concentration, depression severity and some pro-inflammatory biomarkers in patients with mild to moderate depression.

Methods: An 8-week double-blind randomized clinical trial (RCT) was performed on 56 (18-60 yrs) patients with mild to moderate depression, randomly assigned to intervention (50,000 IU cholecalciferol 2wks) and control (placebo) groups.

The effect of vitamin D supplementation on oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers in pregnant women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials.

Background: Vitamin D deficiency, a common problem among pregnant women, is linked with maternal inflammation, oxidative stress and consequent adverse pregnancy outcomes. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers in pregnant women according to the PRISMA guidance.

Methods: Four databases including PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane were used for searching papers published until 25 July 2022.

COVID-19 epidemic lockdown-induced remarkable decrease in dairy products consumption of Iran population: does it really matter? National Food and Nutrition Surveillance.

Background: The pandemic of the newly emerged coronavirus infection and its related disease, Covid-19, has influenced various aspects of human life including dietary habits. This study aimed to examine changes in dairy products consumption during Covid-19 lockdown period in a huge sample of Iranian households.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study using a web-based electronic self-administered questionnaire designed to detect any changes in the consumption frequency of dairy products in the Iranian households during Covid-19 lockdown.

Dietary diversity and its relationship with nutritional adequacy in 24 to 59 months old children in Iran: study protocol.

Background: Nutritional inadequacy, especially micronutrients, is still a serious concern among children in developing countries. Dietary diversity score (DDS) has been recommended as a proxy for nutritional adequacy. The present study aims to develop a questionnaire to assess the dietary diversity among 24-59 months children in Iran; also, the validity of the dietary diversity score as an indicator of nutritional status among the children will be assessed.

COVID-19 epidemic lockdown-induced changes of cereals and animal protein foods consumption of Iran population: the first nationwide survey.

Background: The COVID-19 epidemic has affected diverse issues of life including economy, health and nutrition. This nationwide study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the epidemic lockdown-induced socio-economic changes on animal source proteins and cereals intakes of Iran population for the first time.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study using a web-based electronic self-administered questionnaire.

Sun Exposure Makes no Discrimination based on Vitamin D Status and VDR-Foki Polymorphisms for Non-Melanoma Skin Cancers Risk in Iranian Subjects: A Case-Control Study.

Background And Objective: Sunlight exposure, the main source of endogenous vitamin D synthesis, may increase the risk of non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC) development. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms are associated with various malignancies. This study aimed to examine the associations between vitamin D status and VDR FokI polymorphisms in Iranian subjects with NMSC.

A comprehensive overview on the effects of green tea on anthropometric measures, blood pressure, glycemic and lipidemic status: An umbrella review and meta meta-analysis study.

Aim: The aim of this meta-review was to establish the effects of green tea (GT) intake on some cardiometabolic risk factors including anthropometric measures, blood pressure as well as blood glucose and lipids using evidence from previous systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

Data Synthesis: Articles were identified via searches in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, Web of Knowledge database from the index date of each database through January 31, 2021. A total of 13 meta-analyses were finally included in the synthesis.

The Analysis of Trends of Preschool Child Stunting, Wasting and Overweight in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: Still More Effort Needed to Reach Global Targets 2025.

Background: This study was undertaken to analyze and compare Eastern Mediterranean (EM) countries in achievement of WHO nutrition global targets for children growth indicators by 2025.

Methods: A total of 108 national surveys from 20 countries in EM region were analyzed to estimate the prevalence of stunting and wasting and 93 surveys to estimate the prevalence of overweight/obesity in children. These data were obtained from national surveys included in the WHO Global Database on Child Growth and Malnutrition.

Improvement of vitamin D status through consumption of either fortified food products or supplement pills increased hemoglobin concentration in adult subjects: Analysis of pooled data from two randomized clinical trials.

It is documented that vitamin D may have a role in erythropoiesis as its deficiency is accompanied by an increased risk of anemia. This study aimed to examine whether improvement of vitamin D status through daily consumption of either fortified foods or supplements could impinge on certain hematologic parameters in adults. We pooled data from our two separate clinical trials and made five experimental groups.

Changes in fast food intake in Iranian households during the lockdown period caused by COVID-19 virus emergency, National Food and Nutrition Surveillance.

Background: Fast foods, though very popular, are commonly known as unhealthy foods. However, coronavirus pandemic may have influenced on food choices of the general population. This study investigated the changes in fast food consumption during epidemic lockdown 2020.

Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components are Linked with Increased Risk of Non-Melanoma Skin Cancers in Iranian Subjects: A Case-Control Study.

The associations between components of metabolic syndrome (MetS), insulin resistance (IR), and several malignancies have been reported. However, the possible link between IR and dermal malignancies, including non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs), has not been investigated to date. In this study, we aimed to examine the possible association between components of MetS, IR, adhesion molecules, and NMSC for the first time.

Contribution of vitamin D status as a determinant of cardiometabolic risk factors: a structural equation model, National Food and Nutrition Surveillance.

Background: Structural equation modeling (SEM) is a method used to evaluate linear causal relationships among variables. This study aimed to investigate the direct and indirect effects of serum 25(OH) D on certain cardiovascular risk factors using SEM.

Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in six provinces of Iran.

How Much Does Serum 25(OH)D Improve by Vitamin D Supplement and Fortified Food in Children? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: This study was conducted to respond certain important questions regarding the efficacy of vitamin D fortification and supplementation in children using a meta-analytical approach.

Methods: MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar were searched, and 2341 studies were found in a preliminary search. After screening of titles and abstracts, 31 studies were selected.

The effect of daily intake of vitamin D-fortified yogurt drink, with and without added calcium, on serum adiponectin and sirtuins 1 and 6 in adult subjects with type 2 diabetes.

Background: Some evidence suggests indirect ameliorating effects of vitamin D in diabetes via adiponectin and sirtuins. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of daily intake of vitamin D-fortified yogurt drink, either with or without added calcium, on serum adiponectin, sirtuins (SIRT)1 and 6.

Methods: Briefly, 75 adults aged 30-60 years from both sexes with type 2 diabetes were randomly allocated to one of the three groups: (i) D-fortified-yogurt drink (DY; containing 1000 IU vitamin D and 300 mg calcium), (ii) Ca+D-fortified-yogurt drink (CDY; containing 1000 IU vitamin D and 500 mg calcium) and (iii) plain yogurt drink (PY; containing no detectable vitamin D and 300 mg calcium).