Transient global amnesia and focal diffusion weighted imaging lesions in mesiotemporal region: A ten-year experience.

Objective: To determine prevalence and characteristics of mesiotemporal diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) lesions in transient global amnesia (TGA), and to determine prevalence of "missed" DWI lesions on routine radiological reporting.

Methods: This is a retrospective study of patients with TGA admitted to a tertiary care hospital over ten years. Patients with TGA, who underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain within one week of index event, were included in this study.

Concurrent chemoradiation in locally advanced primary middle ear lymphoepithelial carcinoma: an effective treatment modality case report.

Background: Definitive treatment of primary middle ear lymphoepithelial carcinoma (LEC) is not well established owing to the rarity of this disease entity. We report a case of locally advanced primary middle ear LEC treated with concurrent chemoradiation, with good oncologic outcomes.

Case Presentation: A 46 year-old female of Cantonese (Southern Chinese) descent presented with a four-month history of left sided hearing loss and non-pulsatile tinnitus, associated with progressive ipsilateral facial weakness.

High Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) Imaging Findings of Oval Window Atresia with Surgical Correlation.

Introduction: Isolated oval window atresia (OWA) is a rare cause of congenital conductive middle ear deafness and may be overlooked owing to the normal appearance of the external ear. This anomaly has been previously described, although the published numbers with both imaging and surgical findings are few. Our aim is to correlate the imaging features of OWA with intraoperative findings.

Correction to: Magnetic resonance imaging features of the superior cervical ganglion and expected changes after radiation therapy to the head and neck in a long-term follow-up.

In the article "Magnetic resonance imaging features of the superior cervical ganglion and expected changes after radiation therapy to the head and neck in a long-term follow-up", one of the author names, K Chokkappan, was spelled incorrectly.

Imaging Features Differentiating Vestibular Ganglion from Intracanalicular Schwannoma on Single-Sequence Non-Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study.

Introduction: This study aimed to identify imaging features on single-sequence noncontrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that differentiate the vestibular ganglion from small intracanalicular schwannomas.

Materials And Methods: Ninety patients (42 men and 48 women; age: 24‒87 years old) with 102 internal auditory canal (IAC) nodules (59 vestibular ganglia and 43 intracanalicular schwannoma) who underwent both single-sequence T2-weighted (T2W) non-contrast enhanced MRI studies and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted (T1W) MRI studies between May 2012 and April 2017 were evaluated. The length, width, distance to the IAC fundus and length/width ratios for all lesions were obtained and compared among groups.

Magnetic resonance imaging features of the superior cervical ganglion and expected changes after radiation therapy to the head and neck in a long-term follow-up.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the magnetic resonance (MRI) features of the superior cervical ganglion (SCG) and to track changes to it induced using radiotherapy across a long-term follow-up.

Methods: In total, 75 patients who underwent radiotherapy for head and neck malignancies and who were studied with MRI were recruited from two centers. MRI was performed before and after radiotherapy, with a median long-term follow-up of 4.

Grisel's Syndrome in an Adult After Endoscopic Nasopharyngectomy.

Background: Grisel's syndrome is rare in adults, and is characterized by nontraumatic atlanto-axial subluxation secondary to infection. Here, we report a case of Grisel's syndrome occurring after endoscopic nasopharyngectomy.

Methods: A 67-year-old man complained of fever and neck pain with reduced lateral rotation after an endoscopic nasopharyngectomy for recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Atypical culture-negative skull base osteomyelitis masquerading as advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Skull base osteomyelitis typically arises as a complication of otogenic or sinonasal infections in immunocompromised patients. A much rarer entity, atypical skull base osteomyelitis is not associated with an obvious infective source. Atypical and culture-negative skull base osteomyelitis is even rarer and hampers diagnosis, as its clinical presentation is remarkably similar to skull base neoplasms.

Neuroendocrine adenoma of middle ear with new bone formation and review of literature.

Neuroendocrine adenoma of the middle ear has been described in literature as middle ear adenoma with neuroendocrine differentiation or carcinoid tumor. While there have been several case reports describing imaging features of carcinoid tumors of the ear and middle ear adenomas, in our literature review, we have not found a single case where bone formation is described as a prominent radiological feature. We report a first documented case of middle ear carcinoid tumor with new bone formation demonstrated on CT imaging and performed a review literature regarding the tumor.

Approach to intensely enhancing neck nodes.

Cervical node evaluation is one of the most common problems encountered by a radiologist. Here, we present a pictorial review of intensely enhancing neck nodes. While enhancement in a cervical node is a common radiologic finding on contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan, only few conditions cause intense enhancement in cervical nodes.

Imaging of facial nerve schwannomas: diagnostic pearls and potential pitfalls.

Schwannomas are uncommon in the facial nerve and account for less than 1% of tumors of temporal bone. They can involve one or more than one segment of the facial nerve. The clinical presentations and the imaging appearances of facial nerve schwannomas are influenced by the topographical anatomy of the facial nerve and vary according to the segment(s) they involve.

