Deciphering temporal gene expression dynamics in multiple coral species exposed to heat stress: Implications for predicting resilience.

Coral reefs are facing unprecedented threats due to global climate change, particularly elevated sea surface temperatures causing coral bleaching. Understanding coral responses at the molecular level is crucial for predicting their resilience and developing effective conservation strategies. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive gene expression analysis of four coral species to investigate their long-term molecular response to heat stress.

Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals deep molecular landscapes in stony coral clade.

Coral reefs, among the most invaluable ecosystems in the world, face escalating threats from climate change and anthropogenic activities. To decipher the genetic underpinnings of coral adaptation and resilience, we undertook comprehensive transcriptome profiling of two emblematic coral species, and , leveraging PacBio Iso-Seq technology. These species were strategically selected for their ecological significance and their taxonomic proximity within the Anthozoa class.

Utilizing an artificial intelligence system to build the digital structural proteome of reef-building corals.

Background: Reef-building corals play an important role in the marine ecosystem, and analyzing their proteomes from a structural perspective will exert positive effects on exploring their biology. Here we integrated mass spectrometry with newly published ColabFold to obtain digital structural proteomes of dominant reef-building corals.

Results: Of the 8,382 homologous proteins in Acropora muricata, Montipora foliosa, and Pocillopora verrucosa identified, 8,166 received predicted structures after about 4,060 GPU hours of computation.

Full-Length Transcriptome Maps of Reef-Building Coral Illuminate the Molecular Basis of Calcification, Symbiosis, and Circadian Genes.

Coral transcriptomic data largely rely on short-read sequencing, which severely limits the understanding of coral molecular mechanisms and leaves many important biological questions unresolved. Here, we sequence the full-length transcriptomes of four common and frequently dominant reef-building corals using the PacBio Sequel II platform. We obtain information on reported gene functions, structures, and expression profiles.

Symbiodiniaceae microRNAs and their targeting sites in coral holobionts: A transcriptomics-based exploration.

Corals should make excellent models for cross-kingdom research because of their natural animal-photobiont holobiont composition, yet a lack of studies and experimental data restricts their use. Here we integrate new full-length transcriptomes and small RNAs of four common reef-building corals with the published Cladocopium genomes to gain deeper insight into gene regulation in coral-Symbiodiniaceae holobionts. Eleven novel Symbiodiniaceae miRNAs get identified, and enrichment results of their target genes show that they might play a role in downregulating rejection from host coral cells, protecting symbiont from autophagy and apoptosis in parallel.

Full-Length Transcriptome Sequencing Reveals Tissue-Specific Gene Expression Profile of Mangrove Clam .

Mollusca is the second largest animal phylum and represents one of the most evolutionarily successful animal groups. , a species of Corbiculidae, plays an important role in mangrove ecology. It is highly adaptable and can withstand environmental pollution and microbial infections.

Full-Length Transcriptome Sequencing of the Scleractinian Coral Reveals the Gene Expression Profile of Coral-Zooxanthellae Holobiont.

Coral-zooxanthellae holobionts are one of the most productive ecosystems in the ocean. With global warming and ocean acidification, coral ecosystems are facing unprecedented challenges. To save the coral ecosystems, we need to understand the symbiosis of coral-zooxanthellae.

FEM: mining biological meaning from cell level in single-cell RNA sequencing data.

Background: One goal of expression data analysis is to discover the biological significance or function of genes that are differentially expressed. Gene Set Enrichment (GSE) analysis is one of the main tools for function mining that has been widely used. However, every gene expressed in a cell is valuable information for GSE for single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-SEQ) data and not should be discarded.

Exploring Nanotechnological Detection Background of Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs) in Coral .

Coral reefs are cornerstone of global marine ecosystems, providing shelter for over one third of marine organisms. Currently, along with global warming and increased human activities, large-scale decline of coral reefs has become a severe ecosystem problem, and now quantitative detection of heat shock protein (HSP) gene by nanotechnology has become a research hotspot in this field. However, is one of the most important dominant reef-building corals in Indo- Pacific region, encounter an urgent obstacle on the HSP detection research by nanoscience and nanotechnology for lack of sequence background.

On the origin of vertebrate body plan: Insights from the endoderm using the hourglass model.

The vertebrate body plan is thought to be derived during the early Cambrian from a worm-like chordate ancestor. While all three germ layers were clearly involved in this innovation, the role of the endoderm remains elusive. According to the hourglass model, the optimal window for investigating the evolution of vertebrate endoderm-derived structures during cephalochordate development is from the Spemann's organizer stage to the opening of the mouth (Stages 1-7, described herein).

The 3D Reconstruction of Pocillopora Colony Sheds Light on the Growth Pattern of This Reef-Building Coral.

Coral reefs are formed by living polyps, and understanding the dynamic processes behind the reefs is crucial for marine ecosystem restoration. However, these processes are still unclear because the growth and budding patterns of living polyps are poorly known. Here, we investigate the growth pattern of a widely distributed reef-building coral Pocillopora damicornis from Xisha Islands using high-resolution computed tomography.

Whole-Genome Resequencing of Twenty Individuals Provides a Brand-New Variant Dataset for .

As the extant representatives of the basal chordate lineage, amphioxi (including the genera , and ) play important roles in tracing the state of chordate ancestry. Previous studies have reported that members of the species have similar morphological phenotypic characteristics, but in contrast, there are high levels of genetic polymorphisms in the populations. Here, we resequenced 20 genomes to an average depth of approximately 12.

Inhibitory effects of Schisandrin B on human prostate cancer cells.

Prostate cancer is a serious affliction worldwide. Although much progress has been made in the study of prostate cancer prevention and treatment, less attention has been paid to the molecular mechanism of the disease. The molecular arrangement by which Schisandrin B (Sch B) induces human prostate cancer cytotoxicity was comprehensively examined in the present study.

Phagocytic intracellular digestion in amphioxus ().

The digestive methods employed by amphioxus ()-both intracellular phagocytic digestion and extracellular digestion-have been discussed since 1937. Recent studies also show that epithelial cells lining the digestive tract can express many immune genes. Here, in , using a special tissue fixation method, we show that some epithelial cells, especially those lining the large diverticulum protruding from the gut tube, phagocytize food particles directly, and can rely on this kind of phagocytic intracellular digestion to obtain energy throughout all stages of its life.