Progression of autoimmune inner ear disease to labyrinthitis ossificans: clinical and radiologic correlation.

We report the case of a 42-year-old man who presented with fluctuating bilateral sensorineural hearing loss that subsequently progressed to a complete hearing loss, and we describe the correlation between the clinical and radiologic features of this case. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to demonstrate imaging evidence of progression from autoimmune inner ear disease to labyrinthitis ossificans. This is also the first reported case of a reversal of a loss of labyrinthine CISS (constructive interference in a steady state) signal, suggesting that T2-weighted hyposignal may be attributable to an alteration in labyrinthine fluid content and not to fibrosis only.

Submental nodular fasciitis: report of an unusual case.

A 30-year-old woman presented for evaluation of a hard, enlarging, submental mass that was fixed to the underlying mandible. Fine-needle aspiration cytology initially led to a diagnosis of pleomorphic adenoma, which was unusual given the superficial location of the lesion on computed tomography. The lesion was a well-defined rim-enhancing mass, and it had displaced adjacent structures medially.

Evaluation of cholesteatoma: our experience with DW Propeller imaging.

Background: Cholesteatoma management includes early detection and surgical exploration. Due to its tendency to recur, it can be potentially locally aggressive. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and in particular diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), plays an important role in management of these lesions.

Pre-operative high resolution computed tomography scans for cholesteatoma: has anything changed?

Objective: CT temporal bone scans are often performed to aid in surgical planning and management of cholesteatomas. With improvements in the resolution of CT scans today, it is now possible to obtain more information from these scans than before. The aim of this study is to compare findings on high resolution CT (HRCT) temporal bone scans to intra-operative findings, so as to determine how well various middle ear structures are assessed by HRCT scanning.

Mucous retention cyst of temporal bone: a mimic of cholesteatoma on DW-MRI.

Non-EPI DW imaging is increasingly being used as a sensitive sequence in detecting cholesteatomas especially if CT findings are not confirmatory. Cholesteatoma appears as a hyperintense focus on DWI. We present two cases of mucous retention cysts in the mastoid temporal bone/middle ear cavity, which present as hyperintense on non-EPI DWI and potentially may mimic cholesteatomas.

Finding nemo: imaging findings, pitfalls, and complications of ingested fish bones in the alimentary canal.

In Asian cuisine, fish is often prepared whole with the bones. Accidental fish bone (FB) ingestion is not an infrequently encountered condition in the emergency department. An impacted FB in the alimentary canal can lead to potentially life-threatening complications.

Bilateral enlarged vestibular aqueduct with associated bilateral Mondini's dysplasia.

Enlarged Vestibular Aqueduct (EVA) and Mondini's dysplasia (incomplete partitioning type II) are entitites that have been fairly well described in the literature as potential causes of hearing loss in the young. However, it is uncommon for this condition to be detected bilaterally, especially so for both conditions to coexist bilaterally in the same patient. This is a brief description of a patient with the above bilateral condition with attached high resolution CT scan images of the temporal bone to illustrate the case.

CT and MRI evaluation of nerve sheath tumors of the cervical vagus nerve.

Objective: Nerve sheath tumors arising from the cervical vagus are rare. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of CT and MRI in the diagnosis of these uncommon neoplasms.

Materials And Methods: The CT and MR studies and clinical data of 11 patients with surgicopathologic evidence of a nerve sheath tumor of the cervical vagus (nine schwannomas [including two ancient schwannomas] and two neurofibromas) who had been referred to our institute from January 1999 through 2009 were retrospectively reviewed.

Traumatic perilymphatic fistula secondary to stapes luxation into the vestibule: a case report.

A penetrating ear injury with a perilymphatic fistula is not an uncommon occurrence in otolaryngologic practice, but stapes luxation is rare. We report the case of an 11-year-old boy who developed a traumatic perilymphatic fistula secondary to an atypical stapes luxation into the vestibule. After sustaining a penetrating injury to the right ear, the patient presented with otalgia, vertigo, vomiting, gait unsteadiness, and hearing loss.

Sudden deafness due to intralabyrinthine haemorrhage: a possible rare late complication of head and neck irradiation.

Introduction: Radiation injury resulting in sudden, late onset sensorineural hearing loss is a recognised complication in patients who have received head and neck irradiation. We describe the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the internal acoustic canal (IAC) of 3 such patients and postulate a cause for these findings.

Clinical Picture: A total of 63 patients were referred for MRI IAC for sudden-onset sensorineural hearing loss.

Basal cell adenomas of the parotid gland: CT scan features.

Basal cell adenoma (BCA) is a rare tumor of the parotid gland, and except for a few case reports, the imaging features of this pathological entity are not well described. We describe the computed tomography (CT) features of 14 cases of histologically proven BCA, the largest series to date. In all cases, the tumor appeared as a round or oval, sharply marginated mass.